Xa uvavanywa igazi, ngaba ugqirha ukuxelela ukuba "inqanaba le-calcium egazini lakho liphezulu kancinci"? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa usiva loo nto. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Le meko yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-hypercalcemia ngokwezonyango. Ngamafutshane, kuthetha ukuba une-calcium eninzi egazini lakho kunokuba kufanele ukuba njalo. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela enobuhlobo namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-hypercalcemia?
I-calcium ibalulekile emizimbeni yethu, ingakumbi ekuqiniseni amathambo namazinyo ethu. Ikwafuneka nakwinkqubo yethu yemithambo -luvo kunye nezihlunu ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na enye into, i-calcium eninzi emzimbeni ayilunganga.
Ukuba inqanaba le-calcium egazini lakho liphezulu kancinci, usenokungaziboni iimpawu. Kodwa njengoko inqanaba lisanda, umzimba wethu uzama ukususa le calcium ingaphezulu kumchamo. Ngoko ke ungafumana izinto ezinje:
- Isidingo sokuchama rhoqo.
- Ukuziva unxaniwe ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.
Ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium aphezulu kakhulu, anokuchaphazela inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo, nto leyo enokubangela ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ade aphelelwe lithemba .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba le meko ayinyangwa, ekugqibeleni inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa ngamathambo, amatye ezintso, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, kunye nesifo sentliziyo . Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku, uthethe nogqirha wakho, kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afunekayo.
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zoku?
Nangona kukho izizathu ezingaphezu kwama-25 zokuba ne-calcium ephezulu egazini, i-90% yazo ibangelwa zizizathu ezibini eziphambili.
1. Ii-Parathyroid Glands ezisebenza kakhulu
Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo ebangela i-hypercalcemia. Ii-parathyroid glands zii-glands ezine ezincinci ezikwintamo yethu, emva kwe-thyroid gland . Zisebenza njenge-thermostat elawula i-calcium.
Xa inqanaba le-calcium egazini lincipha, la madlala akhupha i-parathyroid hormone (PTH).I-PTH iyaveliswa. Le hormone inika imiqondiso emathanjeni ethu ukuba "akhuphe i-calcium engaphezulu egazini," izintso zethu "zinciphise ukukhutshwa kwe-calcium emchameni," kwaye amathumbu ethu "afunxe i-calcium engaphezulu ekutyeni."
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba elinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi gland lisebenza kakhulu, livelisa i-PTH engaphezulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Oku kunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium egazini anyuke ngokungeyomfuneko. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwanda kwamagland okanye ukwakheka kwethumba elingelona umhlaza.
Ukuba une-Hypercalcemia ngenxa yesi sizathu, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Uxinzelelo
- Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo
- Isitshiso sentliziyo
- Iingxaki zokulala
- Intlungu emathanjeni nakwimisipha
- Ukudinwa rhoqo
Njengonyango, ugqirha wakho uhlala ecebisa ukuba kususwe i-gland okanye amadlala achaphazelekayo ngotyando. Ukuba imeko ayimbi kakhulu, ungayijonga imeko yakho ngokujonga rhoqo amanqanaba akho e-calcium, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nempilo yezintso.
2. Umhlaza
I-Hypercalcemia inokwenzeka kwi-10%-30% yezigulane ezinomhlaza. Oku kungenxa yeminye imhlaza:
- Amathambo anokwaphuka, akhuphe ikhalsiyam egazini.
- Inokuvelisa into esebenza njenge-PTH hormone kwaye ibonise ukukhululwa kwe-calcium emathanjeni.
- Ingachaphazela ukusebenza kwezintso kwaye inciphise ubungakanani bekhalsiyam ekhutshwa kumchamo.
Iindidi zomhlaza ezixhaphake kakhulu kwi-hypercalcemia zezi:
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
- Umhlaza wezintso
- Umhlaza webele
- I-Multiple myeloma - Uhlobo lomhlaza wegazi oluqala kumongo wethambo.
I-Hypercalcemia ebangelwa ngumhlaza inokuba nzima ukuyilawula. Eyona nto iphambili kukuyinyanga le mhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjenge-"Bisphosphonates" okanye "Denosumab" njenge-intravenous (IV) okanye i-injection yokulawula ukukhutshwa kwe-calcium emathanjeni.
Indlela iivithamini kunye nezongezo ezichaphazela ngayo
Ngamanye amaxesha iivithamini kunye nezongezo esizisebenzisayo nazo zinokuba ngunobangela woku.
| Isongezelelo / iVithamin | Indlela echaphazela ngayo |
|---|---|
| Izongezo zeCalcium kunye neeAntacids | Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu nangokude kweepilisi ze-antacids kunye ne-calcium ezisetyenziselwa i-gastritis kunokubangela ukwanda kwe-calcium egazini. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi- (Milk-alkali syndrome) . Oku kungonakalisa nezintso. |
| IVithamin D | I-Vitamin D inceda imizimba yethu ukuba ifunxe i-calcium. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthatha iidosi eziphezulu kakhulu ze-vitamin D kangangeenyanga eziliqela (umzekelo, i-60,000 IU ngosuku), amanqanaba akho e-calcium anokuba phezulu kakhulu. Awufumani i-vitamin D eninzi kangaka ekutyeni okuqhelekileyo okanye elangeni. |
| Ivithamini A | Ukusela i-vitamin A eninzi kunokubangela ukuba i-calcium eninzi ikhutshwe emathanjeni ize iqokelele egazini. |
Khumbula, ukuba uthatha naziphi na iivithamini okanye izongezo, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo. Musa ukuqala okanye ukuyeka nantoni na ngaphandle kokuthetha naye kuqala.
Ezinye izizathu kunye neengxamiseko
Ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (umz., i-thiazide diuretics) kunye namayeza esifo sengqondo, njenge-lithium, anokunyusa amanqanaba e-calcium.
- I-Genetics: Kunqabile kakhulu, oku kunokubangelwa yimeko ye-genetic ebizwa ngokuba yi-Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia (FHH).
- Iimeko zempilo: Izifo zemiphunga ezifana nesifo sephepha, iimeko ezifana ne-thyroid esebenza kakhulu.
- Ukungawuvali umzimba: Le meko inokwenzeka nakubantu abahlala ebhedini ixesha elide ngenxa yemeko efana nokungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle okanye esinye isifo. Isizathu soku kukuba xa amathambo engaziva ubunzima bomzimba, i-calcium iyakhutshwa emathanjeni.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu: Xa kungekho manzi aneleyo emzimbeni, izintso azikwazi ukukhupha i-calcium engaphezulu.
Kuxa kutheni xa oku kungxamisekile?
Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-calcium egazini lomntu omdala kufuneka libe phakathi kwe-8.5 - 10.3 mg/dL. Ukuba eli nqanaba liphezulu kakhulu, yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ukudideka okukhulu, intloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, okanye iintlungu zesisu eziqatha , oko kungaba luphawu lwemeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypercalcemia. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko . Apho, unganikwa ulwelo lwe-IV kunye namayeza okulawula ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba akho e-calcium.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hypercalcemia lizinga eliphezulu le-calcium egazini. Idla ngokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.
- Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yile ngxaki ngamadlala e-parathyroid okanye umhlaza, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo.
- Musa ukoyika ukuba ufumanisa ukuba i-calcium egazini lakho iphezulu. Thetha nogqirha wakho, fumana unobangela, kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Musa ukusebenzisa naziphi na iivithamini, iipilisi zekhalsiyam, okanye ezinye izongezo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nokudideka okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, yimeko engxamisekileyo leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
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