Ngaba sifanele sifunde nje ngezifo ezisulelayo esizifumanayo?

Owu, ngamanye amaxesha siziva sigula ngequbuliso, akunjalo? Siba nomkhuhlane, sifumane umkhuhlane, kwaye imizimba yethu iqala ukuba buhlungu. Olu hlobo lwezifo ludla ngokubangelwa zizinto ezincinci ezingena emizimbeni yethu zivela ngaphandle. Ezi zifo sizibiza ngokuba zizifo ezosulelayo . Ukuba siyazi ngezi, kulula ngathi ukuzikhusela kuzo size siphile ngokukhawuleza ukuba sizifumana.

Zithini ezi zifo zisulelayo? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, izifo ezisulelayo zizifo ezibangelwa zizinto eziphilayo eziyingozi (iintsholongwane) ezingena emizimbeni yethu zivela ngaphandle, okanye njengoko sizibiza njalo, iintsholongwane . Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane. Umzekelo, iintsholongwane , iibhaktheriya , iifungi , iiparasite , njl. Izinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziiprions nazo zinokubangela oku.

Khawucinge nje, sonke sikhe saba nesifo esosulelayo esifana nesi ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu. Xa umntu ekhohlela okanye ethimla, ezo ntsholongwane zinokungena emizimbeni yethu xa siziphefumlela. Ezi zinokusasazwa zizilwanyana ezifana neengcongconi, ngokutya ukutya okungcolileyo, okanye kwanayindalo esingqongileyo. Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane, izifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-COVID, ukudumba kwesisu, izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI), kunye ne-eczema emalungeni yimizekelo emihle yezi zifo zosulelayo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba ezi zifo ziyasulelana kwaye zinokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye .

Ngoko ke zithini izifo ezingosuleliyo?

Kukwakho nezifo ezahluke kancinci. Zibizwa ngokuba zizifo ezingezosuleleko . Ezi azibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Zinokubangelwa zizinto zemfuza, utshintsho kwisakhiwo somzimba, okanye ukwaluphala. Awunakufumana ezi zifo kwabanye abantu, kwizilwanyana, okanye ekutyeni. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nomhlaza, isifo seswekile, ukusilela kwentliziyo okuxineneyo, kunye nesifo sika-Alzheimer ziphantsi koluhlu lwezifo ezingosuleliyo.

Zeziphi iintlobo zeentsholongwane ezibangela izifo ezosulelayo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, izifo ezisulelayo zibangelwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane. Makhe sijonge loo nto ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

• Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ziziqwenga ezincinci zolwazi lwemfuza (i-DNA okanye i-RNA) ezivalelwe kwiqokobhe elikhuselayo. Zingena kwiiseli zethu zize zibangele izifo. Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, imasisi, i-chickenpox, i-dengue, kunye ne-COVID-19 zezinye zezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
• Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Iintsholongwane zizinto eziphilayo ezincinci, ezineseli enye. Ulwazi lwazo lwemfuza lufumaneka kwiqhekeza elincinci le-DNA . Ezinye iintsholongwane zilungile kuthi, kodwa ezinye zibangela ukugula. Iintsholongwane zinokubangela izinto ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu, isifo sephepha, kunye nosulelo lomchamo.
• Usulelo lwefungus:Iifungi zihlala eluswini lwethu nakwindalo esingqongileyo. Kodwa ukuba zikhula kakhulu okanye ziye apho zingafanele zihambe khona, zinokubangela izifo. Iifungi zibangela izifo zesikhumba, i-ringworm, kunye nosulelo lwe-candida.
• Iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane zizinto eziphilayo ezihlala emzimbeni wenye into eziphilayo kwaye zifumana ukutya kwazo neziselo kuloo nto iphilayo. I-Malaria, ii-hookworms, ii-pinworms, njl.njl. zibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
• Izifo zePrion: Ezi zizifo ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Zikwabizwa ngokuba yiTransmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) . Zibangelwa luhlobo lweproteni elwenziwa ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ezi proteni zineempazamo zikwaphula ezinye iiproteni ezilungileyo.

