Ngaba unengxaki efana nale ngemithambo yakho yegazi? Masifunde ngeFibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)!

Ngaba wakha weva ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yiFibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)? Mhlawumbi akunjalo. Yimeko engaqhelekanga kancinci. Kodwa kunokuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyazi. Kuba inxulumene nokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale FMD ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni iFibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)?

Ngamafutshane, iFibromuscular Dysplasia , okanye iFMD njengoko siyibiza njalo, kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli kwiindonga zemithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi imithambo-luvo. Imithambo-luvo yimithambo-luvo yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yethu ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye izicubu zomzimba wethu. Njengenkqubo yemibhobho ethwala amanzi esuka kwitanki yamanzi ukuya kuzo zonke iindawo zendlu, le mithambo-luvo ikwabonelela ngegazi emzimbeni wethu.

Ngoko ke, ngenxa yesi simo se-FMD, imithambo yakho yegazi, oko kukuthi, imithambo yegazi, inokuvaleka, idumbe, okanye ibonakale ngathi yintambo yeentsimbi, ivalekile kwiindawo ezithile kwaye idumbe kwiindawo ezithile . Khawuthelekelele ukuba ukuba umbhobho wamanzi uvalekile kwaye utyunyuziwe kwiindawo ezithile, uya kuthintela ukuhamba kwamanzi, kwaye le FMD inokuthintela nokuhamba kwegazi.

Yeyiphi imithambo yegazi enokuchaphazeleka yi-FMD?

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-FMD, inokuchaphazela imithambo yegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zemithambo yegazi ezinokuchaphazeleka:

• Imithambo yeCarotid: Le mithambo ifumaneka entanyeni yakho. Le mithambo ithwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yakho liye engqondweni yakho. Ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo kwezi mithambo, ubungakanani begazi eliya engqondweni yakho bunokuncipha.
• Imithambo yezintso: Le mithambo ithwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yakho liye kwizintso zakho, ezizitho ezibalulekileyo ezihluza inkunkuma emizimbeni yethu.
• Imithambo yentliziyo: Le yimithambo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni ngokwayo. Le mithambo kufuneka ibe sempilweni ukuze intliziyo isebenze kakuhle.
• Imithambo ye-Mesenteric: Le mithambo ithwala igazi iye emathunjini akho. Kufuneka isebenze kakuhle ukuze ikwazi ukugaya ukutya esikutyayo.
• Eminye imithambo yegazi: Ukongeza koku, i-FMD inokuchaphazela nemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho, ezingalweni, okanye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-FMD?

I-FMD inokuchaphazela nabani na. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu bathambekele kakhulu ekubeni nale meko. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ngaphezulu kwama-90% ezigulane ze-FMD ngabafazi . Kwakhona, le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-70 ubudala .

Kwakhona, kukho ezinye iimeko zonyango ezinokuba neempawu ezifanayo neze-FMD. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha nabo baxhalabile ngezi meko:

• Isifo sika-Ehlers-Danlos
• Isifo sikaLoeys-Dietz
• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1
• isifo sikaWilliams
• I-Vasculitis yemithambo yegazi emikhulu (`i-vasculitis yemithambo emikhulu`)
• I-atherosclerosis
• Ukulungiswa kwemithambo ye-systemic

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-FMD?

Enyanisweni, kunzima kwizazinzulu ukuxela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba bangaphi abantu abane-FMD. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi abanazo iimpawu , okanye zifunyenwe ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwesinye isifo, usenokuba unaso, kodwa usenokungazi.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-FMD?

I-FMD inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekwe kwindlela ezibonakala ngayo imithambo xa oogqirha beyihlola.

1. I-Multifocal FMD: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo . Kolu hlobo, imithambo yegazi ifana nomtya weentsimbi . Oko kukuthi, imithambo yegazi iyavuleka kwiindawo ezithile, ize incitshiswe, ikhuliswe kwakhona, incitshiswe kwakhona... ngendlela efana naleyo.

2. I-Focal FMD: Olu hlobo aluqhelekanga kakhulu . Lubandakanya ukuvaleka komthambo okanye ukwakheka kwezicubu ezingaqhelekanga (izilonda) eludongeni lomthambo.

Yintoni ebangela i-FMD?

Ngelishwa, izazinzulu azikafumani sizathu sithile se-FMD, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ezicingelwa ukuba zibandakanyeka:

• Izinto ezibangela ufuzo: Kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokuba yimfuza.
• IiHormone: Kucingelwa ukuba utshintsho kumanqanaba ehomoni emzimbeni lunokubandakanyeka, ingakumbi kuba luqheleke kakhulu kubafazi.
• Ukonakala kodonga lwemithambo: Iindonga zemithambo zingonakaliswa zizinto ezifana nokuxinana okuphindaphindiweyo.
• Ezinye izinto, ezinje ngokutshaya, zingenza i-FMD ibe mandundu. Ngoko ke, ukuba uyatshaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka.

Zithini iimpawu ze-FMD?

Iimpawu ze-FMD ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthambo ochaphazelekileyo . Abanye abantu abane-FMD basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu . Nangona kunjalo, abanye banokufumana iimpawu ezibangelwa kukungakhawulezi kokuhamba kwegazi. Ezi ziquka:

• Inqaku: Xa ugqirha emamele intamo okanye isisu sakho nge-stethoscope, kuvakala isandi esingaqhelekanga 'sokukhwaza' kunye nesandi sokuphuma kwegazi.
• I-Vertigo: Ukuziva ujikeleza okanye ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke kuwe.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalawulekiyo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu ye-migraine.
• Intlungu yentamo.
• Ukuva isandi 'esitshoyo' okanye isandi esivakala ezindlebeni.

Khawucinge nje, uNilanthi uhlala enesizungu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uva ingxolo engaqhelekanga iphuma ezindlebeni zakhe. Wayecinga ukuba oku kuqhelekile. Kodwa xa ugqirha emhlola, weva isandi esithi "Bruit" siphuma entanyeni yakhe. Kuphela emva kovavanyo olongezelelweyo apho wafumanisa ukuba une-FMD.

Zeziphi iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu ezinokubangela i-FMD?

Ukuba i-FMD ayiphathwa kakuhle, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinzulu , ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukwazi oku.

• I-Aneurysm: Ubuthathaka bomthambo ovuthuluka njengebhaluni. Oku kungenzeka kumthambo osebuchotsheni (i-'brain aneurysm') okanye kumthambo osesiswini (i-'abdominal artery aneurysm'). Ukuba oku kuyagqabhuka, kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo: Ukukrazuka eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwemithambo. Umzekelo, oku kungenzeka kwimithambo ye-carotid (i-carotid dissection) okanye kwimithambo yentliziyo (i-spontaneous coronary artery dissection).
• Istroke.
• Uhlaselo lwe-ischemic olukhawulezileyo (TIA), olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-mini-stroke.

Ezi zezona ngxaki ziphambili ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-FMD. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-FMD?

Ngamanye amaxesha i-FMD ifunyanwa ngengozi xa ugqirha esenza uhlolo oluqhelekileyo (umzekelo, ukuva isandi 'sokugquma'). Okanye ingafunyanwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwesinye isifo.

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba une-FMD, unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Iskeni ye-CT.
• Iskeni ye-MRI (`MRI`).
• Iskeni ye-ultrasound (`i-Ultrasound`).
• I-Angiography: Oku kusebenzisa into ekhethekileyo kunye ne-X-ray ukujonga imithambo yakho yegazi.

Olu vavanyo lunokubona ngokucacileyo utshintsho kwimithambo yegazi, ukuvaleka kwayo, kunye nokudumba.

Ngaba i-FMD inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-FMD . Oko kukuthi, akukho nyango lwayo. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-FMD?

Unyango lwe-FMD luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi imithambo yegazi echaphazelekileyo, ubunzima besifo, kunye neempawu zakho. Unyango oluphambili luquka:

• Izithibi zegazi (Antiplatelet drugs okanye Anticoagulant drugs): Ezi zithintela igazi ekujiyeni kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko weemeko ezifana nestroke.
• Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Umzekelo, amayeza anjenge-'ACE inhibitors' kunye ne-'Angiotensin receptor blockers'.
• Unyango lwentloko ebuhlungu kunye nentlungu:Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa izinto ezifana ne-aspirin okanye i-botulinum toxin injections (Botox®).
• I-Angioplasty: Kule nkqubo, ibhaluni encinci kakhulu idluliselwa kwi-catheter iye kwi-artery, ethi emva koko ivuthelwe ukuze ivule indawo evalekileyo.
• Utyando: Kusenokufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezifana ne-aneurysms okanye kudalwe iindlela ezintsha zokuhamba kwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba indlela yonyango efanelekileyo kuwe.

Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuthintela i-FMD?

Ekubeni izizathu ezichanekileyo ze-FMD zingaziwa, akukho ndlela ithile yokuyithintela . Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ingakumbi ukuphepha ukutshaya , njengoko ukutshaya kunokuyenza ibe mandundu i-FMD.

Injani ixesha lokuphila nge-FMD?

Uninzi lwabantu abane-FMD banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo . Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ukuba enye yezo aneurysms sithethe ngazo ngaphambili iqhuma, inokubangela ukopha kunye nesifo sohlangothi, umonakalo osisigxina wemithambo-luvo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokufa. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Ukuba une-FMD, uzinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-FMD, kubalulekile ukuba uthwale uxanduva lwempilo yakho. Ungenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Jonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko. Yeka nokusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba. Ezi zingenza isifo seFMD sibe sibi ngakumbi.
• Qiniseka ukuba uya rhoqo kwiimvavanyo zonyango kunye namadinga. Kusenokufuneka ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi oluvela kwimithambo yegazi ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
• Sela onke amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo.

Abanye abantu abane-FMD bakufumanisa kuluncedo ukujoyina amaqela enkxaso apho abanye abantu abanale meko banokwabelana ngamava, kwaye baphakamise ulwazi malunga nophando lwe-FMD.

Umntu one-FMD ufanele afune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uzifunele unyango ukuba une-FMD. Oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthambo ochaphazelekileyo.

Ngokukodwa, abantu abane-FMD kufuneka bazi iimpawu zestroke . Ezi zinokwenzeka ngequbuliso:

• Ukudideka.
• Ukuba nesiyezi, ukulahlekelwa kukulinganisela, okanye ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwayo.
• Iingxaki zokubona.
• Ubuthathaka okanye ukuba ndindisholo ebusweni, engalweni, okanye emlenzeni (ingakumbi kwelinye icala lomzimba).

Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.Ewe, kuba istroke yimeko engxamisekileyo efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo zezi:

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu nge-fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) namhlanje. Nangona ingumxholo onzima kancinci, ndiyathemba ukuba ungawuqonda ngokulula.

I-FMD yimeko apho iiseli ezikwiindonga zemithambo yegazi zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe, ivuvuke, okanye ibonakale ngathi yintambo yeentsimbi.

Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo woku ungaziwa, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu, ingakumbi abafazi. Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana iimpawu, kodwa abo bazifumanayo banokuba nesiyezi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nengxolo engaqhelekanga entanyeni yabo. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana ne-aneurysms kunye ne-stroke.

Ngethamsanqa, le meko inokulawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene ne-FMD, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Banokwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo kwaye banike unyango lokunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuthintela iingxaki. Ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango konke kubalulekile ukuze uphile ubomi obusempilweni kunye ne-FMD.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Fibromuscular dysplasia, i-FMD, isifo semithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-aneurysm, istroke