Ngaba unesihlungu esingapheliyo somqala, utshintsho kwilizwi lakho, okanye uvakalelwa ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho? Sihlala sizithatha njengeziqhelekileyo ezi zinto. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba ziimpawu zesimo esibi kakhulu kunokuba sicinga. Namhlanje sithetha ngomhlaza we-Hypopharyngeal , uhlobo lomhlaza womqala olungaqhelekanga kodwa olusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula necacileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni umhlaza we-Hypopharyngeal?
Lo ngumhlaza okhula kwinxalenye esezantsi yomphimbo wethu (pharynx), ngokukodwa ngasemva kwenxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yilarynx evelisa ilizwi lethu. Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba iiseli ezikuloo ndawo ziba zingaqhelekanga, zahlukane ngokungalawulekiyo, kwaye zenze amathumba. Enye yezona zinto ziyingozi ngolu hlobo lomhlaza kukuba lunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza (lusasazeka) kwezinye iindawo zomzimba . Kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba alubonisi zimpawu ziphambili kwizigaba zokuqala, abantu abaninzi banokulibaziseka kancinci ekuwufumaneni.
Kodwa lo asingomhlaza uxhaphakileyo. Umzekelo, xa uthelekiswa nomhlaza wemiphunga, esi sifo asixelwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona singaqhelekanga, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.
Zithini iimpawu zalo mhlaza?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kusenokungabikho zimpawu zibalulekileyo kwizigaba zokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko isifo siqhubeka, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokuvela. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbini, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho .
| Uphawu | Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga noku |
|---|---|
| Umphimbo obuhlungu okanye ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho | Ngokungafaniyo nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, le ntlungu ayipheli. |
| Ukurhawuzela | Utshintsho olubonakalayo kwilizwi lakho ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya | Ukuva intlungu okanye ukuziva uxinezelekile xa uginya ukutya okanye isiselo. |
| Intlungu yendlebe | Le ntlungu inokubangelwa yimithambo-luvo eqala emqaleni iye endlebeni. |
| Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo entanyeni | Isenokuba liqhuma elingenabuhlungu entanyeni. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukwenza ingxolo (stridor) | Ukuva isandi somlozi xa uphefumla. |
| Ukukhohlela igazi | Olu luphawu olunzima, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo | Ukuba unciphisa umzimba kakhulu ngaphandle kokuzama. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu onezi mpawu onomhlaza. Kodwa ukuba ziyaqhubeka, kububulumko ukuba zihlolwe.
Kutheni le nto lo mhlaza uvela? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Isizathu esichanekileyo salo mhlaza asikaziwa okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo eziye zachongwa ezonyusa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo.
- Ukutshaya: Le yeyona nto iphambili neyona ibangela umhlaza womqala. Oku akubandakanyi nje kuphela iicuba, iicuba, kunye nee-beedis, kodwa kuquka nayo yonke into efana nokuhlafuna icuba kunye nokusebenzisa i-snuff.
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo: Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantu abasela utywala yonke imihla nangobuninzi. Umngcipheko uphezulu nangakumbi ukuba usela utywala kunye nokutshaya.
- Usulelo lwe-HPV: I-HPV imele iHuman Papillomavirus. Sisisulelo esidluliselwa ngokwabelana ngesondo (STI). Le ntsholongwane inokungena emqaleni ngokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo nomntu osulelekileyo ize ibangele iiseli zomhlaza.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?
Xa ubona ugqirha onezi mpawu uzikhankanyileyo apha ngasentla, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nokuba sele zikho ixesha elingakanani. Basenokukubuza nangokutshaya kwakho nokusebenzisa kwakho utywala. Emva koko, baza kujonga intamo yakho ukuba ayinamaqhuqhuva.
Emva koko, mhlawumbi uza kuthunyelwa kwingcali yendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ENT), enokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
1. I-Endoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci enekhamera enamathele emqaleni wakho ukuze kuhlolwe inxalenye esezantsi yomqala wakho kunye ne-larynx. Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge naziphi na izifo zomhlaza.
