Usenokuba ukhe wabona okanye weva ngabantu esibhedlele abafumana 'i-saline drip'. Ibandakanya i-cannula ebekwe emthanjeni, eqhagamshelwe kwingxowa yolwelo oluxhonywe kwindawo ende. Abantu abaninzi baziva bexhalabile ngale nto, okanye bacinga ukuba isetyenziselwa izifo ezinzulu kuphela. Ngoko ke, zithini kanye kanye ii-IV fluids, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-saline? Zifuneka nini ngokwenene? Masiyihlalutye ngokulula nangokucacileyo le nto ngeNirogi Lanka.
Kutheni udinga ii-IV fluids?
Ngamafutshane, ulwelo lwe-IV (elufakwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni) lulwelo olukhethekileyo oluthunyelwa ngqo egazini lakho ngomthambo. Isizathu esiphambili sokusetyenziswa kwalo kukuthintela okanye ukunyanga ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni —imeko apho amanzi omzimba wakho kunye namanqanaba e-electrolyte abalulekileyo efikelela kumanqanaba aphantsi ngokuyingozi.
Malunga nama-60% omzimba wakho wenziwe ngamanzi. Khawucinge nje ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa eli nqanaba lehla kakhulu. Yonke iseli kunye namalungu omzimba wakho axhomekeke emanzini ukuze asebenze. Xa ungakwazi ukugcina amanzi aneleyo ngokusela ulwelo ngokwakho, unyango lwe-IV luba yimfuneko.
| Iimeko Eziqhelekileyo Ezifuna Ulwelo Lwemiphunga | |
|---|---|
| Isifo Esinzima | Xa uhlanza kakhulu kwaye urhuda , umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya isenokungakwazi ukufunxa into oyiselayo. |
| Ukuzilolonga kunye nokuvezwa bubushushu | Ukwenza umthambo kakhulu okanye ukuhlala ixesha elide kubushushu obugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukulahleka okukhulu kwamanzi ngenxa yokubila. |
| Ukulimala Okukhulu okanye Ukutsha | Ukulimala okukhulu okanye ukutsha kakhulu kunokukhokelela ekuphelelweni ngokukhawuleza kolwelo lomzimba. |
| Utyando | Ngexesha leenkqubo ezifuna i-anesthesia, awukwazi ukutya okanye ukusela, kwaye umzimba wakho udinga inkxaso eyongezelelweyo yolwelo ngexesha nasemva kotyando. |
Impembelelo Yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
Xa umzimba wakho uphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, oku kuchaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi:
- Ukuphazamiseka kwebhalansi yakho ye-electrolyte .
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye neengxaki zememori.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngamandla nokudinwa rhoqo.
- Ukungagaywa kakuhle kwesisu kunye nokusebenza kwamathumbu ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
- Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo neqatha.
- Ukonakala kwamalungu omzimba abalulekileyo , njengezintso, intliziyo , nengqondo.
- Ukuncipha kokusebenza komzimba.
- Ukuwohloka kwempilo yolusu.
Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi, nceda ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba yimeko engxamisekileyo, fowunela u-911 okanye undwendwele isibhedlele esikufutshane nawe.
| Uphawu | Oko unokukuphawula |
|---|---|
| Isiyezi | Ukuziva unomsindo xa umi okanye ushukuma. |
| Amehlo Omileyo | Amehlo aziva omile, nokuba uzama ukukhupha iinyembezi. |
| Umlomo/Imilebe Eyomileyo | Ukungabikho kwamathe, imilebe eqhekekileyo, nolwimi olomileyo. |
| Ulusu olomileyo | Ulusu lubonakala lomile, lunemibimbi, okanye lubonakala lunamabala. |
| Ukudinwa Okugqithisileyo | Ukuziva udiniwe nangona ungenawo amandla okwenza umthambo. |
| Ukuphefumla Okukhawulezayo | Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kunesantya sakho esiqhelekileyo sokuphumla. |
| Iingxaki Ezibandayo | Izandla neenyawo ziziva zibanda xa uzichukumisa. |
| Ukuchama Okuncitshisiweyo | Ukuchama ngaphantsi kwezihlandlo ezine ngemini, kunye nomchamo omnyama. |
Iintlobo ze-IV Fluids
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba uhlobo olufanelekileyo lolwelo lwe-IV ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho ethile. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
Izisombululo zeCrystalloid
Ezi zezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ziqulathe amasuntswana amancinci adlula ngokulula kwimithambo yegazi yakho aye kwiiseli zakho.
- Ityuwa eqhelekileyo : Le 'yityuwa' eqhelene nayo wonke umntu. Ngokusisiseko ngumxube wamanzi kunye ne -sodium chloride (ityuwa).
- I-D5W: Oku kuqulethe i-dextrose (uhlobo lweswekile) exutywe namanzi.
- I-Lactated Ringer's: Oku kuquka i-sodium, i-chloride, i-potassium, i-calcium, kunye ne-lactate. Isetyenziswa rhoqo xa kufuneka umthamo omkhulu wolwelo ngokukhawuleza.
Izisombululo zeColloid
Ezi ziqulathe iimolekyuli ezinkulu ezingadluli lula eludongeni lweeseli, zihlala zihlala egazini ukuze zigcine umthamo wazo. Imizekelo iquka iAlbumin kunye neHetastarch.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ufumana i-IV?
Le nkqubo yenziwa ngugqirha okanye umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo neyobuchule.
1. Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba uhlobo kunye nobungakanani bolwelo lwe-IV olufunayo ngokusekwe kubunzima bakho, ubudala, kunye nemeko yakho yempilo yangoku.
2. Okulandelayo, indawo yokufaka (ngokuqhelekileyo ingqiniba yangaphakathi okanye umphezulu wesandla sakho) icocwa kakuhle ngesisombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane .
3. I-tourniquet ibotshelelwe engalweni yakho engasentla ukuze umthambo ubonakale ngakumbi.
4. Emva kokukhetha umthambo ofanelekileyo, kufakwa i-cannula ecociweyo (ityhubhu encinci yeplastiki equlethe inaliti). Usenokuziva uhlatywa kancinci, kodwa kuhlala umzuzwana nje.
5. Nje ukuba i-cannula ifakwe kakuhle emthanjeni, i-tourniquet iyasuswa.
6. I-cannula ibotshelelwe engalweni yakho ngeteyipu yezonyango ukuthintela nayiphi na intshukumo ngengozi.
7. Umbhobho oqhagamshelwe kwingxowa yakho yolwelo lwe-IV emva koko uncamathiselwa kwi-cannula.
8. Ingxowa ye-IV ixhonywe kwi-IV stand, kwaye ulwelo luhanjiswa ngesantya esilawulwayo ngepompo yokungenisa okanye ngomxhuzulane, ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo.
9. Abasebenzi bethu bezonyango baza kujonga yonke inkqubo ngokuqhubekayo ukuze ukhuseleke.
Ngelixa une-IV, ukuba uqaphela ukuba izinga lokuthontsiza libonakala likhawuleza kakhulu okanye licotha, ukuba uziva iintlungu kwindawo okufakwa kuyo i-cannula, ukuba i-cannula ivakala ngathi ikhululekile, okanye ukuba uneentloko ezibuhlungu okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, yazisa ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho ngoko nangoko.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Ukubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni nge-IV yindlela eqhelekileyo, elula, nekhuselekileyo yezonyango. Inika uncedo olukhawulezileyo kwaye, kwizigulana ezigula kakhulu, inokusindisa ubomi.
Nangona iingxaki zinqabile kakhulu, kulungile ukwaziswa ngazo ukuze wazi ukuba yintoni omawuyilumkele.
| Ingxaki | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukubhajwa komoya | Umoya ungena emthanjeni ngetyhubhu. Oku kunqabile kakhulu kodwa kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. |
| Umthambo Oqhekekileyo | Umthambo ungadilika xa ufakwa okanye emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, abasebenzi baza kusebenzisa enye indawo. |
| Ubunzima bokugcwala kolwelo | Ukuba ulwelo lunikwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, lunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla. Ukulungisa isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi kuyayisombulula le ngxaki. |
| I-Hematoma | Igazi livuza kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. Libonakala ngathi liqhuma kwaye lihlala liphola kwiiveki ezimbalwa. |
| Usulelo | Kwenzeka ukuba indawo yokufaka ayigcinwanga icocekile. Oku kunokunyangeka ngempumelelo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. |
| Ukungena ngokungena | Ulwelo oluvuza kwizicwili ezingqongileyo ukuba i-cannula iyatshintsha. Ingabangela iintlungu/ukudumba okuncinci, kodwa kulula ukuyilawula. |
| I-Phlebitis | Ukudumba komthambo. Kuqhelekile; kunyangwa ngokususa i-cannula kunye nokusebenzisa ii-compress ezifudumeleyo. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-IV fluids, okanye 'i-saline,' zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukunyanga ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni nokubuyisela ibhalansi ye-electrolyte.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni akufanele kuthathwe lula; ukuba ubonisa iimpawu eziqatha, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko okanye uqhagamshelane neenkonzo zongxamiseko.
- Unyango lwe-IV luyinkqubo eqhelekileyo nekhuselekileyo eyenziwa ezibhedlele yonke imihla. Nceda ungakhathazeki ngayo.
- Uhlobo oluthile kunye nobungakanani bolwelo olufumanayo lumiselwa ngugqirha wakho ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lwakho lwempilo.
- Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga ngelixa i-IV ikwindawo, soloko uxelela umongikazi okanye ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ulwelo lwe-IV, i-saline, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, i-cannula, unyango lwe-intravenous, i-Nirogi Lanka
