Ngaba wakha wamamela ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho? Eso sandi sithi "lub-dub...lub-dub..." senziwa xa iindawo ezincinci ezifana nocango ngaphakathi entliziyweni yakho zivuleka zize zivaleke. Sibiza ezi ngcango ngokuthi "iivalvu." Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezona zibalulekileyo kwezi valve, "iMitral Valve," esebenza njengesango eliphambili elinika ubomi emzimbeni wethu. Ukwazi ngale nto kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho kunye nempilo yabathandekayo bakho.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iMitral Valve?
Khawuthelekelele intliziyo yakho njengendlu encinci enamagumbi amane. Amagumbi amabini aphezulu kunye namagumbi amabini asezantsi. Igazi lihamba phakathi kwala magumbi kwicala elinye. Ukuze oko kwenzeke, iingcango eziphakathi kwala magumbi kufuneka zivuleke kwaye zivalwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ivalvu ye-mitral lisango eliphakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekhohlo) kunye negumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekhohlo) kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho.
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuvula ucango ukuze igazi elineoksijini elivela emiphungeni lidlule ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekhohlo ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Emva koko, njengoko i-ventricle yasekhohlo ipompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba, ezi ngcango zimbini ziyavaleka ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli kwigumbi eliphezulu. Le nkqubo yingakho yonke iseli emzimbeni wakho ifumana ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo.
Ngamafutshane, ivalvu ye-mitral lisango lokhuseleko elibaluleke kakhulu elivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela.
Yenziwa njani le valve?
Ivalvu ye-mitral sisakhiwo esithambileyo kakhulu, kodwa esomeleleyo kakhulu. Ineendawo ezininzi eziphambili:
- Iincwadana: Ineencwadana ezimbini eziphambili ezenziwe ngethishu ebhityileyo. Ezi zifana neenxalenye ezimbini zocango ezivulekayo nezivalayo. Elinye likhulu kancinci, elinye lincinci. Ezi ncwadana zimbini ziyavuleka zivala ngokubetha kwentliziyo nganye.
- I-Chordae Tendineae: Njengeentambo zeparashuti, la maphetshana mabini anamathele kwimisipha esezantsi yentliziyo yinethiwekhi yeentambo eziqinileyo nezincinci. Ezi zezona sizibiza ngokuba yi-``(Chordae Tendineae)``. Ngaphandle kwezi ntambo, amaphetshana evalvu anokuwa ngokungenakulawulwa.
- Izihlunu zePapillary: Ezi ntambo zibanjwe kunye ziikholamu ezimbini ezincinci zemisipha eludongeni lwentliziyo. Zidibene, ezi misipha kunye neentambo zilawula intshukumo yamaphecana evalvu.
- I-Annulus: Amaphetshana amabini evalvu anamathele kwisangqa sethishu esomeleleyo esimile okwe-D. Yile nto inika ivalvu imo yayo eqinileyo.
Kungenxa yokuba zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kunye kwaye zilungelelana ngendlela emangalisayo, okwenza ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho kube lula.
Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ivalvu ye-mitral?
Ngamanye amaxesha, ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ivalvu ye-mitral inokuba yinto engasebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko intliziyo yakho kufuneka isebenze nzima kunesiqhelo ukupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni wakho. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi meko.
| Igama lemeko | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| I-Mitral Valve Prolapse | Xa ivalvu ivala, amaphetshana ayo amabini awavali kakuhle, aze atyibilike kancinci aye kwigumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekhohlo). Kufana nocango olungavali kakuhle xa umoya uvuthuza. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokubangela ukuba igazi liphume kwivalvu. |
| Ukuhlaziywa kweValve yeMitral | Ngenxa yokuba ivalvu ayivali kakuhle, xa igazi liphuma kwigumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekhohlo), elinye livuza libuyela kwigumbi eliphezulu. Oku kufana namanzi aphuma kumbhobho ovuzayo. |
| I-Mitral Valve Stenosis | Iivalvu ezivalayo ziba nkulu kwaye ziqine, kwaye azivuli kakuhle. Njengesivalo somnyango esinomhlwa. Oku kuthintela igazi elaneleyo ekuphumeni lisuka kwigumbi eliphezulu liye kwigumbi elingaphantsi. |
| Ivalvu yeMitral ene-orifice ephindwe kabini | Esi sisiphene sokwakheka esizalwa naso. Endaweni yokuvula omnye kwivalvu, kuvulwa imingxunya emibini. Enye okanye zombini ezi mingxunya inokuba mxinwa okanye ivuze. |
Kutheni izinto ezinje zisenzeka?
Mhlawumbi uyazibuza, "Kutheni oku kusenzeka kwezi valve?" Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.
- Ukwaluphala: Njengoko sikhula, njengezinye iindawo zomzimba wethu, iivalvu zentliziyo zinokuba buthathaka kancinci kancinci kwaye zijiye nge-calcium deposits.
- Iziphene zokuzalwa: Abanye abantu banokuzalwa benesiphene sevalvu yokuzalwa.
- Umonakalo obangelwa kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo: Xa ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo konakalisa izihlunu zentliziyo, kunokuchaphazela nokusebenza kwevalvu.