Zeziphi izifo ezisulelayo esizibona rhoqo?

Kukho amakhulu ezifo ezosulelayo. Kodwa nazi ezimbalwa zezona zixhaphakileyo ezichaphazela izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela:

• Okubandayo Okunye
• I-Covid-19 (i-COVID-19)
• Umkhuhlane
• Iimbongolo
• Usulelo lweHPV (Human Papillomavirus)
• I-Norovirus (intsholongwane ebangela ukudumba kwesisu)
• Iipinworms
• I-Ringworm (umz. unyawo lomdlali)
• I-RSV (i-Respiratory Syncytial Virus) (usulelo lwenkqubo yokuphefumla)
• Usulelo lomphimbo (umphimbo obuhlungu)
• Isifo sephepha

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho zezifo ezosulelayo?

Iimpawu zesifo esosulelayo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisifo . Umzekelo, usulelo lwefungus ludla ngokubonisa iimpawu kwindawo ethile yolusu, njengokurhawuzelela okanye ukuba bomvu. Nangona kunjalo, usulelo lwentsholongwane kunye nebhaktiriya lunokubangela iimpawu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukugodola
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu (urhudo, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza)
• Ukuziva udiniwe (Ukudinwa)
• Ifiva
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha
• Impumlo egobhozayo okanye exineneyo

Zithini izizathu zezifo ezisulelayo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, izifo ezosulelayo zibangelwa ziintsholongwane . Ezi ntsholongwane zingena ngokulula emzimbeni ngeendawo ezifana nemilomo yethu, iimpumlo, kunye namanxeba eluswini lwethu. Xa ezi ntsholongwane zingena emzimbeni, zonakalisa okanye zitshabalalisa iiseli zethu, kwaye inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela kuzo, sifumana iimpawu.

Zisasazeka njani ezi zifo zisulelayo?

Izifo ezosulelayo zisasazeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezinye zeendlela:

• Ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye: Xa umntu ekhohlela okanye ethimla, iintsholongwane zinokukhutshwa emoyeni zize ziphefumlwe ngumntu okufutshane, onokusuleleka.
• Ngokudibana ngokusondeleyo: ukwanga, isondo (ngomlomo, ngasemva okanye kwisini).
• Ngokusebenzisa izitya ezifanayo.
• Ukusuka kwiindawo ezingaphandle: Izibambo zomnyango, iifowuni, kunye neetafile zingcoliswa ziintsholongwane. Ukuba uzichukumisa uze uchukumise umlomo, impumlo, okanye amehlo, ungosuleleka.
• Ngokudibana nelindle lomntu okanye isilwanyana esinesifo.
• Ukusuka ekulunyweni zizinambuzane okanye ezinye izilwanyana: ukusuka kwizilwanyana ezifana neengcongconi, iintakumba, kunye neenkozo.
• Ukusuka ekutyeni naseziphuzweni ezingcolileyo okanye ezingaphekwanga kakuhle.
• Ukusebenza ngomhlaba okanye isanti equlethe iintsholongwane (umz. ukulima igadi).
• Ukusuka kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe ongekazalwa okanye kusana olusandul’ ukuzalwa (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -vertical transmission ).
• Ukususela kunyango lwezonyango olufana nokunikela ngegazi kunye nokufakelwa amalungu omzimba (ngoku ezi zilawulwa kakhulu).

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ukwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke aze umntu athimle, ungafumana ezo ntsholongwane. Okanye, ukuba uthenga ukutya evenkileni okungaphekwanga kakuhle, kunokubangela ukuba uqaqanjelwe sisisu. Kufuneka silumke ngakumbi ngezinto ezinje.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa zezi zifo?

Nabani na unokufumana isifo esosulelayo, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci:

• Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka: abantu abanomhlaza, abosulelwe yi-HIV, kunye nabo basebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba.
• Oomama abakhulelweyo.
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
• Abantu abasebenza kwinkonzo yezempilo.
• Abantu abahlala okanye abahambahambayo baya kwiindawo ezishushu nezishushu.

Kwakhona, lo mngcipheko uphezulu kubantwana abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala . Isizathu kukuba amajoni abo omzimba akakakhuli ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaba izifo ezisulelayo zingabangela iingxaki ezinkulu?

Uninzi lwezifo ezosulelayo zinokunyangeka lula. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu . Ezi ziquka:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ( ukugcinwa kwamanzi)
• I-Pneumonia ( usulelo lwemiphunga)
• I-Sepsis ( ityhefu yegazi)
• Ukudumba kwengqondo kunye nomqolo okanye izigqubuthelo zazo (i-encephalitis okanye i-meningitis)

Ezinye iintsholongwane zinokubangela umhlaza ofana nomhlaza wesibindi kunye nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le sifo?

Oogqirha badla ngokujonga iimpawu zakho, iimvavanyo zelebhu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukuze babone ukuba unesifo esosulelayo na. Ukukhangela iimpawu, ugqirha angenza izinto ezinje:

• Uvavanyo lwe-swab oluvela empumlweni okanye emqaleni.
• Ukuvavanya iisampuli zegazi, umchamo, ilindle, okanye amathe.
• I-biopsy luvavanyo olubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli encinci yolusu okanye olunye uhlobo lwezicubu.
• Ii-X-ray zeendawo zomzimba ezichaphazelekayoUvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana ne -CT scans okanye i-MRI scans (MRIs) .

Zinyangwa njani izifo ezosulelayo?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu semeko . Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ujonge iimpawu zakho endaweni yokukunika amayeza. Iindlela zonyango zingabandakanya:

• Ii-antibiotics zosulelo lweebhaktheriya.
• Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane (kodwa uninzi lwawo lunokulawulwa ekhaya ngamayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha).
• Amayeza okulwa nefungus (kuquka iilotion kunye neekhrimu) zosulelo lwefungus.
• Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ezibangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka notyando ukuze kunyangwe izifo zefungal okanye iintsholongwane.

Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku akukho nyango lwezifo ze-prion.

Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?

Ukuba uneempawu zesifo esosulelayo, ingakumbi ukuba aziphucuki emva kweveki okanye ezimbini , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Ukuba unosulelo oluqhubekayo, ukubona ugqirha rhoqo kunye nokufuna iingcebiso kunokukunceda ukuthintela ukuba imeko yakho ingabi mandundu.

Ukuba uceba ukuhamba uye kwelinye ilizwe, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto. Angakuxelela indlela yokuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane ezixhaphakileyo kwilizwe olityelelayo. Okanye, ukuba ubukhe wahamba kutshanje kwaye uneempawu, ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo kunokumnceda agqibe ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ekufuneka uzenze.

Asinakuzikhusela na kwezi zifo zisulelayo? (Ukuthintela)

Akukho ndlela inye inokukukhusela ngokupheleleyo kwizifo ezosulelayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezilula esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka . Ungacinga ngayo njengomzekelo wetshizi yaseSwitzerland . Oku kwacetyiswa yindoda egama linguJames Reason, PhD. Khawuthelekelele ukuba unezilayi ezininzi zetshizi ezibekwe phezu kwenye. Ezinye zezilayi zinemingxuma. Kodwa xa ubeka izilayi ezininzi ndawonye, ​​umngxuma kwesinye isilayi ugqunywe sesinye isilayi. Yileyo ndlela obeka ngayo ezi zixhobo zokuzikhusela.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokhuseleko ezinjalo:

• Ukufumana imigonyo ecetyiswayo: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi imigonyo efanelekileyo kuwe.
• Lumka ngokhuseleko lokutya: Kuphephe ukutya ukutya okuluhlaza okanye okungagayiwanga, gcina kwaye ufudumeze ukutya kubushushu obufanelekileyo, hlamba okanye uxobule iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle, kwaye uhlambe kakuhle izitya ezisetyenziswa xa upheka.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlamba izandla zakho ngaphambi kokulungisa ukutya, ngaphambi kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, emva kokuchukumisa ilindle lezilwanyana okanye labantu, nasemva kokulima okanye ukusebenza ngomhlaba.
• Ukucinga ngabanye abantu:Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla. Nciphisa ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu xa wena okanye omnye umntu egula. Nxiba imaski ukuba kufuneka ube phakathi kwabanye abantu. Musa ukwabelana ngezinto zakho, izitya zokutya, okanye ezinye izinto zakho nabanye abantu.
• Ukugcina iindawo eziphathwa rhoqo kunye nezinto zicocekile: izinto ezifana neefowuni, iitafile, izibambo zomnyango kunye nezinto zokudlala.
• Iindlela zesondo ezikhuselekileyo: Sebenzisa ikhondom okanye idama lamazinyo xa usenza isondo.
• Zikhusele kwizinambuzane: Sebenzisa isixovuli seengcongconi, zigqume ngempahla eninzi kangangoko unako, kwaye ujonge ukuba azikho na iingcongconi xa usiya ehlathini okanye kwindawo ende enengca.

Zithini izifo ezisulelayo ezivelayo?

Oku kubhekisa kwizifo ezisandula ukufunyaniswa, okanye ezichaphazela abantu abaninzi kunangaphambili. Uphando olukhethekileyo lwenziwa kwezi zifo.

Zeziphi izifo ezixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni abancinci?

Iintsana nabantwana basengozini enkulu yezifo ezosulelayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba amajoni abo omzimba asakhula . Abakwazi nokulandela imikhwa yococeko efanayo neyabantu abadala. Ezinye zezifo ezosulelayo ezixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni zezi:

• Ukubanda
• Isifo sesihlanu
• Isifo sezandla, iinyawo, nomlomo (HFMD)
• Umkhuhlane
• I-Pinworm
• I-RSV
• Umsundululu
• I-Roseola (umkhuhlane onamabala abomvu eluswini)
• Umqalaizitrephi zomqala
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo (i-pertussis)

Siphila neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iifungi, kunye neeparasite yonke imihla. Enyanisweni, kukho iibhaktheriya ezininzi ngokuphindwe kalishumi emzimbeni wakho kuneeseli zabantu - besingenakukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwazo! Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezi zidalwa zincinci kwihlabathi lethu zinokuba yingozi kuthi.

Ngethamsanqa, zininzi izinto ezilula onokuzenza ukuze uzigcine usempilweni wena nabanye. Imikhwa elula efana nokuhlamba izandla zakho nokuvala umlomo wakho xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla inokunceda ukukhusela abantu obathandayo kunye nabamelwane bakho kwizifo ezinzulu. Into encinci oyenzayo inokunceda ukusindisa ubomi bomntu.

Masikhumbule ezona zinto zibalulekileyo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• Izifo ezisulelayo zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iifungi, iiparasite) ezinokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye .
• Izifo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo ukuya kwiintsholongwane ezinzulu, ziwela kolu luhlu.
• Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuzigcina ucocekile (ukuhlamba izandla, ukugquma umlomo xa ukhohlela), ukufumana iigonyo ezicetyiswayo , kunye neendlela zokutya ezikhuselekileyo zinceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni ezi zifo.
• Ukuba uneempawu, ingakumbi ukuba zinzima okanye aziphucuki kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha .
• Imikhwa yethu emincinci ingasikhusela kakhulu thina nabanye kuluntu.

Ngoko ke, masizame ukuhlala siphilile, sicinga ngezi zinto, akunjalo?

izifo ezosulelayo, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, ifungi, iiparasites, usulelo, iimpawu, uthintelo, unyango