Khawuthelekelele ukuba usepatini uze ngequbuliso umhlobo wakho atye into efana nepeanut aze angakwazi ukuphefumla, okanye umntwana wakho afumane imbumbulu aze ajike abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aze afuthaniseleke. Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngenaliti esindisa ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-EpiPen. Kodwa inyani yile, abantu abaninzi bayoyika ukuzinika loo naliti ethangeni, becinga ukuba abayi kukwazi ukuyenza kakuhle xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Ngoko ke, bekuya kuba mnandi kangakanani ukuba bekukho isisombululo sale nto, iyeza elinokutshizwa empumlweni ngaphandle kwenaliti? Lelo luhlobo lwethemba elitsha esithetha ngalo namhlanje.
Yintoni le ibangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla kangako?
Ngamafutshane, olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lwe-allergy. Ngokwezonyango, silubiza ngokuba yi -anaphylaxis . Oku kwenzeka xa into engahambelaniyo nomzimba wethu ingena emzimbeni wethu, kwaye inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba isabela ngokugqithisileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umzimba wonke uphelelwe ngamandla ngequbuliso.
Izizathu eziphambili zoku zinokuba zezi:
- Ezinye ukutya: ii-peanuts, ii-cashews, ubisi, amaqanda , ukutya kwaselwandle (ii-shrimp, i-squid) njl.
- Ukulunywa zizinambuzane: Ingakumbi ukulunywa zizilwanyana ezifana neenyosi kunye neenyoni.
- Amayeza athile: Abanye abantu banokuba ne-allergy kwii-antibiotics ezifana ne-penicillin.
Xa le meko "(Anaphylaxis)" isenzeka, ukuphefumla kuba nzima, ulwimi nomqala ziyadumba, kuvela amaqhuqhuva abomvu emzimbeni wonke, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla ngequbuliso, isiyezi kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo kunokwenzeka. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango eyingozi kakhulu nesongela ubomi.
Isisombululo sangoku: i-EpiPen kunye ne-epinephrine
Iyeza eliphambili elisindisa ubomi kwiimpendulo ezinzima ze-allergy ezifana nale yi- epinephrine . Eli yeza likhulula ngokukhawuleza izihlunu kwimibhobho yomoya ezenza kube nzima ukuphefumla, kwaye linciphisa imithambo yegazi, libuyisele uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
I-EpiPen sisixhobo esilula ukusisebenzisa sokujova (i-auto-injector) esiqulethe iyeza i-Epinephrine. Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, xa uyicinezela ngasemva kwethanga lakho, inaliti iphuma ngokuzenzekelayo ize ijove iyeza.
Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, le yinaliti. Abantu abaninzi bayathandabuza ukuba nayo ngenxa yokoyika iinaliti, ukoyika ukungakwazi ukuyenza kakuhle ngexesha loxinzelelo, kunye neendleko zayo eziphezulu kwamanye amazwe.
Ithemba elitsha elingenazinaliti: i-spray yempumlo (Neffy)
Njengesisombululo sale ngxaki, inkampani ebizwa ngokuba yi-'ARS Pharmaceuticals' izama ukwazisa iyeza elitsha elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Neffy'. Le yi-spray yempumlo esithethe ngayo. Ikwanayo ne-'Epinephrine' esindisa ubomi. Kodwa umahluko kukuba endaweni yenaliti, ingasetyenziswa njenge-spray eqhelekileyo yempumlo.
Cinga ngeenzuzo zoku:
- Akukho naliti : Le yeyona nzuzo inkulu. Uloyiko lweenaliti lupheliswe ngokupheleleyo.
- Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa: Abazali banokuyisebenzisa ngokulula nakumntwana wabo omncinci xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Akukho mathandabuzo: Ngamanye amaxesha kuba sekwephuzile ukunika inaliti ngenxa yokoyika ukuyinika. Kodwa i-spray ingasebenza ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.
Masithelekise ezi ndlela zimbini kancinci.
| Uthelekiso | I-EpiPen (inaliti) | Neffy (isitshizi sempumlo) |
|---|---|---|
| Kusetyenziswa kwanjani | Ukubhobozwa kwenaliti kwindawo yethanga. | Ukutshiza empumlweni. |
| Inzuzo ephambili | Indlela ethembekileyo neqinisekisiweyo ixesha elide. | Akukho naliti, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ayoyikisi kangako. |
| Imingeni/Izinto ezingalunganga | Ukoyika iinaliti, ixabiso eliphezulu, kunye nesidingo soqeqesho lokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo. | Ayikabikho kwimarike okwangoku, ilinde ukuvunywa. |
Kutheni ke singakayifumani le nto?
Nantsi ingxaki. I-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) eMelika yiyo emele ivume amayeza amatsha afana nala.
Iphaneli yeengcali ezicebisayo eyenze uphando ngesitshizi se-'Neffy' icebise ukuba sivunywe. Ziindaba ezimnandi kakhulu ezo. Nangona kunjalo, i-'FDA' ithe kufuneka uphando olongezelelweyo ngaphambi kokuba ivume eli yeza. Ngokukodwa, bafuna ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemiphumo ye-'dose' yesibini ukuba 'idose' enye ayanelanga.
Esi sigqibo sisothuse kwaye sidanisile inkampani yamayeza kunye namaqela axhasa ukungezwani komzimba, njengoko sibuyisele umva amathemba abantu abaninzi abebelinde iminyaka emininzi befuna enye indlela engenanaliti.
Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ngoku?
Oku akukokwaliwa, kukulibaziseka nje. I-ARS Pharmaceuticals ithe iza kugqiba izifundo ezongezelelweyo ezicelwe yi-FDA kwaye iphinde ifake isicelo sokuvunywa kwikota yokuqala ka-2024. Ngoko ke, kusekho ithemba ngesi sitshizi singenanaliti.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi amanyathelo okusindisa ubomi akhoyo ngoku kwaye ulungele ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho une-allergy enzima, endaweni yokulinda ukuba kufike eli yeza litsha.
Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde kakuhle ukuba uyayidinga na i-epinephrine auto-injector, nokuba ufanele uyigcine esandleni sakho, kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Iya kuba lolona tyalo-mali lukhulu onokulwenza ukusindisa ubomi bakho kunye nobomi babantu obathandayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anaphylaxis yimeko enzima yokunganyamezelani enokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Iyeza elisindisa ubomi loku yi-epinephrine. Okwangoku, eli linikwa ngeenaliti ezifana ne-EpiPen.
- Bekucwangciselwe ukuba kungeniswe isitshizi esitsha sempumlo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Neffy', esiza kunciphisa uloyiko lweenaliti, kodwa ukuvunywa kwaso kuye kwalibaziseka ngenxa yophando olongezelelekileyo.
- Ekubeni oku kungekuko ukwaliwa kodwa kukulibaziseka, kusekho ithemba lokuba oku kuya kuthengiswa kwixesha elizayo.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba wena okanye ilungu losapho linengxaki enkulu yokunganyamezelani komzimba, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko uze ufumane inaliti ye-epinephrine esele ikhona kwaye ufunde indlela yokuyisebenzisa, kunokulinda iyeza elitsha.
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