- Izifo kunye nee-allergies: Iimeko ezifana nomkhuhlane wamathambo, owenzeka emva kokuba usulelo lomphimbo lunganyangwanga, kunye nosulelo oluchaphazela ulwelo lwangaphakathi lwentliziyo, olufana ne-endocarditis, lunokonakalisa iivalvu.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Izifo zemfuza ezichaphazela izicubu zomzimba ezinxibelelanayo, ezifana neMarfan Syndrome, nazo zinokubangela ubuthathaka bevalve.
- Unyango ngemitha: Ukuba wafumana unyango ngemitha yomhlaza kwindawo yesifuba usengumntwana, lunokuchaphazela neevalvu kwixesha elizayo.
Uyazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki kwivalvu? Zithini iimpawu?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, kusenokungabikho zimpawu kangangeminyaka emininzi nokuba kukho ingxaki kwivalvu ye-mitral. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko imeko isiba mandundu kancinci kancinci, iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | |
|---|---|
| Isandi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (Heart Murmur) | Isandi esingaqhelekanga esiviwa ngugqirha nge-stethoscope. Olu luphawu lokuqala lwesifo se-valve. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ingakumbi xa udiniwe, xa unyuka izinyuko, okanye xa ugobile. |
| Ukudinwa | Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka | Ukudinwa ngequbuliso okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Ukuziva uxinezelekile okanye intlungu esifubeni. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza, ibetha ngamandla, okanye itshintsha isigqi. |
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Kusenokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze uqiniseke.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni xa ezi meko ziba nzima?
Ukuba izifo zevalvu azinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ezinokuba yingozi nakubomi .
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho sentliziyo `(Arrhythmia)`
- Ulwelo oluzalisa imiphunga
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga
- Istroke
- Ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac
Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Uza kukwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze akuxelele ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unengxaki okanye akunjalo.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezijonga impilo yevalvu ye-mitral?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, akuhlole, aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumelele iimvavanyo ezininzi ezifana nezi.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Auscultation: Olu lolona vavanyo lulula. Ugqirha unokuva ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ukuze ajonge naziphi na iingxaki, ezifana nokudumba kwentliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Olu luvavanyo oluthatha ividiyo yentliziyo. Luyayibona ngokucacileyo imilo yevalvu, intshukumo yayo, nokuba ivuza igazi okanye iyancipha.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Uvavanyo olurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Oku kunceda ekuboneni utshintsho kwisingqisho sentliziyo.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: I-EKG kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi zijongwa ngelixa uhamba okanye ubaleka kwi-treadmill. Oku kunceda ukubona indlela intliziyo yakho echaphazeleka ngayo kukuzilolonga.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba intliziyo ikhuphukile na kunye nolwelo olukwimiphunga.
- Ezinye iiskeni: Ngamanye amaxesha iimvavanyo ezifana neskeni ethi `(CT)` okanye `(Heart MRI)` nazo zinokufuneka.
- Ukufakwa kweCatheterization yentliziyo: Ityhubhu encinci idluliselwa ngomthambo osengalweni okanye emlenzeni ukuya entliziyweni ukuze kulinganiswe uxinzelelo olungaphakathi entliziyweni kwaye kujongwe ukusebenza kwayo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo se-mitral valve, ungoyiki. Namhlanje, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu loku. Ugqirha wakho uya kumisela unyango olungcono ngokusekelwe kubukhali bemeko yakho.
- Amayeza: Amayeza ahlukeneyo anikwa ukulawula iimpawu nokuthintela iingxaki. Umzekelo, amayeza okukhupha amanzi agqithisileyo emzimbeni, amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye namayeza okulungisa isigqi sentliziyo.
- Utyando kunye nezinye iindlela:
- Ukulungiswa kweValve yeMitral: Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, oogqirha baya kuzama ukulungisa nokulungisa ivalve yakho. Olu lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.
- Ukutshintshwa kweValve yeMitral: Ukuba ivalve yonakele kangangokuba ayilungiseki, iyasuswa ize ithathelwe indawo yivalve yokwenziwa (eyenziwe ngesinyithi okanye ngezicubu zesilwanyana).
- Inkqubo yebhaluni (Mitral Valve Commissurotomy): Kwimeko apho ivalvu inciphile (stenosis), ibhaluni idluliselwa emthanjeni ukuze ivule ivalvu enciphileyo.
Kule mihla, ubuchwepheshe buhambele phambili kangangokuba uninzi lwale misebenzi yotyando lunokwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, ukuchacha kuyakhawuleza.
Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine iivalvu zethu zentliziyo ziphilile?
Nangona singenakuthintela ezinye izifo zevalvu, singayigcina impilo yentliziyo iyonke ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye ne-caffeine.
- Lawula uxinzelelo. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca kunye neyoga zinokunceda.
- Gcina amazinyo nolusu lwakho lucocekile. Iintsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni ngezi zinto zinokuchaphazela intliziyo.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo. Khetha ukutya okunamafutha agcweleyo nangenazo ii-trans.
- Hlala usenza umthambo phantse iintsuku ezininzi zeveki. Yenza umthambo ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, njengokuhamba.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ivalvu ye-mitral lisango elincinci entliziyweni yakho elibalulekileyo ebomini.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa kakhulu, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo.
- Ukuba unesifo sevalvu, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngexesha.
- Ungakhathazeki! Namhlanje, kukho unyango olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo lwesifo se-mitral valve.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni sesona sipho sihle onokusinika intliziyo yakho.
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