Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uxelelwe ngugqirha ukuba unomhlaza wegazi ofana ne-leukemia? Usenokuba ukhe weva igama elithi "leukapheresis" xa uthetha ngeendlela zonyango. Eli gama linokuba loyikisa kancinci. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le ndlela yonyango? Yintoni eyenzayo? Ngaba yinto yokoyika? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni iLeukapheresis?
Ngamafutshane, i-leukapheresis yinkqubo ekhethekileyo esusa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi egazini lakho. Yicinge njengesicoci segazi. Nantsi into eyenzekayo ngeli xesha:
1. Kukhutshwa igazi elithile emzimbeni wakho.
2. Igazi lithunyelwa kumatshini okhethekileyo, apho kwahlulwa khona iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kuphela.
3. Inxalenye eseleyo yegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets, kunye neplasma, zibuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu asilonyango lwezifo ezifana nomhlaza wegazi. Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa olu nyango kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango (umzekelo, i-chemotherapy).
Kukweziphi iimeko apho olu nyango lufunekayo?
Oogqirha banokucebisa olu nyango ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Xa kufuneka unyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Kwezinye iintlobo ze-leukemia | Olu nyango lusetyenziswa ukuba unesifo esifana ne-acute myeloid leukemia (AML), i-acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), okanye i-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), kwaye inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi liphezulu kakhulu. Xa kukho iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezininzi kakhulu, imithambo yegazi "inokuvaleka," nto leyo ebeka intliziyo yakho emngciphekweni. |
| Ukuqokelela iiseli ukuze zisetyenziswe kwezinye iindlela zonyango | Unyango lwanamhlanje olufana nonyango lweeseli ze-CAR T lufuna iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi eziphilileyo. Le ndlela isebenzisa iiseli zakho ukufumana ezo seli. |
| Ukutshintsha ii-stem cells | Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuqokelela ii-stem cells eziphilileyo kuwe ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyando lwe-stem cell/bone marrow kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza, ezifana ne-lymphoma okanye i-multiple myeloma. |
| Njengomnikeli weeseli ze-stem | Ukuba ungumnikeli weeseli ze-stem komnye umntu, ezi seli zifumaneka nasemzimbeni wakho ngale ndlela ifanayo. |
Wenza ntoni ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale olu nyango, ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo olumbalwa ukuze abone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni wakho. Ezi ziqhelekile, ngoko ungakhathazeki.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga amanqanaba eeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kunye neeplatelet.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Electrolyte: Jonga inqanaba leetyuwa emzimbeni.
- Ukusebenza kwezintso nesibindi: Ijonga ukuba la malungu asebenza kakuhle na.
- Uvavanyo lokujiya kwegazi: Olu lujonga amandla egazi okujiya.
Ekubeni olu nyango luza kuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, unganxiba impahla ekhululekileyo. Kukwangcono nokuba nencwadi yokufunda okanye into yokubukela kwifowuni yakho ukuze uhlale uxakekile.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Olu nyango lwenziwa xa ulele ebhedini ekhululekileyo. Abasebenzi bezonyango baza kufaka imigca emibini ye-IV (ii-cannula) ezingalweni zakho. Omnye uza kukhupha igazi emzimbeni wakho, kwaye omnye uza kubuyisela igazi elicociweyo emzimbeni wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, umbhobho omkhulu (umgca ophakathi) onemigca yomibini unokubekwa kufutshane nentamo yakho okanye phantsi kwengalo yakho.
Ngexesha lonyango, ungaziva urhawuzelelwa ezandleni zakho, ezinyaweni, nasemlonyeni wakho . Ungakhathazeki ngale nto. Oku kungenxa yokuba inqanaba le-calcium egazini lakho liphantsi kancinci. Xelela ugqirha okanye umongikazi kwangoko nje ukuba uyive le nto. Baza kukunika i-calcium nge-saline yakho kwaye oku kuya kuyilungisa ngokukhawuleza imeko.
Masifunde nangeziphumo ezingalindelekanga emva konyango.
Nokuba unyango luphelile, oogqirha baya kukujonga okwethutyana ukuze babone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufuna utofelo-gazi ukuze kuthathelwe indawo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi okanye iiplatelets ezilahlekileyo.
Njengakweminye imithi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci zinokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu azixhaphakanga. Akukho nto ixhalabisayo kuba ugqirha uza kujonga yonke inkqubo ngokusondeleyo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- I-Hypocalcemia: Eli lizinga eliphantsi le-calcium egazini. Eli linyangwa lula nge-IV calcium.
- I-anemia: Ukwehla kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Oku kunokunyangeka nangokutofelwa igazi ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- I-Thrombocytopenia: Ukuncipha kweeplatelets, ezinceda ukujiya kwegazi. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ukuba ukopha kuthathe ixesha elide ukuyeka, nokuba kubangelwa kukwenzakala okuncinci.
Ngosuku lonyango, kungcono ukuya ekhaya uphumle okwethutyana. Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo ngosuku olulandelayo.
Ndifanele ndimtsalele umnxeba nini ugqirha?
Ekubeni usenza olu nyango, ugqirha wakho uza kuhlala ejonga impilo yakho, njengawe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Umkhuhlane: Ukuba ubushushu bomzimba wakho bungaphezulu kwama-38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit), oku kungaba luphawu losulelo.
- Utshintsho kwindawo yomgca we-IV: Ukuba unomgca ophakathi, indawo ibomvu, idumbile, ibuhlungu, okanye inolwelo oluphuma kuyo.
- Ukuwohloka kweempawu: Ukuba iimpawu zakho zakudala zibonakala zisiba mandundu okanye kuvela iimpawu ezintsha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Leukapheresis yinkqubo esusa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezigqithisileyo egazini.
- Nangona oku kungekuko unyango olupheleleyo lwezifo ezifana ne-leukemia, yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ngokukhawuleza iimpawu kunye nokuxhasa ezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Le nkqubo ikwaqokelela ii-stem cells ize izisebenzisele unyango olufana nokufakelwa umongo wethambo.
- Unyango luthatha iiyure ezimbalwa kwaye ngokubanzi lukhuselekile. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezifana namanqanaba aphantsi e-calcium, zinokwenzeka, kodwa ziyalawuleka ngelo xesha.
- Ukuba uqaphela umkhuhlane, iintlungu kwindawo yomgca we-IV, okanye iimpawu eziya zisiba mbi emva konyango, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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