Nokuba unomkhuhlane okanye inxeba eliqhumayo, xa usiya kugqirha, bakunika iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antibiotics, akunjalo? Ezinye ziza ngohlobo lwee-capsules, ezinye ziyanyibilika kwaye zithathwe, kwaye ezinye zinikwa njengeenaliti. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeqela elikhethekileyo, elinamandla kancinci lee-antibiotics. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-lincosamides. Usenokuba awuzange uve ngeli gama, kodwa ugqirha usenokuba ukunike enye yezi ntlobo zamayeza.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi lincosamides?
IiLincosamides ziluhlobo lwee-antibiotics, okanye njengoko sizibiza njalo, ii-antibiotics. Zicinge njengolunye uhlobo lwamayeza, njenge-penicillin. Zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga
izifo ezibangelwa ziibhaktheriya . Khumbula, aziluncedo
kwiingqele kunye nomkhuhlane, obangelwa ziintsholongwane. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeelincosamides ezisetyenziswayo ngoku.
- I-Clindamycin: Le yeyona lincosamide isetyenziswa kakhulu phakathi kwethu. Oogqirha bayicebisa kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka usulelo lolusu , amaqhakuva, kunye neengxaki zesini .
- I-Lincomycin: Nangona yayisetyenziswa ngaphambili, ngoku ayisetyenziswa rhoqo.
- I-Pirlimycin: Ayinikwa abantu, kodwa isetyenziswa kunyango lwezilwanyana ukunyanga izilwanyana.
Eli yeza lingeniswa njani emzimbeni?
Indlela onika ngayo eli yeza iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo. Ungayisebenzisa nganye kwezi ndlela zayo.
| Indlela esetyenzisiweyo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|
| Intetho yomlomo | Thatha njengeekhaphu, iipilisi, okanye ulwelo. |
| Ngokwezihloko | Ukufaka ikhrimu, ijeli, okanye ulwelo kumphezulu wesikhumba (umz., kwi-acne). |
| Ngemithambo yegazi | Ukufaka inaliti egxalabeni okanye empundu. |
| Nge-intravenous (IV) | Inaliti egazini. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kwiimeko zosulelo olukhulu. |
| Ukufakwa kwilungu lobufazi (ngaphakathi kwesibeleko) | Isetyenziswa njengekhrimu okanye ipilisi yokuthintela usulelo lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. |
Ziziphi iintlobo zezifo ezinyangwa nge-lincosamides?
Olu hlobo lwamayeza lujolise ngokukodwa kwiintlobo ezimbini zeebhaktheriya. 1.
Iibhaktheriya ezineGram-positive: Cinga ngayo njenge "Gram stain". Eli liqela leebhaktheriya ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/omfusa kwaye zinodonga olukhethekileyo lweseli. 2.
Iibhaktheriya ezingena-aerobic: Ezi zikhethekile kakhulu. Kuba zinokuphila kwaye zikhule
nakwiindawo apho kungekho oxygen khona . Umzekelo, zinokufumaneka kumanxeba anzulu, ajikeleze iintsini, nangaphakathi esiswini. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa olu hlobo lweyeza kwiimeko ezifana nezi:
- Usulelo lwesikhumba kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo: Kwiisulelo zesikhumba ezifana namathumba kunye ne-cellulitis.
- Usulelo lwe-MRSA: ` I-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) enganyangekiyo yiMethicillin` yintsholongwane enobungozi enganyangekiyo kwiintsholongwane ezininzi. IiLincosamides zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuyinyanga.
- Usulelo lomlomo namazinyo: Usulelo olubi kakhulu kwiintsini nakwiingcambu zamazinyo.
- Usulelo lwezifo zabasetyhini: Kwizinto ezifana nesifo sokudumba kwesisu (PID).
- Ithumba lemiphunga: Imeko apho kuvela khona amaqhuma afana nobovu ngaphakathi emiphungeni.
- Usulelo lwegazi: Iimeko ezinzulu ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezingena egazini, ezifana ne-septicemia.
- I-acne ebukhali: Kwiimeko ze-acne ezibukhali ezingaphenduliyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo.
