Ngaba intloko yomntwana wakho ibonakala inkulu kunezinye iintsana? Masithethe nge-(Megalencephaly)!

Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho mkhulu kancinci kunezinye iintsana ezilingana naye, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi iminqwazi kunye neebhanti zentloko ezinxitywa ngumntwana wakho zincinci kangangokuba kunzima ukufumana ubungakanani obufanelekileyo kwiminyaka yakhe. Ngaba oku kuyenzeka ngengozi nje, okanye yinto esifanele siyixhalabele kancinci? Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Megalencephaly", eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"Macrencephaly", enokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kuwe ngexesha elinje.

Ngoko ke yintoni le "Megalencephaly"?

Ngamafutshane, "iMegalencephaly" yimeko apho ingqondo yomntwana wakho iba nkulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga . Oku kudla ngokubakho xa ezalwa. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ingqondo ngokwayo iba nzima kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, ingqondo inobunzima obungaphezulu kunoko bekulindelwe ngokweminyaka yomntwana kunye nobukhulu bomzimba wakhe.

Enye yeempawu zokuqala zoku isenokuba yintloko enkulu ngokungaqhelekanga. Umntwana wakho usenokungakwazi ukunxiba iminqwazi okanye iibhanti zentloko ezifanelekileyo kwiminyaka yakhe kuba zincinci kakhulu.

Ukuba nengqondo enkulu ngamanye amaxesha kunokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokufumana ukulibaziseka kokukhula. Umzekelo, basenokucotha kunokuba bekulindelwe ukuthetha amazwi abo okuqala, ukukhasa, okanye ukuhamba.

Ixesha elininzi, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Megalencephaly" iyenzeka kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango. Eyona nto ibangela oku kukwahluka kwemfuza.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-`(Megalencephaly)`?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zale meko:

1. I-Primary Megalencephaly: Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-Benign Familyal Megalencephaly okanye i-Idiopathic Megalencephaly. Kwimeko enjalo, umntwana unengqondo enkulu, kodwa akukho zimpawu okanye iingxaki zemithambo-luvo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, omnye okanye bobabini abazali banokuba nentloko ende. Ubungakanani bentloko yomntwana wakho bunokunyuka kancinci kancinci de kube malunga neenyanga ezili-18 ubudala, emva koko bunokuqina.

2. I-Metabolic Megalencephaly: Oku kubangelwa ziimpazamo zokuzalwa kwi-metabolism, iqela leemeko zemfuza ezichaphazela indlela imizimba yethu esebenza ngayo ukutya.

3. I-Anatomic Megalencephaly: Olu hlobo lubangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuchaphazela uphuhliso lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana. Oku kuthathwa njengengxaki yophuhliso lwemithambo-luvo. Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiMegalencephaly idla ngokubonwa njengophawu lwesifo esingaphantsi kolu hlobo.

Ugqirha onyanga umntwana wakho mhlawumbi uya kugqiba uhlobo lwe-megalencephaly ngokusekelwe kwicala lobuchopho (i-hemisphere) elikhulu kunoko bekulindelwe:

• I-Unilateral Megalencephaly (i-Hemimegalencephaly / i-Unilateral Megalencephaly):Okwenzekayo koku kukuba icala elinye lobuchopho liba likhulu kunelinye.
• I-Bilateral Megalencephaly: Oku kuchaphazela omabini amacala obuchopho. I-Bilateral ithetha "macala omabini."

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Iimpawu ze-megalencephaly zinokwahluka. Abanye abantwana basenokungabi nazimpawu kwaye intloko yabo ikhulisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantwana banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula: Ukulibaziseka kwizinto ezifana nokuthetha nokuhamba, njengoko sele sitshilo.
• Isifo sokuwa (`Ukuxhuzula` / `Ukuxhuzula`): Oku kuthetha iimeko ezifana nokuxhuzula.
• Iingxaki ze-neurological: Ukungaqheleki kakuhle ekusebenzeni kwengqondo kunye nomqolo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-megalencephaly ingenzeka yodwa ngaphandle kweempawu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingenzeka kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-neurological kunye neziphene zokuzalwa. Kule meko, i-megalencephaly ibangelwa sisifo okanye imeko ethile.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonwa zezi:

• Intloko enkulu okanye engalinganiyo.
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba kunye nokulinganisela.
• Ukuqina okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha.
• Utshintsho kwimbono.

Ngoko ke, yintoni ebangela oku?

I-Megalencephaly ibangelwa sisiphene kwindlela iiseli zobuchopho bomntwana wakho ezikhula ngayo. Kukholelwa ukuba ibangelwa ikakhulu kukwahluka kwemfuza .

Inkqubo apho ii-neurons ezintsha, okanye iiseli zemithambo-luvo, zenziwa khona emizimbeni yethu ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Neuron proliferation)`. Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba wethu ulawula le nkqubo, uvelisa iiseli ngomlinganiselo ochanekileyo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kodwa kumntwana one-`(Megalencephaly)` ezi seli ziveliswa ngokugqithisileyo, okanye aziyi kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngelixa umntwana esakhula esibelekweni okanye njengenxalenye yesinye isifo.

Ziziphi ezinye izifo ezinokwenzeka xa kukho le meko?

I-Megalencephaly inokwenzeka nakwezinye izifo ezininzi kunye ne-syndromes, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo kunye nemvelaphi yemfuza.

Izifo ezinxulumene ne-Anatomic Megalencephaly:

Olu hlobo ludla ngokubonwa njengophawu lwezi meko zilandelayo:

• `(I-Achondroplasia)`
• `(Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome)`
• `(Isifo se-cephalo-polysyndactyly sikaGreig)`
• `(Isifo se-Opitz-Kaveggia)`
• `(Isifo sikaPretzel)`
• `(Isifo sikaSimpson-Golabi-Behmel)`
• `(Isifo sikaSotos)`
• `(Isifo seWeaver)`

Izifo ezinxulumene neMetabolic Megalencephaly:

Umntwana wakho usenokuba ne-megalencephaly kunye neempazamo zokuzalwa ze-metabolism. Ezi ziingxaki kwindlela umzimba oqhekeza ngayo ukutya kunye nokusebenzisa amandla. Ezi zingabandakanya iimeko ezifana nezi:

• Ukungaqheleki kwee-organic acids (`Organic acidurias`).
• I-metabolic encephalopathy, njengesifo saseCanavan kunye nesifo sase-Alexander.
• Izifo zokugcina izilwanyana ezibizwa ngokuba yiLysosomal, ezifana nesifo sikaTay-Sachs kunye nesifo sikaSandhoff.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yoku?

Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Megalencephaly" inokuchaphazela nawuphi na umntwana. Kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana . Kwezinye iimeko, inokuba yimfuza evela kusapho lwakho, okanye ingenzeka "ngamaxesha athile" ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.

Ifunyaniswa njani le meko? (`Ukuxilongwa`)

Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokurhanela ukuba une-megalencephaly emva kokuvavanya umntwana wakho nokwenza iimvavanyo ezimbalwa. Xa ehlola umntwana wakho, ugqirha uya kulinganisa umjikelo wentloko yomntwana wakho ngeteyipu yokulinganisa. Emva koko, baya kuthelekisa loo mlinganiselo namaxabiso aqhelekileyo obudala bomntwana, isini kunye nobude.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo zomfanekiso, ezifana ne-MRI, ukuze kujongwe ubuchopho bomntwana aze afumane naziphi na iingxaki.

Cinga ngale ndlela: I-MRI ifana nokuthatha umfanekiso wangaphakathi kwengqondo. Ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokucacileyo imo, ubungakanani, kunye naluphi na utshintsho engqondweni.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba kukho enye imeko engaphantsi kunye ne-megalencephaly, kusenokufuneka enze uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Olu vavanyo longezelelweyo lungabandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza.

Le meko idla ngokuchongwa nini?

Ngamanye amaxesha, abazali noogqirha bayaqaphela ukuba intloko yomntwana inkulu kwangoko emva kokuzalwa okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Le meko (megalencephaly) inokukhula njengoko umntwana ekhula, ngesiqhelo ngexesha lobuntwana nasebuntwaneni.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanangexesha le-ultrasound scan ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i-unilateral megalencephaly (ukwanda kwecala elinye lobuchopho) inokubonwa.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-megalencephaly. Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango olunokunceda umntwana wakho ukuba alawule iimpawu zakhe. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomntwana wakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuba kukho ukuxhuzula, kunikwa amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko , kwenziwe utyando lokuxhuzula .
• Ukuthatha inxaxheba kunyango olufana nonyango lombono, unyango lomzimba, unyango lomsebenzi, okanye unyango lokuthetha.
• Ukubhalisa kwiinkqubo zokungenelela kwangethuba okanye kwizifundo zemfundo ekhethekileyo esikolweni.

Ngubani oza kuba kwiqela lokunyamekela umntwana wakho?

Iqela elinamandla lokunyamekela umntwana wakho liya kuba khona ukunceda umntwana wakho ukuba alawule iimpawu ze-megalencephaly. Eli qela lingabandakanya:

• Iingcali zezingane.
• Iingcali ze-neurological.
• Iingcali zotyando lwengqondo.
• Iingcali zophuhliso.
• Iingcali zonyango lwentetho, ezomsebenzi kunye nezomzimba.

Liza kuba njani ikamva lomntwana kule meko?

Imbono yomntwana wakho ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo, ukuba iimpawu zinzima kangakanani kwaye yintoni imbangela eyintloko. Umntwana wakho usenokungabi nazo ezinye iimpawu ngaphandle kwentloko ekhulisiweyo kancinci. Okanye, iimpawu zinokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana wakho. Umzekelo, banokufuna uncedo olongezelelweyo ngemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla okanye banokufuna uncedo lokufunda esikolweni.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba umntwana ngamnye wahlukile. Ngoko ke, ngugqirha kuphela onyanga umntwana wakho onokukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho kunye nekamva lakhe.

Ingakanani ixesha lokuphila nge-`(Megalencephaly)`?

Ukuba imeko ayinzima kangako, oko kukuthi, ukuba incinci, isenokungabi nampembelelo ingako kubomi bomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko, umzekelo, ukuba imeko ihamba nenye imeko yezonyango enzulu, ubomi bomntwana bunokuba bufutshane kancinci. Iimpawu eziqatha, ezifana nesifo sokuwa, zinokuchaphazela nekamva lomntwana. Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho kunye nento omawuyilindele njengoko ekhula.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela le meko?

Okwangoku akukho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela i-megalencephaly. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyazi ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onayo le meko okanye unesikrokro esifanelekileyo, ungathetha nomcebisi wezemfuza. Banokukunceda uhlole umngcipheko wokuba nomntwana one-megalencephaly.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ezintsha okanye eziya ziba mandundu ze-megalencephaly, xelela ugqirha womntwana wakho. Kubalulekile nokugcina irekhodi lokukhula komntwana wakho kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho ukuba umntwana wakho akafikeleli kwinqanaba lokukhula (umz., ukuhlala phantsi engancediswanga, ukuthetha amagama okuqala) ngokweminyaka yakhe.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unesithuthwane okokuqala, fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-`(Macrocephaly)` kunye ne-`(Megalencephaly)`?

`(Macrocephaly)` ikwabizwa ngokuba yi`(Megacephaly)` okanye `(Megalocephaly)`, kuba ubukhulu bentloko bukhulu. Kwi`(Macrocephaly)`, umntwana unokuba nentloko enkulu, kodwa akufuneki ukuba kubekho ingxaki ngesakhiwo sobuchopho.

`(Megalencephaly)` (ingqondo enkulu) inokubangela `(Macrocephaly)` (intloko enkulu). Nangona kunjalo, `(Macrocephaly)` inokubangelwa `(hydrocephalus)` okanye `(hydrocephalus)`. Ngamafutshane, `(Megalencephaly)` sisizathu esinye kuphela se`(Macrocephaly)`.

Yintoni le `(Megalencephaly-capillary malformation - MCAP)`?

I-Megalencephaly-capillary malformation (MCAP) yimeko engaqhelekanga apho kukho ukukhula okugqithisileyo kolusu, imithambo yegazi, izicubu ezinxibelelanayo, kunye nezicubu zobuchopho.

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga imeko `(MCAP)` xa bezalwa. Abantwana abazalwa bene `(MCAP)` banezi mpawu:

• Ingqondo ekhulisiweyo (`Megalencephaly`).
• Intloko enkulu (`Macrocephaly`).
• Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu - Oku kukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu.

Yintoni le `(Megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus - MPPH)`?

I-Megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus (MPPH) yimeko echaphazela indlela ingqondo yomntwana wakho ekhula ngayo. Basenokuba nengqondo enkulu (megalencephaly), kwaye inokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala yobomi. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana, intshukumo yakhe, kunye nobukrelekrele bakhe.

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo! (Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya)

Ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho inkulu kakhulu kunomzimba wakhe wonke, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nexhala. Kungathatha ixesha ukuba umntwana wakho azibambele intloko okanye akhe amandla okuhlala ethe nkqo. Iqela lokhathalelo lomntwana wakho liza kwenza uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba kutheni ingqondo yomntwana wakho inkulu kunokuba bekulindelwe.

Khumbula, intloko enkulu ayisoloko ithetha ingxaki enkulu. Kwezinye iimeko, i-megalencephaly ilula kwaye akukho nto ibalulekileyo yokuyikhathaza. Kwelinye icala, abanye abantwana banokufuna uncedo kunye nenkxaso yobomi bonke ukulawula iimpawu zabo. Le meko ayichaphazeli bonke abantwana ngendlela efanayo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuxilongwa komntwana wakho kunye nento onokuyilindela kwixesha elizayo.Ulwazi oluchanekileyo onokulufumana luvela kugqirha onyanga umntwana wakho. Musa ukoyika ukumbuza imibuzo nokuthetha ngayo yonke into esengqondweni yakho.

I- Megalencephaly, iMacrencephaly, intloko enkulu, intloko yomntwana inkulu, ukukhulisa ingqondo, izifo zabantwana, izifo zemfuza, ukulibaziseka kokukhula