Yintoni i-HIV Viral Load? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-HIV, mhlawumbi ukhe weva ugqirha wakho ethetha 'ngomthwalo wentsholongwane'. Xa esithi izinto ezinje, "Sifuna ukujonga umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane," "Masibone ukuba umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane wehlile na," kusenokuvakala ngathi kuyinkimbinkimbi kancinci. Kuthetha ukuthini oku ngokwenene? ​​Kutheni olu vavanyo lubaluleke kangaka kwimpilo yakho? Ungakhathazeki, siza kuchaza yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye iHIV Viral Load?

Ngamafutshane, umthwalo wentsholongwane ye-HIV sisixa sentsholongwane ye-HIV kwisampulu yegazi lakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, ilinganisa inani leekopi zezinto zofuzo zentsholongwane ye-HIV (i-RNA) ezikwi-milliliter enye yegazi lakho (oko kukuthi malunga namaconsi angama-20 egazi).

Cinga ngale ndlela. Ukuba umzimba wakho yindlu, intsholongwane ye-HIV ifana nomntu ongene kuloo ndlu. Intsholongwane iyanda ngokwenza iikopi zayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Umthwalo ophezulu wentsholongwane uthetha ukuba intsholongwane isasazeka kwaye izenze iikopi zayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Umthwalo ophantsi wentsholongwane uthetha ukuba nangona intsholongwane ikhona emzimbeni, umsebenzi wayo kunye nobungakanani bayo buphantsi kakhulu.

Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango esiluthathayo losulelo lwe-HIV, oko kukuthi, unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) , kukuthintela intsholongwane ukuba ingaphindaphindeki emzimbeni kwaye ihlise umthwalo wentsholongwane ukuya kwinqanaba eliphantsi kangangokuba ayinakubonwa nangovavanyo, oko kukuthi, kwinqanaba "elingabonakaliyo" .

Olu vavanyo lomthamo wentsholongwane lujonge ntoni?

Ukuba une-HIV, ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa olu vavanyo lomthwalo wentsholongwane ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Lufana negeyiji ekwideshibhodi yemoto. Njengokuba ikuxelela indlela esebenza ngayo injini, olu vavanyo lunokukuxelela okuninzi malunga nempilo yomzimba wakho kunye nempumelelo yonyango lwakho.

• Jonga indlela olusebenza ngayo unyango lwakho: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Wakuba uqalile i-ART, umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane kufuneka wehle kancinci kancinci. Le yindlela ugqirha wakho anokuqinisekisa ngayo ukuba amayeza owasebenzisayo ayasebenza.
• Yenza izigqibo zonyango: Khawuthelekelele ukuba umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane uhlala ufana okanye uyanda kwakhona. Oku kuthetha ukuba amayeza akho angoku awasebenzi kakuhle, okanye intsholongwane isenokuba ayisakwazi ukumelana namayeza. Ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha amayeza akho.
• Vavanya iintsana ezizelwe ngoomama abane-HIV: Xa umama one-HIV ebeletha umntwana, olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukubona kwasekuqaleni ukuba umntwana une-HIV na.
• Qinisekisa usulelo olukwinqanaba lokuqala:Ngamanye amaxesha, kwiiveki zokuqala emva kokuba umntu osulelwe yi-HIV, ezinye iimvavanyo zisenokungayiboni ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa uvavanyo lomthamo wentsholongwane lunokuqinisekisa oko.
• Qinisekisa ukuba uwasela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo: Ukuba awuwaseli amayeza akho ngexesha elifanelekileyo, umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane ungaphinda unyuke. Ngoko ke olu vavanyo lukhumbuza wena nogqirha wakho ngokubaluleka kokusela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo.

Uvavanyo lomthwalo wentsholongwane lwenziwa nini?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza olu vavanyo xa ufunyaniswa une-HIV okokuqala. Luza kukuxelela ukuba uqala kangakanani na ukuvavanya umzimba wakho. Emva koko, uza kuvavanywa kwakhona emva kweenyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuba uqalise i-ART. Kulapho baya kubona ukuba unyango luyasebenza na.

Emva koko, ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu . Nangona kunjalo, olu cwangciso lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho. Kunye nolu vavanyo, uya kucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-CD4 cell count, olulinganisa amandla enkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba.

