Ngaba uhlala unengxaki yokunganyamezelani komzimba okunamabala abomvu kunye nokurhawuzelelwa emzimbeni wakho wonke? Oku kusenokuba yiMastocytosis!

Ngaba uhlala ufumana izilonda ezibomvu, ezirhawuzelelayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezinzima emzimbeni wakho? Okanye ngaba unengxaki yokunganyamezelani kakuhle nokuba yinto encinci kangangeentsuku? Usenokucinga, "Ndinenye ingxaki yokunganyamezelani." Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha emva kwezi mpawu, kunokubakho imeko engaqhelekanga esingazange siyive. Enye yeemeko ezinjalo yi-`(Mastocytosis)`. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, masithethe ngalo ngokulula.

Yintoni iMastocytosis? Ngamafutshane...

Khawuthelekelele, ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu kukho iiseli ezifana noonogada abancinci. Sizibiza ngokuba "ziiseli zemast." Ezi "seli zemast" ziyinxalenye "yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba." Zifana nemikhosi yokhuseleko yelizwe lethu. Xa iintshaba ezifana neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, kunye nezinto ezibangela i-allergen zingena emzimbeni, ezi "seli zemast" ziya phambili zilwe.

Xa ezi `(mast cells)` zisabela kwiintshaba, zikhupha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi`(histamine).` Le `(histamine)` yiyo ebangela iimpawu ze-allergy emzimbeni wethu (umzekelo, ukurhawuzelela, ukubomvu kolusu, ukudumba). Ezi `(mast cells)` zikwanceda ekuveliseni i-asidi esiswini.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi `(mast cells)` zenza umsebenzi wazo kwaye zilawule iintshaba zize ziphinde zithule. Nangona kunjalo, okwenzekayo emzimbeni womntu one `(Mastocytosis)` kukuba ezi `(mast cells)` zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye engalawulekiyo. Xa zisanda ngolu hlobo, ezi seli zikhupha `(histamine) eninzi kakhulu. Kulapho ufumana i-allergy enkulu nokuba yinto encinci, okanye xa ufumana i-allergy, iba mbi kakhulu kunakwindoda eqhelekileyo, kwaye ihlala ixesha elide.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, wonke umntu oneMastocytosis usemngciphekweni omkhulu we-anaphylaxis , i-allergy eyenzeka ngequbuliso, enzima, kwaye enokubangela ukufa . Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku.

Nangona oogqirha bengenakuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo iMastocytosis, banokuyilawula iimpawu baze banyange naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuvela.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeMastocytosis?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zesi sifo:

1. I-Cutaneous Mastocytosis: Oku kudla ngokuvela kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci . Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho nakubantu abadala. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba "iiseli ze-mast" ezingaqhelekanga ziqokelelana eluswini, zibangele amabala abomvu, abomvu obumnyama, amdaka, okanye anemibala exutyiweyo. Kufana nomntwana omncinci ngequbuliso unamabala amaninzi abomvu emzimbeni wakhe aze awakrwele rhoqo.

2. I-Systemic Mastocytosis: Olu hlobo lubonakala kakhulu kubantu abadala.Apha, "iiseli ze-mast" ezingaqhelekanga ziqokelelana kwizitho zangaphakathi ezifana nomongo wamathambo, amathambo, inkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya, kunye nemiphunga. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ezi seli ziqokelelana kakhulu kumongo wamathambo, oku kunokuchaphazela ukwakheka kweeseli zethu zegazi. Kwakhona, ukuba ezi seli ziyanda esiswini, zinokuvelisa i-asidi eninzi yesisu kwaye zibangele izilonda zesisu.

Ingaba esi sisifo esiqhelekileyo?

Hayi, le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ngokwezifundo, kuthiwa ngumntu omnye kuphela kwishumi lamawaka (10,000) okanye omnye kwishumi lamawaka (20,000) abantu abanesifo. Ngoko ke, kuqhelekile ukuba ayingabo bonke abantu abaziyo ngaso.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho zeMastocytosis?

Njengoko ezi "mast cells" zisanda ngendlela engaqhelekanga, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokubakho. Nangona ezi mpawu zinokuba buthathaka kakhulu kwabanye abantu, zinokuba buhlungu kakhulu kwabanye.

