Masifunde ngqo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Iimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo yakho!

Zingaphi izihlandlo oziva ngazo igama elithi "antibiotic"? Xa usiya kugqirha, xa uthenga amayeza kwikhemesti, okanye xa uthetha nomhlobo, uyaliva eli gama, akunjalo? Zithini kanye kanye ezi antibiotics? Ngaba zilungile okanye azilunganga emizimbeni yethu? Yintoni esifanele sicinge ngayo ngokukodwa xa sizisebenzisa? Ndize nale ngcaciso namhlanje ukuze ndiphendule imibuzo emininzi efana nale engqondweni yakho ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-antibiotic?

Ngamafutshane, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamayeza akhethekileyo anikwa ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba ziibhaktheriya. La mayeza asebenza njengamajoni aqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ahlasela iintshaba kuphela emfazweni. Aya ngqo kwiibhaktheriya ezibangela esi sifo aze azitshabalalise, okanye ayeke ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ukuze zingasasasazeki emzimbeni.

Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuba ii-antibiotics zisebenza kuphela kwiintsholongwane zebhaktiriya. Khumbula, ii-antibiotics azizukusebenza kwizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, umzekelo, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela (ngaphandle kwe-phlegm), i-dengue, i-chickenpox, njl. Oku kungenxa yokuba iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ngamaqela amabini ahlukeneyo ezinto eziphilayo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweebhaktheriya neentsholongwane?

Usenokuba ucinga, "Ngoko ke ezi zizidalwa ezincinci zombini, akunjalo? Kutheni amayeza anikwa enye engasebenzeli enye?" Kulungile, ndiza kuchaza loo nto ngokulula.

• Iibhaktheriya liqela leentsholongwane ezincinci ezenziwe ziiseli ezilodwa kwaye zihlala zodwa, zahlule, kwaye zande ngokwazo. Kukho iibhaktheriya ezilungileyo emizimbeni yethu nakwindawo esikuyo, kunye neebhaktheriya ezimbi ezibangela izifo.
• Iintsholongwane zincinci kakhulu kuneebhaktheriya kwaye azinakuphila zodwa. Ukuze ziphile, zahlule, kwaye zande, kufuneka zingene kwenye iseli ephilayo (iseli engumsingathi).

Ii-antibiotics zenzelwe ukonakalisa iindawo ezithile zeebhaktheriya (umzekelo, udonga lweseli yebhaktheriya) okanye ukuphazamisa iinkqubo zobomi bazo (umzekelo, ukuveliswa kweeproteni). Ngenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo kunye nomjikelo wobomi beentsholongwane zahlukile kakhulu koweebhaktheriya, ii-antibiotics azinakubulala iintsholongwane.

Kubalulekile: Ngoko ke, xa unesifo somkhuhlane, musa ukucela ugqirha ukuba, "Ndinike i-antibiotic." Ukuba ugqirha akakuniki i-antibiotic, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayifanelekanga kwisifo sakho.

Kubaluleke kangakanani ukufumana i-antibiotic?

Ukufunyanwa kwee-antibiotics kwaba yinguqu enkulu kwezonyango. Ngaphambili, abantu abaninzi babesifa ngenxa yezifo ezilula zebhaktiriya. Cinga nje ukuba zingaphi iintlungu ezibangelwa kukufa okubangelwa linxeba elincinci okanye usulelo lomphimbo (njengomqala obuhlungu).

Kodwa ngo-1928, isazinzulu esigama linguAlexander Fleming ngempazamo safumanisa i-antibiotic yokuqala , i-penicillin . Saphawula ukuba uhlobo oluthile lwe-mold (njengokukhunta okukhula kwi-orenji) lwamisa ukukhula kwebhaktheriya. Kulapho uhambo lwala mayeza amangalisayo lwaqala khona. Namhlanje, ii-antibiotics ziye zaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekunyangeni izifo ezininzi zebhaktheriya, ezifana ne-pneumonia, isifo sephepha, izifo zesikhumba, kunye nosulelo lomchamo. Zikwasetyenziselwa ukuthintela izifo emva kotyando.

Iintlobo zee-antibiotics kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo

Kukho amakhulu eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antibiotics ezikhoyo namhlanje. Asizizo zonke ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Iyayithintela intsholongwane ekwenzeni udonga lweseli yayo. Emva koko intsholongwane ishiywa ingenakuzikhusela ize ife.
• Iyayithintela intsholongwane ekubeni yenze iiproteni ezizidingayo. Iintsholongwane azinakuphila ngaphandle kweeproteni.
• Ziyonakalisa i-DNA yebhaktiriya, okanye ziyithintele ukuba ingakopishwa. Emva koko iibhaktiriya azikwazi ukwahlukana nokwanda.

Ugqirha uza kukukhetha i-antibiotic ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwebhaktiriya olubangele usulelo lwakho, zeziphi ii-antibiotics ezichaphazeleka yibhaktiriya, ubudala bakho, kunye nokuba unezinye izifo.

Ezinye ii-antibiotics "zii-broad-spectrum," oko kuthetha ukuba zinokusebenza ngokuchasene neentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye "zii-narrow-spectrum," oko kuthetha ukuba zijolise kwiintlobo ezimbalwa zeentsholongwane.

Qiniseka ukuba uyazikhumbula ezi zinto xa usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane!

Nangona amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane eluncedo ekusindiseni ubomi, anokuba nemiphumo eyingozi ukuba angasetyenziswanga kakuhle. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuthathwe unonophelo olukhulu kwezi zinto.

1. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha yonke imithi oyinikwe ngugqirha:

• Nokuba uzive ungcono kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu, thatha iyeza lonke ixesha elichazwe ngugqirha wakho. Ukuba uyayeka, iintsholongwane ezimbi ezisele emzimbeni wakho zinokukwenza ugule kwakhona. Akunjalo nje kuphela, kodwa neentsholongwane ezisele nazo zinokuba nokumelana neyeza. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, iyeza olinikwa kwixesha elizayo lisenokungasebenzi.
• Khawuthelekelele, umhlobo wakho uSumanawati unikwe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane iintsuku ezisi-7 ngugqirha ngenxa yosulelo lomphimbo. Ukuba uyayeka ukusebenzisa amayeza emva kweentsuku ezi-3, iintsholongwane eziseleyo zinokumenza agule kwakhona, mhlawumbi zibangele imeko eyingozi efana nomkhuhlane wamathambo.

2. Sebenzisa kuphela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe ngugqirha:

• Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aseleyo owawanikwayo ngenxa yesifo sangaphambili. Amayeza asenokungasebenzi kweso sifo, okanye idosi isenokunganeli.
• Musa ukuthatha isibulali-ntsholongwane esinikwa umhlobo okanye isalamane sakho sicinga ukuba sikulungele.

3. Musa ukunika omnye umntu amayeza akho okubulala iintsholongwane.

4. Ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies kwimithi ethile, usela amayeza ezinye izifo, ukhulelwe, okanye uncancisa, njengoko ezinye ii-antibiotics zingafanelekanga kwiimeko ezinjalo.

5. Lumka ngemiphumo emibi:

• Ii-antibiotics ezininzi zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Izinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa okuncinci kwesikhumba. Ezi zinto azidli ngokuba zimbi kakhulu kwaye ziyaphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuyeka amayeza.
• Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba kobuso, okanye ukurhawuzelela umzimba wonke, oko kungaba luphawu lokuba une-allergy enkulu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka , yeka ukuthatha iyeza ngoko nangoko uze ubone ugqirha.

Yintoni ingozi yokunganyangeki kwee-antibiotic?

Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu yezempilo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Ukuxhathisa ii-antibiotic kuxa iibhaktheriya ziba namandla kangangokuba zichatshazelwa zii-antibiotics ngokuhamba kwexesha kangangokuba ziyachasana naloo mayeza. Ngamafutshane, iibhaktheriya ziba "zikrelekrele" kwaye zifumane iindlela zokubaleka amayeza esizinika wona ukuze ziwabulale.

Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba asisebenzisi kakuhle amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

• Ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane xa engadingeki (umz. xa kukho umkhuhlane wentsholongwane).
• Ukungawathathi amayeza ixesha lonke elichazwe ngugqirha.
• Thenga amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwikhemesti ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha.

Ukuba ukuxhathisa ii-antibiotic kuyanda, kwanosulelo oluqhelekileyo lweebhaktheriya lusenokunganyangeki. Oku kuthetha ukuba izifo ezazinyangwa ngaphambili ngeyeza elilula ziya kufuna unyango olutsha, olunamandla, nolubiza kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuveleni "kwee-superbugs" ezingenakunyangwa lelinye iyeza.

Sonke sinoxanduva olukhulu lokuthintela oku. Eyona nto ingcono esinokuyenza kukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane njengoko ugqirha esiyalele.

Yintoni ekhethekileyo ngokunika abantwana amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane?

Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa unika abantwana amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

• Umthamo: Umthamo wee-antibiotics ezinikwa abantwana umiselwa bubunzima babo. Umthamo onikwa abantu abadala awunakunikwa abantwana.
• Uhlobo: Ezinye iintlobo zee-antibiotics azifanelekanga kubantwana okanye kwimizimba yabo ekhulayo.
• Icebiso likagqirha wabantwana: Soloko unika umntwana wakho amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe ngugqirha wabantwana kuphela, kanye njengoko betshilo, kwaye ngexesha abalithethayo.
• Musa ukucela rhoqo amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwizinto ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela okubangelwa yintsholongwane. Oogqirha badla ngokunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwizifo ezifana ne-bacterial tonsillitis, ezinye izifo zendlebe, kunye nosulelo lomchamo (UTIs).

Awunakusinda kwiintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ngaphandle kwee-antibiotics?

Ewe! Kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukuthintela usulelo lweentsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke:

• Hlala ucocekile: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nasemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela ngaphandle.
• Fumana iiGonyo: Kukho iiGonyo ezinokuthintela ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (umz. i-pneumonia, i-meningitis, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo). Zifumane ngexesha.
• Ukhuseleko lokutya: Yitya ukutya okuphekiweyo kakuhle nokucocekileyo.
• Coca amanxeba ngokufanelekileyo: Coca amanxeba amancinci kakuhle uze ufake ibhandeji ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba ngoku uyiqonda kakuhle imithi yokubulala iintsholongwane. Okokugqibela, masizikhumbuze la manqaku kwakhona:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane luhlobo oluxabisekileyo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa kuphela ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane . Azisebenzi nxamnye nezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
• Sebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane rhoqo kuphela xa unikwe ngugqirha, kwaye kuphela njengoko uyalelwe .
• Qiniseka ukuba ugqiba yonke ikhosi yamayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasebenzisa kuba nje iimpawu zakho ziphelile.
• Sonke masincede ekuthinteleni imeko eyingozi yokunganyangeki kwee-antibiotics. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza oko kukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngento ethile, ungabi nazintloni uze ubuze ugqirha wakho.

Ndikunqwenelela ubomi obusempilweni!

I- Antibiotic, Iintsholongwane, Iintsholongwane, Ii-Antibiotic, Iintsholongwane, Amayeza, Impilo, Ukumelana ne-Antibiotic, Unyango