2. I-Biopsy: Ukuba kurhanelwa ukuba kukho umhlaza, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu kuloo ndawo lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifana ne-"Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA)``. Le yindlela yokuqiniseka ngokupheleleyo ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza okanye azikho.
3. Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ukuba i-biopsy iqinisekisa ukuba kukho umhlaza, uvavanyo lwemifanekiso lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani na nokuba usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. I-CT scan, i-MRI scan, okanye i-PET scan ingasetyenziselwa oku.
Uvavanyo lomhlaza
Emva kokwenza zonke ezi mvavanyo, ugqirha we-oncologist uza kugqiba inqanaba kunye nomgangatho womhlaza wakho.
- Inqanaba: Oku kukuxelela ukuba umhlaza mkhulu kangakanani kwaye usasazeke kangakanani. Uhlulwe ukusuka kwiSigaba soku-1 (inqanaba lokuqala) ukuya kwiSigaba sesi-IV (inqanaba eliphambili kakhulu).
- Udidi: Oku kubhekisa kwindlela iiseli zomhlaza ezinokukhula kwaye zisasazeke ngayo ngokukhawuleza.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza wakho, ukuba usasazeke kangakanani, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Unyango oluphambili lutyando, unyango ngemitha, kunye ne-chemotherapy.
Utyando
Oku kuquka ukususa ngotyando ithumba elinomhlaza kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo.
- Ukususwa kwenxalenye okanye yonke intamo.
- Ukususwa kwe-larynx (ibhokisi yelizwi). Ukuba oku kwenziwe, kuya kufuneka ezinye iindlela zokuthetha nokuphefumla. Kuya kufuneka kwenziwe umngxuma osisigxina (stoma) entanyeni yakho ukuze uphefumle.
- Ukususwa kwentamo: Ukususwa kwee-lymph nodes entanyeni ukuba umhlaza usasazekile.
- Utyando lwerobhothi oluhamba ngomlomo (TORS): Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi ukususa iithumba kwiindawo ezingenakufikeleleka ngomlomo.
- Utyando lokwakha ngokutsha: Utyando lokubuyisela ukusebenza komzimba (ukunceda ukuginya ukutya, ukuthetha) emva kokuba kususwe iindawo zomqala.
Utyando lomphimbo lunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwindlela othetha ngayo, otya ngayo, nophefumlayo. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kotyando ukuze wazi yonke into ngokucacileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Lo mhlaza 'unokuphinda ubuye' emva konyango. Kukwakho nomngcipheko wokufumana umhlaza omtsha kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka uphantsi kweliso likagqirha nasemva konyango.
Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukucela ukuba uze kwintlanganiso yokulandelela ngeshedyuli ethile.
- Rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezimbini kunyaka wokuqala.
- Kanye kwiinyanga ezine kunyaka wesibini.
- Kanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu kunyaka wesithathu.
- Emva koko kube kanye ngonyaka kangangeminyaka emihlanu.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi mvavanyo zinokuba yimfuneko ebomini bonke.
Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuzikhusela kwesi sifo?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nalo mhlaza.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona, kuphephe ukuphefumla umsi otshayiweyo xa omnye umntu etshaya.
- Yeka ukusela utywala okanye unciphise kakhulu.
- Zikhusele kwintsholongwane ye-HPV. Ungayifumana i-HPV vaccine yoku. Uze ulandele iindlela zesondo ezikhuselekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu ongapheliyo, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ubunzima bokuginya. Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
- Ukutshaya kunye nokusela kakhulu utywala zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela umhlaza womqala. Ukuyeka le mikhwa kungasindisa ubomi bakho.
- Ukuba lo mhlaza ufunyanwa kwangethuba, amathuba okufumana unyango oluphumelelayo kunye nokunyangwa ayanda kakhulu.
- Ukuba unemibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo ngesi sifo, thetha ngaso ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Uza kukunika lonke ulwazi kunye nenkxaso oyifunayo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho