Ngaba imiphunga yakho nayo inovelwano kwi-allergies? Makhe sithethe nge-(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha unengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye ukukhwehlela nje? Mhlawumbi imiphunga yakho inovelwano kwiingceba zothuli okanye umngundo kwindawo osebenza kuyo okanye ekhaya. Leyo yimeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis". Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.

Yintoni le `(i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis yi-allergy reaction kwiingxowa zomoya ezincinci ezikwimiphunga yakho (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli). Njengokuba imizimba yethu ngamanye amaxesha isabela kwinto eyingozi kuthi, imiphunga yethu nayo isabela kwizinto ezithile. Ezi mpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso (ngokukhawulezileyo) zize ziphele ngokukhawuleza, okanye zinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zibe zingapheliyo .

Ngoku ucinga, "Owu... ingaba oku kufana nje nokunganyamezelani nothuli okanye ipollen?" Akunjalo ngokwenene. I-hypersensitivity pneumonitis luhlobo olwahlukileyo lokuphendula komzimba kune-allergy eqhelekileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nokunganyamezelani okuqhelekileyo okubangela iimpumlo ezivuzayo, amehlo arhawuzelelayo, kunye ne-asthma, le yimeko apho ukuvezwa rhoqo kwi-allergen kunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade emiphungeni. Ngoko ke le yinto ekufuneka uyilumkele.

I-Hypersensitivity engapheliyo I-Pneumonitis ingena kuluhlu lwezifo zemiphunga eziphakathi kwexesha . Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwemiphunga.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana isifo se-hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Nangona le meko inokuvela nakubani na, abantu abasebenza kwimisebenzi ethile kwaye bahlala bechatshazelwa zizinto ezithile ezibangela i-allergy basengozini enkulu kancinci. Jonga ukuba usemngciphekweni na:

• Abantu abasebenza kwiifama: njengabo balusa iinkomo kwaye balima imifuno. Ngamanye amaxesha kuba bahlala bechatshazelwa zizinto ezifana nengca nothuli.
• Abantu abasebenza nezilwanyana: Oogqirha bezilwanyana, abantu abakhulisa izilwanyana ezifana neentaka, iinkukhu, njl. Ngenxa yezinto ezifana neentsiba zeentaka kunye neentsiba.
• Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo apho iinkozo okanye umgubo zigayiwa okanye zilayishwa khona: kwiindawo ezifana nee-paddy mills kwilizwe lethu.
• Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo zokusika amaplanga kunye neenkuni eziqhekezayo.
• Abantu kwiindawo ezivelisa iibhodi zodonga kunye nephepha.
• Abasebenzi besinyithi.
• Abantu abachaphazeleka yingcongconi yeentaka kunye neentsiba: Ukusebenzisa imiqamelo kunye neematrasi ezizaliswe ziintsiba nako kungaba ngunobangela woku.
• Abantu abaphefumla izinto ezibangela i-allergens ezivela kwii-humidifiers ezingagcinwanga kakuhle, kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza nezomoya, okanye kwiibhafu ezishushu.
• Ngokwesiqhelo baphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-70 ubudala.

Khawucinge nje, kwezinye izindlu, iintaka ezifana neeparrot zakha izidleke. Ukuba ezo zidleke azicocwanga kakuhle, le meko inokubangelwa kukuphefumla uthuli kunye ne-pollen ephuma kuzo.

Ngaba i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis yimeko enzulu?

Ewe, `(I-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` yimeko enokuba yingozi ngamanye amaxesha . Kuba, ukuba uhlala ujongene ne-allergen, ukudumba kwimiphunga kunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu.

Oku `(i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` kuyichaphazela njani imizimba yethu?

Ukuba une-"Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis", umzimba wakho usabela ngokugqithisileyo kwiisuntswana ezithile ezincinci (esizibiza ngokuba zii-"allergens") oziphefumlayo. Ezi ntlobo ze-allergen zihlala zivela kwindawo osebenza kuyo okanye ekhaya. Ezi suntswana zincinci kangangokuba zinokungena kwiingxowa zomoya ezincinci (i-alveoli) emiphungeni yakho zize zibangele ukudumba apho.

Xa uqala ukusabela kwi-allergen, inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela yenza iikhemikhali eziyiqondayo. Emva koko, njengoko udibana ne-allergen kwakhona, umzimba wakho uba novelwano ngakumbi kwaye uqala ukusabela kakhulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku konakalisa ii-air sacs (alveoli) kunye neendlela zomoya ezincinci ezidibana nazo. Yiloo nto ebangela iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla nokukhwehlela.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Ezi mpawu zinokuba zezikhawulezileyo okanye ezingapheliyo.

Iimpawu ze-acute `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`:

Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokuchaphazeleka yi-allergen kwaye zinokuhlala iiyure ezininzi okanye iintsuku.

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
• Ukukhwehlela okomileyo
• Ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuziva ngathi kukho into evalekileyo
• Ukugodola
• Ukudinwa okukhulu
• Ifiva
• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha

Ndivakalelwa ngathi ndinomkhuhlane. Umzimba wam uziva unzima ngequbuliso.

Iimpawu ze-Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis:

Ezi mpawu zibonakala kancinci kancinci, zikhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ingakumbi xa udiniwe okanye uzilolonga
• Ukukhwehlela (mhlawumbi kunye ne-phlegm)
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuhla ukusinda
• Iincam zomnwe okanye zonzwane ezikhulisiweyo (Ukudibanisa imisipha) - Oku akwenzeki kuwo wonke umntu.

Uziva njani xa ufumana `(i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

I-Acute `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` isenokuvakala ngathi ngumkhuhlane. `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` engapheliyo inokuba nzima ukuyibona kuba ikhula kancinci kancinci. Ungaphawula, "Kubonakala ngathi ndinengxaki yokuphefumla ngoku kunangaphambili," "Ukukhwehlela kwam nokudinwa kubonakala ngathi kuya kusiba mandundu."

Yintoni ebangela i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Eyona nto ibangela i-hypersensitivity pneumonitis kukuphefumla izinto (ii-allergens) ezibangela i-allergy emiphungeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kungonakalisa imiphunga kwaye kwenze iimpawu zibe mandundu. Kuye kwachongwa izinto ezingaphezu kwama-300 ezibangela i-hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Ezi ziquka:

• Iintsholongwane
• Iinkuni kunye neefungi: Ezi zinokufumaneka kwiindonga ezindala, kwiindawo zokuhlambela, nakwiiyunithi ze-AC ezingacocwanga kakuhle.
• Iikhemikhali ezithile kunye neesinyithi.
• Iiproteni zezilwanyana nezityalo: Umzekelo, iiproteni ezifumaneka kwiintsiba zeentaka kunye nendle yezilwanyana.

Eminye imizekelo ye-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`:

Kukho amagama ahlukeneyo eentlobo ze-"Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis" ezibangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezibangela i-allergens. Umzekelo:

• Umphunga woMlimi: Ubangelwa kukubola okufumaneka kwizinto ezifana nengca kunye neenkozo.
• I-Bird Fancier's Lung: Ibangelwa ziiproteni ezifumaneka kwiintsiba zeentaka kunye neentsiba.
• I-Humidifier Lung: Ibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye neefungi ezikhutshwa kwi-humidifiers ezicociweyo kunye neeyunithi ze-AC.

Ngaba i-COVID-19 ibangela i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Ngokweenkcukacha zangoku, `(COVID-19)` ayingonobangela ngqo we `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`. Nangona kunjalo, `(COVID-19)` inokubangela ukudumba kwemiphunga, okunokuthi ngamanye amaxesha kubonakale njenge `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`. Kukwakho nobungqina bokuba ukuba umntu osele enayo `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` uba ne `(COVID-19)`, loo meko inokuba mandundu ngakumbi.

Ifunyanwa njani i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Ugqirha uza kuxilonga i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, ulwazi malunga nomsebenzi wakho, indawo ohlala kuyo, uvavanyo lomzimba, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi. Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo ukuze aqonde ukuba zeziphi izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukuzinyamezela.

