Intliziyo yakho yimpompo emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Le mpompo ithumela igazi elifunekayo kuzo zonke izicwili kunye namalungu omzimba. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, le ntliziyo inokuba buthathaka. Emva koko intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elininzi njengoko umzimba ulifuna. Ngokwezonyango, le meko siyibiza ngokuba yiHeart Failure (Heart Failure) okanye (Congestive Heart Failure - CHF). Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku, oku akuthethi ukuba intliziyo iyekile ukusebenza, kodwa kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wentliziyo uye waba buthathaka.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, le meko inokulawulwa ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunye namayeza. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, olu nyango lodwa alwanelanga. Kulapho oogqirha bacinga khona ngotyando. Utyando lunokuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho, lunciphise iimpawu, kwaye lukuncede uphile ixesha elide.
Kunini apho kufuneka khona utyando?
Ngoku usenokuba ucinga ukuba, 'Ngaba wonke umntu uyatyandwa?' Hayi, akunjalo. Ugqirha wakho uza kucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando ngezizathu ezininzi eziphambili.
- Nyanga imeko ebangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Ngamanye amaxesha intliziyo inokuba buthathaka ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo okanye ingxaki yevalvu. Utyando lunokulungisa loo nto ibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.
- Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo: Utyando lunokwenza kube lula ukuba intliziyo ipompe igazi.
- Ukusindisa ubomi: Xa isifo sikhula kakhulu ukuba singalawuleka ngokutshintsha indlela esiphila ngayo namayeza, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kusindiswe ubomi.
Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando ezenziwayo xa kukho ukusilela kwentliziyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ngenxa yoku. Ezinye zityando ezingangenisi kakhulu. Ezinye zifikelela kwinqanaba lotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo kunye nokufakelwa kwentliziyo. Siza kuthetha ngazo zonke ezi ntlobo ngokwahlukeneyo.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa kweCatheter | Ukucima iindawo entliziyweni ezibangela imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga. |
| Izixhobo Ezifakelweyo | Ukufaka isixhobo esifana ne-pacemaker okanye i-defibrillator phantsi kwesikhumba ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo. |
| I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) | Ukudala indlela entsha (yokudlula) yokuhamba kwegazi, ukudlula umjelo wegazi ovalekileyo. |
| I-Angioplasty kunye neStent | Ibhaluni isetyenziselwa ukwandisa umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo kwaye kufakwa i-mesh encinci (i-stent) ukuthintela ukuba ungavaleki kwakhona. |
| Utyando lweValve yeNtliziyo | Ukulungisa ivalvu yentliziyo engasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukufaka entsha. |
| Isixhobo se-LVAD | Ukufakelwa kwempompo encinci (iSixhobo soNcedo lweNgqondo yasekhohlo) enceda intliziyo ipompe igazi. |
| Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo | Ukususa intliziyo ebuthathaka nokuyifaka kwenye intliziyo ephilileyo evela kumntu onikelayo. |
Ukususwa kweCatheter
Le yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukunyanga isigqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga, esibizwa ngokuba yi-arrhythmia. Le arrhythmia ibangelwa ziimpawu zombane ezingalunganga ezivela kwindawo ethile yentliziyo. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter) entliziyweni ngomthambo wegazi osesinqeni sakho okanye engalweni. Emva koko, esebenzisa ubushushu okanye ukubanda kakhulu ngetyhubhu, izicubu ezithumela iimpawu ezingalunganga ziyatshatyalaliswa.
Izixhobo ezifakelweyo ezilawula izinga lentliziyo
Ukuba une-arrhythmia enzima, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni afake isixhobo esincinci phantsi kwesikhumba sakho. Iintambo eziqhagamshelwe kwezi zixhobo zifakwa entliziyweni yakho. Zijonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kwaye zithumele imiqondiso yombane xa kufuneka ukubuyisela izinga lentliziyo yakho.
- I-ICD (ICD) efakelweyo kwiCardioverter Defibrillator:Oku kufumanisa ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okunokubeka ubomi esichengeni, kuze kubangele ukubetheka okuncinci kombane entliziyweni ukuze kubuyiselwe esimeni sayo. Kufana 'nokubuyela' kancinci entliziyweni.
- I-Pacemaker esisigxina: Oku kugcina intliziyo ibetha kancinci ngokuthumela rhoqo ii-pulses zombane ezincinci entliziyweni.
