Xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza webele kwaye ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ngotyando lwebele, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika, wothukile, kwaye ulusizi. "Ndenze ntoni ngoku?", "Ngaba oku kuya kuba buhlungu?", "Ubomi bam buza kuba njani emva kotyando?" Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi edlula engqondweni yakho. Zonke ezi mvakalelo zifanelekile. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokukhululekileyo nangaphandle koloyiko. Xa unolwazi olupheleleyo ngolu tyando, uloyiko lwakho lunokuncipha kakhulu.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-mastectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-mastectomy luhlobo lotyando lomhlaza webele olubandakanya ukususwa kwezicubu ebeleni lakho ngotyando. Amaxesha amaninzi, zonke izicwili zelinye okanye zombini ibele ziyasuswa.
Olu lolona nyango luphambili kwiintlobo ezininzi kunye nezigaba zomhlaza webele. Kwakhona, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza webele, umzekelo ngenxa yezizathu zemfuza. Kubantu abanjalo, olu tyando lunokwenziwa njengendlela yokuthintela ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza ukhule.
Isigqibo sokwenza olu tyando sisigqibo sobuqu kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, kuqhelekile ukuba neemvakalelo ezahlukeneyo ngalo mba. Nangona usenokuvakalelwa kukuba kufuneka wenze utyando ngokukhawuleza ukuze uphelise umhlaza, usenokuziva ulusizi kwaye uzisola ngokulahlekelwa lilinye lamabele akho. Zonke ezi ziimpendulo eziqhelekileyo neziqondakalayo.
Umhlaza unyangwa njani nge-mastectomy?
Ukuba unomhlaza webele, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela iiseli zomhlaza ukuba zingasasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kukuzisusa. Utyando lwe-mastectomy lususa zonke izicwili zebele ezinokuba neeseli zomhlaza. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ziseli zomhlaza ezishiyekileyo .
Ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zomhlaza webele ezinyangwa ngolu tyando zezi:
- I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
- Umhlaza Webele Ovuvukisayo
- I-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
- Isifo sikaPaget sesifuba
- Umhlaza Webele Ongalunganga Kathathu
Olu tyando lunokwenziwa nangaliphi na inqanaba lomhlaza ngaphambi kokuba lufikelele kwiSigaba sesi-4. ISigaba sesi-4 kuxa umhlaza usasazeke (usasazeka) kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngaphandle kwebele. Okwangoku, ukususa ibele lodwa kusenokunganelanga ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungasasazeki.
Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando lwe-mastectomy?
Olu tyando lwahlulwe lwaba ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bezicubu ezisusiweyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe aze agqibe ukuba loluphi uhlobo olulungele wena.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa kwesisu okuyingxenye (iLumpectomy) | Oku akususi lonke ibele. Kuphela sisimila esinomhlaza kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu eziphilileyo ezisijikelezileyo ezisuswayo. Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo lomhlaza okwinqanaba lokuqala. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy olupheleleyo (Utyando lweMastectomy olulula) | Kule nkqubo, zonke izicwili zebele ziyasuswa, kodwa izihlunu zesifuba ezingaphantsi kwebele azisuswa. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy oluphindwe kabini (Utyando lweMastectomy oluMacala omabini) | Ukuba kukho umhlaza kumabele omabini, okanye ukuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba umhlaza kwelinye ibele usasazeke uye kwelinye, omabini amabele ayasuswa ngaxeshanye. |
| Ukususwa kwesisu/Ukususwa kweengono | Nangona izicubu zebele zisusiwe, ulusu kunye/okanye ingono ziyashiywa. Ezi zingasetyenziswa ukuba ibele liyakhiwa kwakhona kamva. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy oluGuquliweyo | Apha, zonke izicwili zebele kunye nee-lymph nodes ze-axillary ziyasuswa, njengoko umhlaza webele usasazeka kwezi nodes kuqala. |
| Utyando lokuthintela iMastectomy | Oku kwenziwa ngenjongo yokuthintela umhlaza. Olu tyando lucetyiswa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza ngenxa yotshintsho oluthile lwemfuza (umz. i -BRCA, p53 ). |
Sizilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ugqirha wakho uza kuchaza zonke iinkcukacha malunga nohlobo lotyando oza kulwenza, nokuba uza kwakhiwa kwakhona amabele emva koko okanye akunjalo, kunye nexesha lokuchacha. Ungayicwangcisa imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngokufanelekileyo.
Izinto ekufuneka zilungiswe:
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyeke. Ukutshaya kunokuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye kulibazise ukuphola kwenxeba.
- Ukuzila Ukutya: Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ukuba uyeke ukutya okanye ukusela kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Landela loo miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukucwangcisa ukuhlala kwakho esibhedlele: Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Lungiselela umntu oza kukunyamekela imisebenzi yasekhaya neyomsebenzi ngelo xesha.
- Umntu onokukunceda ekhaya: Kubalulekile ukuba nomntu onokukunceda kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kotyando. Kunokuba nzima ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi okanye ukuphakamisa ingalo yakho, ngoko ke luncedo kakhulu ukuba nomntu onokukunceda ekulungiseleleni ukutya nasekwenzeni imisebenzi yasekhaya.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ngomhla wotyando, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo (`i-General Anesthesia`). Oku kuthetha ukuba awuyi kuva nto, uza kube ulele.
1. I-Anesthesia: Ulala ngokupheleleyo.
2. Utyando: Ugqirha ususa izicwili zebele, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ususa amaqhuma asemakhwapheni.
3. I-Biopsy: Izicubu ezisusiweyo zithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze kuhlolwe iiseli zomhlaza.
4. Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha: Ukuba ugqibe ekubeni wenze ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwamabele, ugqirha angaqala inkqubo ngoko nangoko okanye ingenziwa kamva.
5. Ukuthunga inxeba: Ekugqibeleni, inxeba liyathungwa kuze kubekwe umsele wexeshana wokukhupha naluphi na ulwelo oluqokelelana ngaphakathi kwenxeba. Lo msele uya kufuneka ushiywe endaweni yawo kangangeveki okanye ezimbini.
Ziziphi iingxaki kunye neengozi ezinokubakho?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, i-mastectomy inokubangela iingxaki ezincinci, kodwa ezi zihlala zilawuleka.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kwizigaba zokuqala:
- Ukosuleleka ngamanxeba: Oku kuyinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu, kwaye oogqirha bakhathazekile kakhulu ngako.
- I-Hematoma: Ingqokelela yegazi phantsi kwenxeba. Oku nako kunqabile kakhulu.
- I-Seroma: Ukudumba okubangelwa lulwelo oluqokelelana ngaphakathi kwenxeba.
- Ukulahleka kwegazi kwizicubu (iFlap Necrosis): Ukuba igazi eliya kwizicubu ezisikiweyo liyanqunyulwa, izicwili zinokufa. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha uza kususa izicwili ezifileyo aze agubungele indawo ngesikhumba esithathwe kwenye indawo.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kamva:
- I-Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS):Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelela, ukutsha, ukurhawuzelela, okanye iintlungu eziqatha. Ezi zinokunyangwa ngamayeza.
- I-Lymphedema: Ukuba inkqubo ye-lymphatic yonakele ngexesha lokususwa kweenwele emakhwapheni, ulwelo lwe-lymph lunokuqokelelana engalweni luze lubangele ukudumba. Unyango lwe-physiotherapy kunye nokuphulula kunokunceda ukulawula ezi mpawu.
Ixesha lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo nangaphaya
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga nosuku olunye emva kotyando. Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuba inxeba liphilise ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha, ugqirha kunye nabongikazi baya kukufundisa indlela yokugcina inxeba licocekile kunye nokunyamekela umsele wokuhambisa amanzi.
Kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala , ungaziva udiniwe, uqaqanjelwa, kwaye uqinile engalweni yakho, egxalabeni, nasesifubeni . Kuya kuba nzima ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi okanye ukuphakamisa ingalo yakho ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke phumla ngokwaneleyo. Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu zinokunceda ukulawula iintlungu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngemithambo elula onokuyenza ukunceda ekunciphiseni ukuqina. Ukwenza le mithambo kubaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiseleni ukusebenza kwengalo yakho.
Kuthatha ixesha ukuba imithambo-luvo iphole, ngoko ke usenokuba nokurhawuzelelwa esifubeni sakho kangangeenyanga ezimbalwa. Oku kuqhelekile.
Ngelixa umzimba wakho uphilisa, nika ingqondo yakho ixesha lokuphilisa. Ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo eziza nalo mava, ukudibana nomcebisi okanye iqela lenkxaso nabanye abaye badlula kumava afana nawe kunokuba luncedo kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwebele lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kumhlaza webele. Musa ukuyoyika loo nto.
- Ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngotyando kunye nenkqubo ebandakanyekayo kunokunceda ekunciphiseni uloyiko lwakho kunye nokungaqiniseki.
- Ukulungiselela kakuhle ngaphambi kotyando kuya kwenza inkqubo yokuphiliswa ibe lula. Kubalulekile ukuphepha ukutshaya.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha. Phumla umzimba nengqondo yakho. Landela imiyalelo yokuzilolonga kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukuba uneengxaki, ezinje ngeentlungu, ukudumba, okanye iimpawu zosulelo (ububomvu, umkhuhlane), yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Khumbula, awuwedwa.
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