Lwenziwa njani uvavanyo?

Olu luvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu. Isampulu yegazi lakho iyathathwa ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu ize ivavanywe kusetyenziswa indlela ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) .

Le ndlela ivumela ukulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo komthwalo wentsholongwane.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lovavanyo?

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba wenze naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo loku. Ungatya kwaye usele ngendlela eqhelekileyo, usele amayeza akho emihla ngemihla, uze uye kuvavanyo.

Kwilabhoratri, umongikazi okanye ingcali iza kusebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthatha isampuli yegazi kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci xa inaliti ifakwa kwaye isuswa, kodwa ihlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela. Emva koko isampuli yegazi ithunyelwa ukuze ivavanywe.

Iingozi zokutsalwa kwegazi ziphantsi kakhulu, kodwa kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:

• Ndiziva ngathi ndingumntu othanda izinto ezingaqhelekanga
• Inxeba elijika libe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye libonakala ngathi lihlwili legazi (i-hematoma) kwindawo yokulunywa
• Usulelo (oku kwenzeka rhoqo)
• Ukopha kuyaqhubeka.

Zithetha ukuthini ixabiso elikwingxelo yovavanyo?

Iziphumo zakho ziya kuxelwa "ngeekopi/mL." Le yindlela ezingaphi iikopi zentsholongwane ezikwimililitha yegazi. Eli xabiso linokusukela kwiikopi ezingama-20/mL ukuya kwikopi ezingama-100,000/mL.

Kodwa into ebalulekileyo apha asikokujonga ixabiso elinye, kodwa kukubona ukuba ixabiso lakho liyehla okanye liyanyuka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane uyancipha, oko kuthetha ukuba i-ART yakho isebenza kakuhle. Ukuba iyanda, ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka acinge ngokutsha ngonyango lwakho.

Masichaze la maxabiso ngakumbi kwitheyibhile engezantsi.

Ngaba "ukungabonakali" kuthetha ukuba i-HIV inyangiwe?

Ngoko ke, nokuba ufikelela kwinqanaba elingabonakaliyo, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele ubomi bakho bonke. Ukungabonakali kuthetha ukuba amayeza akho asebenza kakuhle, usempilweni entle, kwaye awunako ukosulela omnye umntu nge-HIV ngesondo.

Wenza ntoni xa ufumana ingxelo kwaye ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki?

Kudla ngokuthatha iveki okanye ezimbini ukuba ingxelo ifike. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba uza kuyifumana nini ingxelo kwaye ungayifumana njani. Xa ufumana ingxelo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nexabiso elikuyo. Uza kukuchazela ukuba ithetha ukuthini kunye nesicwangciso sakho sonyango sexesha elizayo.

Ukuba kukho iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngentlungu, ukudumba, okanye ubomvu kwindawo apho igazi litsalwa khona, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba umthamo wentsholongwane weqabane lam awubonakali, ngaba ndifanele ndithathe i-PrEP?

Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. I-PrEP (i-Pre-exposure prophylaxis) liyeza elinokuthathwa kwangaphambili ngumntu ongenalo i-HIV ukuthintela usulelo.

Ukuba iqabane lakho line-HIV, kwaye umthamo walo wentsholongwane ubusoloko ungafumaneki ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6, kwaye lithatha amayeza alo ngokuchanekileyo, awukho sengozini yokudlulisela i-HIV ngokwesondo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthamo wakhe wentsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha ungaphezulu kwamanqanaba angabonakaliyo, okanye ukuba ngamanye amaxesha uyaphoswa ngamayeza akhe, kukhuselekile ukuba uthathe i-PrEP. Esi sisigqibo ekufuneka sixoxwe phakathi kwakho nogqirha wakho. Uza kukunika icebiso elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Umthamo wentsholongwane ye-HIV sisilinganiselo sendlela esebenza ngayo i-HIV emzimbeni wakho. Olu vavanyo sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esinceda ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge impilo yakho kunye nempumelelo yonyango lwakho. Ukuba iyeza elinye alisebenzi, kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezinokunceda ukunciphisa umthwalo wentsholongwane yakho. Ngoko ke ungaze ulahle ithemba.