Ngaba ukhe uzive urhawuzelelwa, urhawuzelelwa, namehlo abomvu namanzi xa uchukumisa uthuli, uphuma emakhazeni, okanye utya into ethile? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha unengxaki yokuphefumla? Sidla ngokubiza oku ngokuthi 'yi-allergy'. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili ababangela le allergy. Ngu -histamine. Usenokuba ulivile eli gama kugqirha okanye kwigama leyeza olisebenzisayo ngenxa ye-allergies yakho. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni i-histamine kwaye yenza ntoni emzimbeni.
Ngamafutshane, ngubani le histamine?
Cinga ngemizimba yethu njengelizwe elikhuselekileyo. Nokuba umhlaseli wangaphandle angangena kweli lizwe, nokuba yinto engenabungozi emizimbeni yethu (umzekelo, isuntswana lothuli, i-stamen yentyatyambo, okanye into yokutya efana ne-shrimp), inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela (inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela) ngamanye amaxesha iyenza ngathi lutshaba.
Ngelo xesha, iiseli ezikwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba zikhupha ikhemikhali ukuze zithethe nezinye iiseli, zithumelelane imiyalezo. Kufana nomyalezo wesilumkiso othi, "Nanku utshaba lusiza, khawuleza wenze into!" Loo mthunywa ubizwa ngokuba yi-histamine.
Le khemikhali ibizwa ngokuba yi-histamine igcinwa emizimbeni yethu ikakhulu kwiintlobo ezimbini zeeseli.
1. Iiseli zeMast: Ezi luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezifumaneka kwizicubu ezidityanisiweyo kuyo yonke imizimba yethu. Zifumaneka kakhulu phantsi kolusu, kufutshane nemithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo ye-lymph, kwimithambo-luvo, emiphungeni nasemathunjini.
2. IiBasophil: Olu lolunye uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezifumaneka egazini.
Xa into enobungozi idibana nomzimba, ezi seli zikhupha i-histamine, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ze-allergy. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi mpawu zikhawulelwe kwindawo enye yomzimba, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le mpendulo inokuba nzima kakhulu . Siyibiza ngokuba yi -anaphylaxis . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo echaphazela umzimba wonke kwaye inokuba yingozi kubomi.
Yintoni eyenziwa yi-histamine emzimbeni? Ithetha ukuthini le nto ngee-receptors?
I-Histamine ayisiyonto nje embi ebangela i-allergies. Yenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni. Oko kwenziwa yi-histamine emzimbeni kuxhomekeke kwi-receptor ebopha kuyo. Kanye njengokuba isitshixo esifanayo sinokuvula iingcango ezininzi, igumbi ongena kulo liya kwahluka kuxhomekeke kumnyango owuvulayo. Izazinzulu zichonge iintlobo ezine ze-histamine receptors.
Masijonge oku ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle.
| Uhlobo lweSamkeli | Iindawo eziphambili | Kwenzeka ntoni xa ivuliwe? |
|---|---|---|
| Umamkeli we-H1 | Kuwo wonke umzimba, ingakumbi kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo, iindlela zokuphefumla, kunye neeseli zemisipha egudileyo kwimithambo yegazi. |
|
| Umamkeli we-H2 | Ikakhulu kwiiseli ezivelisa i-asidi esiswini, iiseli zemisipha egudileyo, kunye neeseli zentliziyo. | |
| Umamkeli we-H3 | Kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (ingqondo). | |
| Umamkeli we-H4 | Kwi-bone mongo kunye neeseli ezingavuthwanga eziba ziiseli zegazi. |
Uyaqonda? Oko kuthetha ukuba nangona sicinga ukuba yi-allergy, i-histamine ibandakanyeka ngasese kwizinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu, ezinje ngokulala, inkumbulo, ukufunda, kunye nokulawula ubushushu bomzimba.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango eziphambili ezinokunxulunyaniswa ne-histamine?
Iimeko zokunganyamezelani komzimba zibangelwa kakhulu yintshukumo ye-messenger histamine. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:
- I-Atopic dermatitis (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-eczema): Imeko ebangela ukuba ulusu lome, lube bomvu, lube namaxolo, kwaye lurhawuzelele kakhulu, oludla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-'eczema'.
- I-contact dermatitis: I-allergy eyenzeka xa into idibana nolusu. Umzekelo, iziqholo zokwenziwa, iimetali ezithile (ezifana ne-nickel), kunye nezithinteli.