Ugqirha uza kumamela imiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope, ajonge amanqanaba e-oksijini yakho ngesixhobo esincinci (i-'pulse oximeter') esibekwe emnweni wakho, kwaye angenza uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga, uvavanyo lwegazi, okanye uvavanyo lwemifanekiso.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga `(i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Ukuqinisekisa le meko, ugqirha angenza ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi olubangelwa kukunganyamezelani komzimba: Kuthathwa igazi elincinci engalweni yakho ukuze kubonwe ukuba umzimba wakho unempendulo kwi-allergens ebangela i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba yi-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis panel.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ii-X-ray zesifuba kunye nee-CT scans zithatha imifanekiso yemiphunga ukuze zibone ukuba akukho monakalo na.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwephaphu: Olu vavanyo ludla ngokubandakanya ukuphefumla ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngetyhubhu eqhagamshelwe kumatshini. Lunokulinganisa ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Lunokubandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lokuzilolonga.
• I-Bronchoscopy: Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo (enekhamera) ngempumlo okanye ngomlomo ukuze kujongwe ngaphakathi kwemiphunga. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iisampuli zingathathwa ukuze zivavanywe.

Iphathwa njani i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

Ukuze unyange ngempumelelo i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha ngokupheleleyo i-allergen onayo.

Nokuba usebenzisa amayeza, ukuba uqhubeka ujongene ne-allergen, esi sifo asiyi kuphinda sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo. Umonakalo obangelwa yi-"Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis" engapheliyo ngamanye amaxesha unokuqhubeka usanda, nokuba uhlala kude ne-allergen.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okunciphisa ukudumba kwimiphunga yakho, ukuvula iindlela zomoya, okanye ukwandisa amanqanaba e-oxygen yakho.

Ngawaphi amayeza/unyango olusetyenziswa kwi-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

• Ii-corticosteroids okanye amayeza okunciphisa ukuvuvukala: La anciphisa ukudumba. Umzekelo, amayeza anjenge-prednisone, i-mycophenolate, okanye i-azathioprine anokunikwa.
• Amayeza okulwa ne-fibrotic: Umzekelo, i-pirfenidone kunye ne-nintedanib. La mayeza anciphisa izinga lokuqhekeka kwemiphunga.
• Ukuvuselelwa kweMiphunga: Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla kunye nonyango lomzimba kunceda ekwenzeni ukuphefumla kube lula.
• Unyango lweoksijini: Ukuba une-pneumonitis ebukhali, unokufuna ukunikwa ioksijini eyongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi lakho kunye nezicubu zakho zifumana ioksijini eyaneleyo. Oku kungenziwa ngemaski ebekwe ebusweni bakho okanye ngetyhubhu ebekwe empumlweni yakho.
• Ukufakelwa imiphunga: Ukuba i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis yakho iqhubekela kwi- pulmonary fibrosis , unokufuna ukufakelwa imiphunga.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango?

Ukudumba okubangelwa yi-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba imiphunga iphole. Omnye umonakalo unokuba ngowonaphakade.

Ngaba i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

I-pneumonia ebangelwa kukunganyamezelani okungapheliyo idla ngokuba nzima ukuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-pneumonia ebangelwa kukunganyamezelani okukhawulezileyo kunye ne-subacute (yexesha elifutshane) inokunyangwa ngamayeza okanye ngaphandle kwawo ukuba uyayiphepha ngokupheleleyo i-allergen.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Umonakalo obangelwe yi-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` engapheliyo awunakuguqulwa. Ke ngoko, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuhlala kude nezinto ezibangela ukudumba emiphungeni. Ukuba kufuneka ube kwindawo enjalo, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Ukuba usebenza kumsebenzi onobungozi (ukusebenza ngentsimbi, ukusebenza neentaka okanye ezinye izilwanyana, ukusebenza ngomthi, iphepha, iinkozo, njl.njl.), nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE) xa usebenza. Sebenzisa ngakumbi imaski ehluza amasuntswana amancinci.
• Gcina izinto zokufumisa umoya, iibhafu ezishushu, iinkqubo zokufudumeza nezokupholisa zicocekile kwaye zikwimeko entle.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa imiqamelo kunye neematrasi ezizele ziintsiba.
• Gcina iindawo zezilwanyana zasekhaya zakho zicocekile (ingakumbi iikheyiji zeentaka). Nxiba imaski xa uzicoca.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Oko unokukulindela kuxhomekeke ekubeni unexesha elingakanani une-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis kunye nokuba imbi kangakanani.