Utyando lwe-Coronary artery bypass (Utyando lwe-Bypass)
Imithambo yegazi ye-coronary, ehambisa igazi entliziyweni, ivaleka ngamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol. Le plaque inokuvala imithambo yegazi. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani begazi kunye neoksijini efunekayo entliziyweni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kwenza izihlunu zentliziyo zibe buthathaka. Kutyando lwe-bypass, ugqirha usebenzisa umthambo wegazi ophilileyo ovela kwelinye ilungu lomzimba wakho (ngokuqhelekileyo umlenze wakho) ukudala indlela entsha yegazi yokudlula ukuvaleka.
Kufana nokwakha indlela edlulayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuxinana kweemoto endleleni.
I-Angioplasty kunye neStent
Olu lutyando oluncinci lokuvula umthambo wentliziyo ovalekileyo. Kule nto, ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni kwe-catheter idluliselwa kumthambo wegazi ovalekileyo ize ivuthe. Oku kuyayiqhekeza i-plaque evalekileyo kwaye kwenze umthambo wegazi wande. Emva koko, ityhubhu encinci efana ne-mesh, ebizwa ngokuba yi-stent, ifakwa kwindawo evulekileyo ukuze ingavaleki kwakhona.
Utyando lweValve yeNtliziyo
Iivalvu ezisentliziyweni yakho zilawula ukuhamba kwegazi kwicala elinye. Ezi valve azinakuvaleka kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi livuza ngasemva (regurgitation), okanye iindonga zeevalvu zinokuba nkulu kwaye zingavuleki kakuhle (stenosis). Kuzo zombini iimeko, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi. Oku kunokubangela nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo. Olu tyando lubandakanya ukulungisa ivalvu engasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukuyitshintsha ngentsha.
I-LVAD (Isixhobo soNcedo lwe-Ventricular yasekhohlo)
Kwabanye abantu, ukusilela kwentliziyo kuba nzima kangangokuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni ngokwayo. I-LVAD yimpompo encinci efakwa kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo. Isilawuli sinxitywa ngaphandle komzimba. Kwabanye abantu, sisetyenziswa njengonyango lwexesha elide, ngelixa kwabanye, sisetyenziswa 'njengebhulorho' yexeshana de kubekho ukufakelwa kwentliziyo.
Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo
Olu lolona khetho lokugqibela kumntu onesifo sentliziyo esikwinqanaba lokugqibela. Intliziyo yakho ebuthathaka iyasuswa kwaye intliziyo ephilileyo evela kumntu oswelekileyo iyatyalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kweentliziyo zabaxhasi, kufuneka uhlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo kakhulu ukuze ufanelekele ukufakelwa intliziyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nasemva kotyando?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika yonke imiyalelo efunekayo ngaphambi kotyando. Umzekelo:
- Izinto zokutya nokusela nezinto ekungafanele zenziwe
- Amayeza omawuwathathe kwaye uwayeke
- Yintoni omawuyinxibe kunye nento omawuyiphathe xa usiza esibhedlele
Emva kotyando, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU) okanye kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Ubude bexesha oza kuhlala kulo esibhedlele buya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo kunye nempilo yakho. Usenokukwazi ukuya ekhaya kungekapheli usuku, okanye usenokufuna ukuhlala iiveki ezimbalwa. Abanye abantu banokufuna ukuhlala kwiziko lokubuyisela impilo yabo okwethutyana ukuze baphinde bafumane amandla abo.
Ziziphi iimeko zomngcipheko?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile. Kukho ithuba elincinci lokopha, usulelo, isifo sohlangothi, kwanokufa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ngokucacileyo indlela ezi ngozi ezinxulumene ngayo neminyaka yakho kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo. Buza ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo ngelo xesha.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo yimeko ehlala ixesha elide, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho. Xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ziyanda okanye ziyavela.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa/Ubuthathaka | Ukudinwa kakhulu nangona sele ugqibile ukwenza umsebenzi omncinci. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla kancinci xa uphumle, uhamba, okanye ugobile. |
| Ukudumba (Ukudumba) | Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, iinyawo, okanye isisu. |
Landela imiyalelo kagqirha kanye emva kotyando. Yiya kwiikliniki ngemihla ebekiweyo. Ukuba uneengxaki okanye ukungakhululeki ngexesha lokuchacha, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kukwenza intliziyo ibe buthathaka, kungekhona ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ngokupheleleyo. Le yimeko enokulawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
- Utyando lunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo xa amayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila alwanelanga.
- Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zotyando, ukusuka kutyando olungenabungozi kangako ukuya kutyando lokufakelwa intliziyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo.
- Ngaphambi kotyando, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengozi zalo.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezonyango kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kwezonyango kubaluleke kakhulu ekuchacheni emva kotyando.
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