Ngaba intliziyo ingaliwa emva kokufakelwa? (Ukwaliwa kokufakelwa intliziyo) Masithethe ngale nto!

Uyabona, ukufumana intliziyo entsha kufana nokuqala ubomi obutsha. Oku kukhululeka kakhulu, ngakumbi kumntu osebenza intliziyo yakhe ebuthathaka kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ukusilela kwentliziyo kwinqanaba lokugqibela . Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha umzimba wethu ubona le ntliziyo intsha "njengomntu ongamaziyo" kwaye uqala ukusabela ngokuchasene nayo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi -Heart Transplant Rejection . Nangona oku kuyoyikisa kancinci, ukuba nolwazi olufanelekileyo ngale nto kunokunciphisa iingxaki ezininzi. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, akunjalo?

Yintoni kanye kanye ukwaliwa kokufakelwa kwentliziyo?

Ngamafutshane, ukufakelwa intliziyo yinkqubo yotyando apho intliziyo ekwimeko embi kakhulu isuswa khona kwaye intliziyo ephilileyo evela kumntu oswelekileyo ityalwe. Ngoko ke, xa inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela ibona intliziyo entsha "njengengeyoyakho, kodwa yeyomnye umntu," iqala ukuhlasela intliziyo entsha ngokungathi ilwa nesifo. Yiloo nto ukwaliwa .

Oku kunokwenzeka kakhulu kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokufakelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha le meko inokwenzeka emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngaphambi kokuba utyando lwentliziyo, oogqirha baza kukuqalisa ngamayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba . La mayeza azama ukucinezela amasosha omzimba wakho aze ayithintele ekuhlaseleni intliziyo entsha. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha nangona la mayeza esetyenziswa, awakwazi ukuyekiswa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukwaliwa kungakhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi. Umzekelo:

• Ukungalingani kwesantya sentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia): Oku kunokukhokelela ekufeni ngequbuliso.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo entsha.
• Ukuba nesifo sentliziyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokwaliwa?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zokungafunwa ezibonwa kukufakelwa intliziyo:

1. Ukwaliwa kweeseli ngokukhawuleza: Oku kwenzeka xa uhlobo oluthile lweseli kwinkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba olubizwa ngokuba zii-T cells luhlasela iiseli zentliziyo ezintsha. Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu zokuqala emva kokufakelwa isibeleko.

2. Ukungavumi okungapheliyo: Oku kubangelwa kukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iqhubeka nokuhlasela i-graft ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, imithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi entliziyweni, imithambo yentliziyo, iyaqina kancinci kancinci. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani beoksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo entliziyweni.

3. Ukwaliwa okuhlekisayo: Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukwaliwa okukhawulezileyo kwe-antibody.Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiyo. Oku kunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha emva kokufakelwa. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ii-antibodies eziveliswa yinkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba zonakalisa imithambo yegazi entliziyweni entsha. Emva koko intliziyo ayifumani ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo.

Kuxhaphake kangakanani oku kwaliwa kwentliziyo?

Enyanisweni, oku kwaliwa yinto enokubonwa kwinqanaba elithile phakathi kwabantu abaye bafakelwa intliziyo. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka nokuba bathatha amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, ingakumbi ngokufunyanwa kwezinto ezintsha malunga nokunciphisa amasosha omzimba , umngcipheko wokungaliwa uyancipha kancinci kancinci.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokungafunwa kwentliziyo?

Kukho izinto ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokwaliwa. Makhe sibone ukuba zithini:

• Ezinye zeengxaki zempilo umntu ofumana intliziyo anazo: Umzekelo , i-cholesterol ephezulu , ukuxhathisa i-insulin , kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emaphaphu .
• Ukungalingani kwezakhi zofuzo phakathi komnikeli kunye nommkeli.
• Ukuba umntu onikele ngentliziyo wayenesifo sentliziyo.
• Ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo entliziyweni ngelixa ikhutshwa emzimbeni, ibuyiselwa, ize ityalwe ibe ngumntu omtsha.
• Umntu ofumana intliziyo umnyama (le yinto efunyenwe kwizifundo, ayiqhelekanga kuye wonke umntu).
• Ukuba umntu owamkela intliziyo mncinci kakhulu kunomntu onika intliziyo.
• Amayeza okunciphisa umzimba angasetyenziswanga ngedosi echanekileyo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, okanye angasebenzi kakuhle namanye amayeza amatsha.

Yintoni ebangela ukuba iintliziyo zingavumi?

Oku kwenzeka kuba inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela iyaziqonda intliziyo entsha "njengento engaqhelekanga." Emva koko ithumela ii-T cells, okanye ii-antibodies , ukuba zihlasele "umhlaseli."

Oku kunokwenzeka nangona amayeza okulwa nokwaliwa anikwa izigulana ezifakelwa intliziyo. Izazinzulu azikaqondi ngokupheleleyo ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka.

Zithini iimpawu zokungafunwa kwentliziyo?

