Masifunde ngamayeza eSifo sika-Alzheimer

Xa sifumanisa ukuba umama, utata, okanye umntu osondeleyo kuthi unesifo i-Alzheimer's, siziva sidakumbile kwaye sikhathazekile kakhulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukubona inkumbulo yabo iphela kancinci kancinci baze balibale izinto. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Nangona kungekho nyango lwesi sifo, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu, anciphise isantya sokuqhubeka kwesifo, kwaye enze ubomi babo bube lula kancinci. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngaloo mayeza.

Kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni xa umntu enesifo sika-Alzheimer?

Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngale mithi, masiqonde ngokulula ukuba kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni kwisifo sika-Alzheimer. Imiyalezo idluliselwana phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ebuchotsheni bethu ngeekhemikhali. Kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, iiproteni ezingaqhelekanga (i-amyloid kunye ne-tau) ziqala ukuqokelelana ebuchotsheni. Oku konakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo kwaye kuphazamise unxibelelwano phakathi kwazo. Oku kunempembelelo enkulu kwiindawo zengqondo ezilawula inkumbulo, ukucinga, kunye nokuziphatha .

Amayeza akhoyo ngoku alawula le nkqubo. Amanye amayeza alungelelanisa amanqanaba eekhemikhali ezithunyelwa ebuchotsheni, ngelixa amayeza amatsha ezama ukususa iiproteni ezingaqhelekanga.

Amayeza aphambili esifo se-Alzheimer's

Amayeza esifo sika-Alzheimer anokwahlulwahlulwa abe ngamacandelo amabini aphambili. Elinye liyeza elilawula iimpawu. Elinye liyeza elitsha elizama ukulawula ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, oko kukuthi, ukuba mandundu kwesi sifo.

1. Izithinteli zeCholinesterase

La ngamayeza aqhelekileyo anikwa izigulane ezikwinqanaba lokuqala neliphakathi lesifo sika-Alzheimer.

Zisebenza njani?

Ngamafutshane, ubuchopho bethu bunesithunywa sekhemikhali esibizwa ngokuba yi-acetylcholine , esibalulekileyo kwizinto ezifana nenkumbulo nokufunda. Kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, amanqanaba ale acetylcholine ayehla. Oko kwenziwa ngala mayeza kukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwe-acetylcholine engqondweni. Oku kuvumela ukuba imiyalezo ithunyelwe phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ngcono kancinci.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zezi zinto?

Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nesicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, isisu esibuhlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokudinwa.

2. I-Memantine

Eli yeza lidla ngokunikezelwa kubantu abakwinqanaba eliphakathi ukuya kwelona linzima lesi sifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha angalinika kunye neDonepezil ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani?

Esinye isithunywa sekhemikhali ebuchotsheni esibizwa ngokuba yi-glutamate siba phezulu kakhulu kwisifo sika-Alzheimer. Oku kungonakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo. I-Memantine isebenza ngokulawula la manqanaba e-glutamate. Oku kunokunceda ukuphucula ingqalelo yesigulana, ingqiqo, kunye nolwimi. Kunokunceda nokulawula iimpawu ezinje ngokungakwazi ukuzibamba, ubundlobongela, kunye nokubona/ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo .

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Ukuqhina kwesisu, isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokozela kunokwenzeka.

3. Amayeza amatsha ajolise kwi-amyloid deposits engqondweni

Ezi ziziphumo zamva nje kunyango lwe-Alzheimer's. Ezi ngamayeza akhethekileyo abizwa ngokuba yi-"monoclonal antibodies." La mayeza ajolise ngqo kwiiproteni eziyingozi ezibizwa ngokuba yi -amyloid plaques eziqokelelana engqondweni. Zinikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Okwangoku zivunyiwe kuphela kwizigulana ezikwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo.

• ILecanemab (Leqembi)
• I-Donanemab (Kisunla)

La mayeza aboniswe kwiimvavanyo ukuba anciphisa kakhulu ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi ezifana nokudumba kwengqondo okwethutyana okanye ukopha kancinci, ngoko ke anikwa ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye kuphela phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha.

Izinto ekufuneka uzazi xa unika isigulana amayeza

Njengomntu onyamekela umntu one-Alzheimer's, unoxanduva olukhulu, ingakumbi ukubanika amayeza akhe ngexesha. Zimbalwa izinto ekufuneka uzazi.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo:

Nangona isigulana sinokukwazi ukuzithatha amayeza ngokwaso ekuqaleni, sinokulibala kancinci kancinci. Yenza ezi zinto ukuze usincede.

• Sebenzisa umququzeleli weepilisi: Gcina amayeza akho ecwangcisiwe evekini. Kungcono ukuba nelinye elineziqendu zasekuseni, emva kwemini, nangokuhlwa.
• Zikhumbuze ngexesha: Seta i-alamu kwifowuni yakho. Okanye, ukuba unako, fowunela uze uzikhumbuze ngelo xesha.
• Thetha nabo: Babuze ngothando, "Ndingakunceda ufumane amayeza akho?" Bancede ngelixa uhlonipha ukuzimela kwabo.

Xa isifo sinzima:

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuya kufuneka uthathe uxanduva olupheleleyo lokunika amayeza.

• Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya iipilisi: Kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba umlomo wakho womile. Nika umntwana wakho amanzi ngaphambi kokuba umnike iyeza. Kodwa ukuba oko akusebenzi, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba iyeza lingacolwa lize lixutywe nokutya, okanye ukuba lifumaneka lilulwelo. Ayizizo zonke amayeza alungele ukucolwa , ngoko qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho.
• Ukuba bathi abanakusela iyeza: Musa ukulwa nabo. Oko kuya kubenza bacaphuke ngakumbi. Ngelo xesha, yeka ukulisela, linda ixesha elithile, uze uzame kwakhona. Mhlawumbi baya kulisela ukuba ubakhumbuza ngobunono, "Eli liyeza lengxaki yakho." Ukuba bayaqhubeka nokula, xelela ugqirha wakho.
• Gcina uluhlu lwamayeza: Bhala phantsi onke amayeza, iivithamini, kunye nomlinganiselo abawusebenzisayo, kunye nexesha abalisebenzisa ngalo. Thabatha olu luhlu xa usiya kubona ugqirha.
• Gcina amayeza akho ekhuselekile: Gcina onke amayeza kwikhabhathi etshixiweyo, kude nabantwana kunye nesigulana.