Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci ubhajwa ngequbuliso xa ezama ukudibanisa amagama aze athethe kakuhle? Mhlawumbi uphinda unobumba okanye igama elifanayo elifana nelithi “a-a-amma”? Okanye urhuqa unobumba wokuqala wegama elifana nelithi “sss…izihlangu”? Njengomama okanye utata, kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ubona ezi zinto. Abazali abaninzi bayakhathazeka ngale nto. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Stittering'`.
Yintoni kanye kanye ukuthintitha?
Ngamafutshane, ukuthintitha kukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho esiqhelekileyo kunye nokuthamba kwentetho. Nangona kunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci abafunda ukudibanisa amagama kunye nokwenza izivakalisi. Le meko idla ngokuqala phakathi kweenyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-24 ubudala kwaye inokuhlala malunga neminyaka emi-5. Ixhaphake kancinci kubafana kunamantombazana.
Cinga njengabantwana abafunda ulwimi olutsha. Ingqondo yabo izama ukunxibelelana nezihlunu zomlomo wabo ukuze ivelise amagama. Kuqhelekile ukuba kubekho iziphazamiso ezincinci kunye nokungaqondani ngeli xesha.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukutyibilika komntwana akubonisi ukuba akanangqondo okanye unempazamo kwindlela onyanyekelwa ngayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yokukhula komntwana.
Ukuba uthatha abantwana aba-5, malunga nomntwana omnye kwabangama-20 uya kuba nolu hlobo lobunzima bokuthetha ngaxa lithile ebomini bakhe. Kwakhona, malunga nomntwana omnye kwabangama-20 uya kuba nengxaki yokungathintitha ehlala ixesha elingaphezu kweenyanga ezi-6. Kodwa nokuba iyenzeka, akufuneki ukuba ibe yingxaki yobomi bonke. Malunga nama-50% - 80% abantwana baya kukhula ngokupheleleyo xa befikelela ebudaleni. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku kwaye uphendule umntwana ngokuchanekileyo.
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubonakala xa umntwana etyibilika. Ezi zinokwanda ngamanye amaxesha xa umntwana ediniwe, exhalabile, okanye onwabile kakhulu.
| Iimpawu ezibonakaliswayo xa uthetha | Iimpawu zomzimba eziboniswa ngaxeshanye |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuqala igama okanye isivakalisi. | Ukuqhwanyaza kwamehlo ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukuphinda-phinda unobumba ofanayo, igama, okanye inxalenye yegama (umz., “me-me-me”). | Ukungcangcazela komlomo okanye umhlathi. |
| Ukwandisa isandi kwigama (umz. “Aaaah…asai”). | Ukunqwala intloko xa uthetha. |
| Ukuma okanye ukuthi cwaka phakathi kwelizwi ngelixa uthetha. | Ukuqina kwemisipha ebusweni okanye emzimbeni ongaphezulu. |
| Ukwenza izandi ezongezelelweyo ezifana no-“um” kunye no-“ah” ngaphambi kokuba uqhubekele kwigama elilandelayo. | Ukubotshwa ngeminwe. |
| Ukuziva usoyika kwaye uxhalabile malunga nokuthetha. | Ukuphazamiseka kobuso. |
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokuthintitha?
Ukuthintitha kunokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili.
1. Ukuthintitha Kophuhliso:Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Luvela xa abantwana bephuhlisa izakhono zabo zokuthetha nezolwimi phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 ne-8. Aba bantwana badla ngokungathethi kakhulu xa bethetha bodwa, becula iingoma, okanye befunda incwadi. Nangona kunjalo, lunokwanda xa bethetha phambi kweqela labantu okanye bethetha kwifowuni.
2. Ukuthintitha okubangelwa yi-neurogenic : Oku akuvamile kakhulu. Kunokwenzeka emva kokwenzakala engqondweni (ukuwa, ingozi yemoto), okanye i-stroke .
3. Ukuthintitha Okubangelwa Yingqondo: Oku kunqabile kakhulu kwaye kunokubonwa kubantu abadala abaye bahlangabezana noxinzelelo olukhulu okanye abanesifo sengqondo.
Zithini izizathu zokuthintitha?
Akukho sizathu sinye sokuthintitha, kodwa iingcali zibonisa izinto ezine ezinokubangela ukuba kube njalo.
- Imbali yosapho : Ama-60% abantu abathintithayo banelungu losapho elinalo okanye elikhe laba nalo le meko. Ke ngoko, kukholelwa ukuba kunokubakho impembelelo yemfuza.
- Uphuhliso lomntwana: Abantwana abanezinye iingxaki zokuthetha okanye zolwimi basengozini enkulu yokuthintitha.
- I-Neurophysiology : Kufunyenwe ukuba iindawo zengqondo ezibandakanyeka kulwimi kwabanye abantwana abathintithayo zisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneyomntwana oqhelekileyo. Oku kunokuphazamisana nonxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo kunye nezihlunu ezibandakanyekayo kwintetho.
- Imeko-bume yosapho: Kukho inkolelo yokuba ulindelo oluphezulu kunye nendlela yokuphila ekhawulezayo yabazali inokuba nefuthe elithile ekuthinintitheni kwabanye abantwana.
Ngaphambili, abantu babecinga ukuba ukuthintitha kubangelwa kukwenzakala engqondweni. Kodwa oko kudla ngokuba yinto engafanelekanga.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga nokungakwazi komntwana wakho ukuthetha, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho.Ungaze ulibazise. Yeyona nto ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo onokuyenza. Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwi -Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP) egxile koku.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba uziva ngathi ukugquma kwakho kuya kusiba mandundu imihla ngemihla.
- Ukuba ukuthintitha kuhamba nezinye iintshukumo zobuso okanye zomzimba (umz., ukuvala amehlo, ukunqwala intloko).
- Ukuba kubonakala ngathi uzama kakhulu kwaye uyasokola ukuthetha.
- Ukuba uzama ukuphepha iimeko apho kufuneka uthethe (umz. esikolweni, phambi kwezalamane).
- Ukuba isandi selizwi lakho siyanda xa usithintitha.
- Ukuba umntwana uyaqhubeka nokungakwazi ukuthetha emva kokuba eneminyaka emi-5 ubudala .
Izinto onokuzenza njengabazali
Ukongeza kunyango, zininzi izinto onokuzenza njengomzali ukunceda umntwana wakho. Ezi zinokunceda kakhulu ekwakheni ukuzithemba komntwana wakho.
- Mamela ngononophelo: Xa umntwana wakho ethetha, mamela ngononophelo ngaphandle kokubonisa ukungxamiseka okanye uchulumanco. Mjonge emehlweni njengoko uthetha . Yazisa umntwana wakho ukuba umamele ngomonde.
- Musa ukugqiba izivakalisi: Xa umntwana wakho ebambekile, musa ukuzama ukugqiba isivakalisi sakhe ngokubiza igama afuna ukulithetha. Mvumele azame ngokwakhe.
- Yenza imeko-bume ezolileyo: Gcina imeko-bume yasekhaya izolile kwaye ingenazinto ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Zibekele ixesha lokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nomntwana wakho, kude nezinto ezifana nomabonwakude kunye nefowuni. Itafile yesidlo sangokuhlwa yindawo entle yokwenza oku.
- Musa ukumnyanzela: Musa ukumnyanzela umntwana wakho ukuba athethe okanye acule phambi kwabanye. Ukuba uziva engakhululekanga, liphephe eli thuba.
- Musa ukunika ingcebiso: Musa ukunika ingcebiso efana nokuthi ‘thatha umoya onzulu’, ‘thetha kancinci’, ‘yeka uqale kwakhona’. Nokuba ezi zinto zinenjongo entle, zinokwenza umntwana azive exhalabile nangakumbi kwaye engakhululekanga.
- Yiba ngumzekelo omhle: Xa uthetha nomntwana wakho, thetha kancinci, ngokuzolileyo nangokucacileyo . Umntwana wakho usenokufunda ukuthetha ngaloo ndlela.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo ngokuthintitha:Ukuba umntwana wakho ubuza imibuzo ngale nto, ungoyiki ukuthetha into elula neqondakalayo, efana nokuthi, "Ewe, nyana, ngamanye amaxesha ndiyaxakeka xa ndithetha. Kwenzeka kubantu abaninzi, kwaye akuyonto inkulu leyo."
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuthintitha kuqhelekile xa abantwana befunda ukuthetha. Kubantwana abaninzi, oku kuya kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Oku akubangelwa kukunqongophala kwengqondo yomntwana okanye ukunyanyekelwa kwakho.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukumphulaphula umntwana ngomonde nokumxhasa ngothando ngaphandle kokumcinezela.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho, ungabi nantloni okanye ungoyiki ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha wakho . Ukungenelela kwangoko kunokubonelela ngesiqabu esikhulu kumntwana wakho.
Ukuthintitha, ukuthintitha ngesiSinhala, ukuthintitha komntwana, ubunzima bokuthetha, unyango lokuthetha,ukuthintitha ngesiSinhala , impilo yabantwana
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