Le yeyona nxalenye ididayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukusilela kwentliziyo kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kweempawu! Yiyo loo nto oogqirha behlala bekuvavanya, ukuze babone ukuba kukho into engalunganga na. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu bayaba neempawu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomkhuhlane ziquka:

• Intlungu zesisu.
• Intlungu yomzimba.
• Ukugodola.
• Ndidinwe kakhulu (Ukudinwa).
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi, ngokungathi umzimba ushushu kakhulu.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukungabi namdla wokutya.
• Ukuziva ungaphilanga kakuhle.

Kusenokubakho nezinye iimpawu:

• Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga.
• Ukuphuma komchamo okungaphantsi kwesiqhelo (i-Oliguria) .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (Hypotension) .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) .
• Ukunyuka kwesisindo okungalindelekanga ngequbuliso.
• Ukudumba kwamaqatha, izandla, okanye iinyawo.

Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokulinda idinga lakho elilandelayo.

Uyibona njani into yokungafunwa kwentliziyo?

Emva kokufakelwa intliziyo yakho, uya kwenziwa uvavanyo rhoqo ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba ayivunywanga na. Oogqirha bakho banokuyalela uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iimpawu ze-DNA ezinxulumene nokwaliwa.
• I-echocardiogram (njenge-ultrasound scan yentliziyo).
• Uvavanyo lwe -Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye EKG) (ukujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo).
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwentliziyo lwenyukliya .
• I-Angiography ( i-X-ray ejonga imithambo yegazi yentliziyo).
• I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi .
• I-Myocardial biopsy okanye i-heart biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili entliziyweni uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ubone iimpawu zokungamkeleki. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukungamkeleki.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba kukho ukwaliwa kwentliziyo?

Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, umzekelo:

• Uhlobo lokwaliwa.
• Ubukhali bokwaliwa.
• Iimpawu zakho.
• Ezinye iingxaki zempilo onazo.
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku?

Ukuba intliziyo yakho ayivumi, oogqirha banokwenza izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukutshintsha iintlobo zamayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba owasebenzisayo ngoku, ukongeza amatsha, okanye ukwandisa umthamo.
• Unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-plasmapheresis okanye i-photopheresis, oluyindlela yokucoca igazi lakho.
• Utyando okanye ezinye iinkqubo zokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi, ezifana ne -angioplasty okanye utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo.
• Ukunika amayeza kwiqela le-corticosteroid , umzekelo , i-Prednisone .
• Ukuthatha intliziyo kumntu omtsha onikelayo nokwenza utyando olutsha (oku kunqabile kakhulu).
• Ukusebenzisa oomatshini ukuxhasa intliziyo yakho. Umzekelo:Isixhobo Sokuncedisa I-Oxygen engaphandle kwesikhumba (i-ECMO) okanye isixhobo sokuncedisa i-Ventricular (i-VAD) .

Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela ukwaliwa kwentliziyo?

Kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwaliwa:

• Qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke iintlanganiso zikagqirha wakho. Ezi zibaluleke kakhulu.
• Jonga ubunzima bakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nobushushu bomzimba rhoqo. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho.
• Landela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Oko kuthetha ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukwenza umthambo rhoqo, kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya.
• Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokulinda idinga lakho elilandelayo.
• Sela onke amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye njengoko eyalelwe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye kwidosi efanelekileyo. Ungaphoswa yidosi enye.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe naliphi na iyeza elitsha (nokuba yivithamini), buza ugqirha wakho okanye ikhemisti ukuba liza kubangela ingxaki ngamayeza akho okulwa nokwaliwa.

Ndimele ndilindele ntoni ukuba ndiyaliwa?

Umngcipheko wokwaliwa kwentliziyo uyancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba oku kusenokwenzeka kwiminyaka emva kotyando.

Ukuba uyalahlwa, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo. Uninzi lwabantu lulawula le meko ngokunyusa iidosi ze-immunosuppressants kunye nolunye unyango. Yi-2% ukuya kwi-4% kuphela yabantu abaye bafakelwa intliziyo abaya kufuna ukufakelwa kwakhona.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha wam malunga nokwaliwa kwentliziyo?

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

Ngaphambi kotyando:

• Ingaba intliziyo yalo mnikeli iyafana nam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungafunwa kwentliziyo?
• Ngawaphi amayeza okuthintela ukwaliwa endifanele ndiwasebenzise?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zaloo mayeza?
• Ndifanele ndijonge ubunzima bam, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nobushushu bomzimba kangaphi? Zeziphi utshintsho ekufuneka ndikuxelele zona?

Ukuba kukho ukwala:

• Luhlobo luni lokwaliwa endinako?
• Loluphi uhlobo lonyango olunokundinceda?
• Ngaba ndifanelekile ukufakelwa intliziyo kwakhona?

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

Ukwaliwa yinto eqhelekileyo emva kokufakelwa intliziyo. Inokwenzeka naphi na ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emva kotyando. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelene neqela lakho lezonyango kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yabo ngononophelo.Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokwaliwa kunye neendlela zonyango. Ungakhathazeki, ngoku kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokulawula ezi meko. Khumbula, awuwedwa.

Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo , ukufakelwa kwentliziyo, ukwaliwa kwentliziyo, amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba, isifo sentliziyo, ukufakelwa kwezitho zomzimba, ukwaliwa kokufakelwa kwentliziyo