- I-Allergic rhinitis (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-hay fever): Le yimeko eqhelekileyo efunyanwa ngabantu abaninzi. Ibangelwa zizinto ezifana nothuli, i-pollen, i-pet dander, kunye neencukuthu zothuli, okubangela impumlo egobhozayo, impumlo egobhozayo, kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo.
- Isifuba esibangelwa yi-allergy: Zizinto ezifanayo nezichazwe apha ngasentla, kodwa apha iindlela zomoya ziyancitshiswa, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuphefumla nzima.
- I-Allergy conjunctivitis: Imeko apho i-conjunctiva yamehlo idumba, ibomvu, irhawuzelele, kwaye ibe namanzi ngenxa ye-allergen.
Yintoni iHistamine Intolerance?
Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha amanqanaba e-histamine emzimbeni wethu aphakama kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba awukwazi ukuqhekeza i-histamine ngokufanelekileyo. Xa oku kusenzeka, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokuvela.
- Intloko ebuhlungu okanye iintloko ezibuhlungu
- Ukuxinana kwempumlo
- Ndihlala ndidiniwe
- IiHives
- Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya
- Imijikelo yokuya exesheni engaqhelekanga kubafazi
Ukuba unale mpawu rhoqo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha uze uthethe ngayo.
Ngoko ke ungayilawula njani le histamine?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezicetyiswa ngoogqirha ukulawula ukungakhululeki okubangelwa yi-histamine. Ezi zezona zifika engqondweni xa usiva igama elithi unyango lwe-allergy.
- Ii-antihistamine ze-H1: La ngamayeza esiwaqhelileyo njenge-'allergy pills'. Asebenza ngokuthintela ii-H1 receptors ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Oku kuthintela i-histamine ekubambeni kwezo receptors kwaye kubangele ukurhawuzelelwa kunye namaqhuqhuva. Ezi ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iipilisi, iisiraphu, iikhrimu, kunye namaconsi amehlo. Ezinye zazo zinokuthathwa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kodwa kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
- Ii-antihistamine ze-H2: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu iingxaki zesisu. Zinikwa izifo ezifana ne-gastritis, isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), kunye nokungagayeki kakuhle kokutya (i-dyspepsia). Zisebenza ngokuthintela ii-receptor ze-H2 esiswini ezivelisa i-asidi.
- IiCorticosteroids: Ezi sizibiza ngokuba 'zii-steroids'. Zinceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba okubangelwa yi-histamine. Umzekelo, ii-inhalers ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula i-asthma ziqulathe la mayeza e-steroid.
- Inaliti ye-Epinephrine: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Le naliti inikwa njengonyango olungxamisekileyo kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi, ezinje nge-allergy eqatha, okanye i-anaphylaxis. Ivula ngokukhawuleza indlela yomoya kwaye ibuyisele uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba iivithamini ezithile, ezinje ngevithamini C, i-copper, kunye nevithamini B6, zinokunceda ekunciphiseni amanqanaba e-histamine emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, musa ukuthatha naziphi na kwezi zongezo ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho kuqala.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba une-allergies yexesha elithile okanye uneempawu ze-allergy kwinto ethile, ingakumbi ukuba ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-allergy yakho kwaye akucebise unyango olungcono kuwe. Kwakhona, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nazo naziphi na iimpawu zokunganyamezelani ne-histamine ezikhankanywe apha ngasentla.
Nangona i-histamine ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemizimba yethu, ngamanye amaxesha xa isebenza kakhulu, inokusibangela iingxaki ezininzi. Ngoko ke, akukho mfuneko yokuba sihlupheke ngolo hlobo. Ezi meko zinokulawulwa ngcono ngokufuna iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Histamine sisithunywa seekhemikhali sendalo esikhutshwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba.
- I-Histamine yeyona nto ibangela iimpawu ezininzi ze-allergy, ezinje ngokurhawuzelelwa, ukuthimla, kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo.
- I-Histamine ibopha kwii-receptors ezibizwa ngokuba yi-H1, H2, H3, kunye ne-H4 ezikwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kwaye zenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
- Amayeza anjengee-antihistamines anokuthintela ukusebenza kwe-histamine kwaye alawule iimpawu ze-allergy.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-allergy zinzima okanye ziphazamisana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nonyango.
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