- Amanxeba anzulu esiswini: Nciphisa ukusasazeka kosulelo kwiimeko zokwenzakala esiswini, ezifana namanxeba okuhlatywa.
- Kubantu abane-HIV abanesifo se-pneumonia kunye nesifo se-valve yentliziyoEzi zikwasetyenziselwa ukuthintela i-endocarditis.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba eli yeza lisetyenziselwa izifo ezinzima nezinzulu ezingasabelanga kwezinye ii-antibiotics ezilula.
Lisebenza njani eli yeza?
Kulula kakhulu. Ukuze iintsholongwane zikhule kwaye zisasazeke, kufuneka zenze iiproteni. Oko kwenziwa yi-lincosamides
kukuthintela iintsholongwane ekwenzeni ezi proteni . Kufana nokususa isamente xa usakha indlu. Xa iintsholongwane zingakwazi ukwenza iiproteni, azikwazi ukukhula, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziyafa. Ngoko ke eli yeza linamandla okuthintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane (bacteriostatic) kunye nokukwazi ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo iintsholongwane (bactericidal).
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, ii-lincosamides zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye iingxaki zokugaya ukutya zezona zixhaphakileyo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo Iimpawu ezinzulu ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Iimpawu |
|---|
| Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Intlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, urhudo (ukudumba). |
| Ezinye izifo ezincinci | Ukuba nesiyezi , ukudinwa, ukukhupha ulwelo kwilungu lobufazi okanye ukurhawuzelelwa. |
| Urhudo oluqatha | Urhudo olunegazi okanye olugqithisileyo. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Ukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni. |
| Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba | Urhawuzelelo, amadyungudyungu, okanye ukurhawuzelela okusasazeka emzimbeni wonke. |
| Ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia) | Ukuva ukuqina okanye intlungu emqaleni xa uginya ukutya okanye isiselo. |
| I-Jaundice | Ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu. |
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ezinkulu?
Ewe, nangona kunqabile, kukho iingozi ezinkulu ezinokubakho ngale mithi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi zinto.
- I-Pseudomembranous colitis: Le yeyona meko imbi kakhulu enxulunyaniswa ne-lincosamides. Eli yeza litshabalalisa iintsholongwane ezilungileyo emathunjini kwaye livumela ukukhula kwentsholongwane embi ebizwa ngokuba yiClostridium difficile. Oku kunokubangela urhudo olunzima, olunegazi, umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu yesisu.
- I-Anaphylaxis: Yindlela enzima yokunganyamezelani enokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Isifo sikaStevens-Johnson (SJS): Le yimpendulo yolusu enzulu kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Ulusu luyadumba kwaye luqhekeke, ngokungathi lutshisiwe.
- Umonakalo wesibindi okanye wezintso.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zinzima, yeka ukuthatha amayeza uze ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungathandabuzi ukuya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU).
Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule xa usebenzisa eli yeza
- Oomama abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo: Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise eli yeza.
- Ezinye izifo: Ukuba unesifo sesibindi, sezintso, okanye samathumbu (umz. isifo sikaCrohn ), yazisa ugqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
- Amanye amayeza: Xelela ugqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Amanye amayeza anokunxibelelana.
- Idosi: Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ixesha lonke. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasela amayeza kuba nje iimpawu zakho ziphelile. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lubuye.
- Isifo seswekile kunye neswekile egazini: Uphando oluthile lubonise ukuba kunokubakho unxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-lincosamide kunye nomngcipheko wesifo seswekile. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukaqinisekiswa. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IiLincosamides ludidi lwee-antibiotics ezinamandla ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezinzulu zebhaktheriya ezingamelaniyo nonyango oluqhelekileyo.
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha idosi emiselweyo ngexesha elimiselweyo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele. Gqibezela unyango nokuba iimpawu zakho ziyancipha.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ezifana neentlungu zesisu kunye norhudo zinokubakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana norhudo olunegazi, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukurhawuzelela okukhulu kolusu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga neminye imithi oyithathayo kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo onazo (ingakumbi iingxaki zesibindi, zezintso, okanye zamathumbu) ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza.
- Musa ukwabelana ngeli yeza nabanye abantu okanye usebenzise naliphi na iyeza eliseleyo. Sebenzisa kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
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