• Intlungu yamathambo: Ukuziva ngathi amathambo akho ayabuhlungu.
• Urhudo (intlungu yesisu): Ukufuneka uye kwigumbi lokuhlambela rhoqo.
• Ukuquleka (njengokulahlekelwa zingqondo): Ngequbuliso, amehlo ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye ubonakala ngathi ulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Imeko engapheliyo yokuxhalaba nokoyika: Ukuziva uxhalabile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuhlambuluka: Ukuba bomvu ngequbuliso kwesikhumba emzimbeni wonke.
• Amadyungudyungu okanye amabala arhawuzelelayo eluswini: Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngako ngaphambili.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo.
• Ukudinwa okubangelwa kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi: Ukuvakalelwa kukuba nesiyezi xa umi kwindawo yokuma.
• Intlungu yamalungu: Intlungu yamalungu.
• Amabala abomvu okanye amdaka eluswini: La mabala asenokuba arhawuzelela okanye angabi njalo.

I-Mastocytosis iqala nini ubudala?

Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ngokubanzi:

• I-Cutaneous Mastocytosis: Oku kunokuchaphazela neentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa.
• I-Systemic Mastocytosis: Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.

Yintoni isizathu soku?

`(Mastocytosis)` ayisiyonto esizalwa nayo. Ibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezibizwa ngokuba yi`(KIT genes)`. Ezi `(KIT genes)` ziizakhi zofuzo ezinceda iintlobo ezithile zeeseli, ezifana neeseli zethu zegazi, `(mast cells)`, ukuba zikhule. Kwi`(Mastocytosis), ezi `(KIT genes)` eziguquliweyo zinika umqondiso ongalunganga kwi`(mast cells)` ukuba "zande kakhulu kwaye zikhule ngokungalawulekiyo."

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela i-mastocytosis?

Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Asinguye wonke umntu onezizathu ezifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezinokunyusa iimpawu ngokubanzi:

• Ukukhuhla okanye ukukrwela ulusu: Oku kunokwenzeka nakwabanye abantu ngokunxiba impahla ebabambayo.
• Ukuzilolonga kunye nomsebenzi womzimba ogqithisileyo.
• Ukuluma okanye ukulunywa zizinambuzane:Ingakumbi izilwanyana ezifana neembovane, iinyosi kunye neenyosi.
• Ukusela utywala.
• Ukutya okuthile: Ingakumbi ukutya okuneziqholo, okunezinongo ezininzi.
• Amayeza athile: Umzekelo, iintlungu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"NSAIDs" (iziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala ezingezizo ii-steroidal), iziphumzi zemisipha, kunye nee-anesthetics `(anesthesia)``.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubushushu: Njengokutsiba emanzini abandayo kakhulu.
• Uxinzelelo lomzimba okanye lwengqondo: Oku kudla ngokuba nempembelelo enkulu.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zeMastocytosis?

Esi sifo sinokubangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo, kuquka:

• I-Osteoporosis: Oku kubangela ukuba amathambo abe buthathaka kwaye aphuke lula.
• Iingxaki zesibindi: Imeko apho isibindi sidumba kwaye singasebenzi kakuhle.
• I-Cytopenia: Ukungakwazi komzimba ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi ezaneleyo.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo.

Ifunyanwa njani iMastocytosis?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze ahlole ulusu lwakho. Ukongeza, banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga inqanaba le-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-``tryptase`` egazini lakho. Le ``tryptase`` yinto ekhutshwa yi-``mast cells`` xa isabela kwiintshaba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamathambo: Ukujonga umonakalo emathanjeni.
• I-Bone marrow biopsy: Kuthathwa isampulu yomongo wethambo ize ihlolwe ukuba akukho ziseli zemast ezingaqhelekanga.
• Uvavanyo lwe-genetic: Ukuba une-Systemic Mastocytosis, unokuvavanywa utshintsho kwi-genes ze-KIT.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweMastocytosis?

Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo kunye neempawu zakho. Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa amayeza kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Iintlobo zamachiza asetyenziselwa iMastocytosis:

• Ii-antacids (ii-H2 blockers) zeengxaki zesisu: Kwizinto ezinje ngokudumba kwesisu kunye ne-gastritis.
• Ii-Antihistamines: Zinciphisa iimpawu zesikhumba ezibangelwa kukwaliwa nokubomvu.
• IiBisphosphonates ze-osteoporosis: Zomeleza amathambo.
• IiCorticosteroids: Yehlisa ukudumba.
• Ii-antibodies ze-monoclonal: ingakumbi iziyobisi ezifana ne-omalizumab (Xolair®).
• Amayeza eentlungu .

Ezinye iindlela zonyango:

• Unyango lokukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet (UV): Nciphisa amabala amnyama eluswini.
• Unyango olujoliswe kulo .
• I-Epinephrine yokuthintela i-anaphylaxis:Unyango olungxamisekileyo xa kukho i-allergy enzima.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Olu lunqabile kakhulu kwaye lunikwa kuphela xa iMastocytosis ijika ibe ngumhlaza.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-allogeneic stem (i-bone marrow): Oku kukwaqwalaselwa nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu nezintsonkothileyo ze-mastocytosis. Uninzi lwabantu aluyidingi le nto.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ewe, njengakweminye imithi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngonyango lweMastocytosis. Ezinye zinokuba zincinci, ngelixa ezinye zinokuba yingozi ngakumbi. Ukuba uneMastocytosis, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela unyango olufumanayo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho.

Ngaba iMastocytosis inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ngokubanzi, iMastocytosis ithathwa njengesifo esingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa sinokulawulwa ngokulawula iimpawu kunye nokunyanga iingxaki .

Unyango olunokuthi lunyange oku kuphela lutyando olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili oluthi "allogeneic stem cell (bone marrow) transplantation". Nangona kunjalo, nalo olu lucetyiswa kuphela kwizigulana ezineemeko ezinzima nezintsonkothileyo.

Ngaba iMastocytosis iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha?

Ukuba azinyangwa, iimpawu zinokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, ingakumbi kumntu one- systemic mastocytosis , njengoko ii-mast cells ezingaqhelekanga ziqhubeka nokuchaphazela umongo wethambo kunye nezitho zangaphakathi.

Ngaba iMastocytosis ingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, hayi. Ekubeni ibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-KIT, akukho ndlela yokuyithintela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneMastocytosis, ungazilawula iimpawu zakho ngokwazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba ube ne-allergy kwaye uziphephe kangangoko unako.

Umzekelo, ukuba unesizathu sokusebenzisa amayeza athile, kungcono ukunxiba isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango esiwadwelisayo. Oku kuya kwazisa abanye ukuba zeziphi amayeza ekungafanele uwasebenzise xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Ukuba une-Systemic Mastocytosis, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uphethe i-syringe ezijovayo ene-epinephrine. Le ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-allergy ezinzima nezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-anaphylactic shock.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Mastocytosis) Ngelixa ndihlala ne...

Ekubeni iMastocytosis sisifo esingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kusenokufuneka uphile naso okwethutyana. Inokuba nzima. Nangona kunjalo, nazi ezinye izinto ezinokukunceda:

• Yazi kakuhle into ebangela iimpawu zakho.Izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu ngamnye agule zahlukile. Usenokufuna ukubhala phantsi idayari uze ubhale phantsi xa iimpawu zakho zisiba mandundu, ukuba utye ntoni kwaye usele ntoni, kunye nokuba wenze ntoni ngelo xesha.
• Uxinzelelo lungenza ezi mpawu zibe zimbi ngakumbi. Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokulawula uxinzelelo, buza ugqirha wakho malunga neenkqubo zokulawula uxinzelelo. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca kunye neyoga zinokunceda.
• Nxiba isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango. Sifanele sibhale imeko yakho yempilo kunye nayo nayiphi na imithi ekungafanelekanga ukuba uyithathe.
• Soloko uphatha inaliti ye-epinephrine auto-injector nawe. Ingasindisa ubomi xa kukho i-allergy enkulu.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Uza kuhlolwa rhoqo ngugqirha wakho. Baza kujonga iimpawu zakho baze batshintshe unyango lwakho ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu ezintsha, okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndingaya nini kwiGumbi loNgxamiseko?

Ukuba une-allergy enzima kakhulu engenakulawuleka ngamayeza, yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngoko nangoko. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, umphimbo oqinileyo, isiyezi esinzima, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba uneMastocytosis, kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Luhlobo luni lweMastocytosis endinalo?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo zohlobo endinalo?
• Ngaba unyango luza kuziphelisa ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zam?
• Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonisa ukuba imeko yam iya isiba mandundu?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndithathe unyango ngonaphakade?
• Ukuba ndinefomu ethambileyo, yintoni ingqikelelo yam?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimvavanyo zeklinikhi endinokuthi ndithathe inxaxheba kuzo?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Mastocytosis yimeko engaqhelekanga ebangela ukukhula okungaqhelekanga nokungalawulekiyo kweeseli ze-mast emzimbeni. Ingachaphazela ulusu kunye namalungu angaphakathi. Uninzi lwabantu lunokulawula iimpawu zabo ngokuchonga nokuphepha izinto ezibangela oku kunye nokusela amayeza. Kubalulekile nokuba ne-epinephrine injection ikufutshane nokunyanga ii-allergy ezinzima.

Nangona esi sisifo esingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, ngeengcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo kunye nonyango, ungazama ukulawula iimpawu kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Baza kukunceda.

I- Mastocytosis, ii-mast cells, i-histamine, i-allergy, izifo zolusu, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, i-anaphylaxis