• I-"Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis" ebukhali idla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kokuba umntu uphinde wadibana ne-allergen.
• I-Subacute ``Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis`` (ebangelwa kukuvezwa rhoqo kwi-allergen) inokuhlala iinyanga ezininzi kwaye idla ngokuphathwa ngamayeza.
• I-Hypersensitivity engapheliyo I-Pneumonitis ayinyangeki ngokupheleleyo, kodwa iimpawu zinokulawulwa ngamayeza.

Iingxaki ze-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`

Ukuqhubeka ujongene ne-allergen ebangela i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu, eziquka:

• Ukuvaleka kwemiphunga (i-pulmonary fibrosis)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu phakathi kwentliziyo nemiphunga (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu oluvela kwimiphunga)

Injani imeko yesifo `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Imbonakalo ye-chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis ixhomekeke kubungakanani bomonakalo kwimiphunga yakho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuba imiphunga yakho ayinazibazi, ungenza inkqubela enkulu kungekapheli nonyaka emva kokufunyaniswa kwayo. Abantu abanezibazi kwimiphunga yabo basengozini yokufa ngenxa ye-hypersensitivity pneumonitis kwiminyaka embalwa ukuba abafumani utyando lwemiphunga. Oku kunokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi olu lwazi.

Lingakanani ixesha lokuphila komntu one-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Oku kuxhomekeke nakwimeko yomonakalo owenzekileyo emiphungeni. Ukufakelwa imiphunga kungayandisa le mizuzu.

• Kumntu ongenazibazi (ongenazo i-fibrosis): Ubomi obulindelekileyo obungaphezu kweminyaka eli-15 emva kokuxilongwa.
• Kumntu onezibazi kodwa engenawo omnye umonakalo emaphaphu (umz., ukuhluma kweenkabi):Malunga neminyaka esi-8 emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo.
• Kumntu onomonakalo omkhulu - amanxeba kunye 'nobusi obuqhekekileyo': malunga neminyaka emi-3 emva kokuxilongwa.

Musa ukothuka zezi zibalo. Ezi ziimeko eziqhelekileyo. Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela iingcebiso zonyango.

Ndingazinyamekela njani xa ndine-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze niyile isicwangciso sokunciphisa umonakalo ongakumbi kwimiphunga yakho. Thatha onke amayeza njengoko kuyalelwe. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nemithambo kunye nemithambo yokuphefumla onokuyenza ekhaya ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemiphunga yakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha malunga `(i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba sele unayo i-`(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`, bona ugqirha ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Yintoni eyabangela ukuba ndibe `(i-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?
• Ndingakuphepha njani i-allergen ebangela oku?
• Ingaba imiphunga yam yonakele? Imbi kangakanani?
• Ngaba le meko ingaguqulwa?
• Ndingayisebenzisa njani le yeza?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?
• Ndingabuya nini ndize kukubona kwakhona?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-hypersensitivity pneumonitis yimeko enokubangela umonakalo omkhulu emiphungeni emva kokuchatshazelwa rhoqo yi-allergen. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iqatshelwe kwangethuba, lo mjikelo unokumiswa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo ongenakuguqulwa. Ukuba uneempawu zemiphunga ezingapheliyo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, thetha nogqirha wakho ngobunzulu bemeko yakho. Oku kuya kukunceda uphuhlise isicwangciso sento omawuyilindele kunye nendlela yokuphucula ukuphefumla kwakho kunye nomgangatho wobomi bakho. Ungakhathazeki, le meko inokulawulwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo.

Uvakalelo oluphezulu I - Pneumonitis, i-allergy yemiphunga, isifo sokuphefumla, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ubunzima bokuphefumla, i-allergens, i-pneumonia