Kwenzeka ntoni esibhedlele emva kokuba umntwana wakho omncinci ezelwe? (Ukhathalelo lweentsana ezisandula ukuzalwa)

Usuku oluhle noluxabisekileyo ebomini bakho lufikile. Intombazana okanye inkwenkwe ifikile ezandleni zakho. Uvuyo oluvayo ngeli xesha alunakuchazwa ngamazwi, akunjalo? Kwangaxeshanye, kukho uloyiko oluncinci kunye nexhala kwikona enye yentliziyo yakho. Imibuzo efana nokuthi "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ngoku?", "Ngaba umntwana uphilile?", "Baza kwenza ntoni esibhedlele?" mhlawumbi idlula entlokweni yakho. Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngento eyenzekayo esibhedlele emva kokuba umntwana wakho efikile kweli hlabathi, ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Izinto ezenzeka emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe

Emva kokuba ubelethile, abasebenzi bezonyango baza kuqala ukukhathalela umntwana wakho ngokukhawuleza. Eli lixesha elibaluleke kakhulu.

Okokuqala, benza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Yomisa umntwana kakuhle: Umntwana ebesebufudumaleni besibeleko sikanina ixesha elide. Xa sele ephumile, ubushushu bendawo butshintsha. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukomisa umntwana ngokukhawuleza uze umgcine efudumele.
• Ukucoca indlela yomoya: Impumlo nomlomo womntwana zisuswa ngononophelo kwi-mucus kusetyenziswa ityhubhu encinci okanye ilaphu. Oku kwenzelwa ukunceda umntwana aphefumle ngcono ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
• Ukusonga ngelaphu elifudumeleyo: Emva kokumomisa nokucoca umntwana, msonge kakuhle ngelaphu elifudumeleyo nelicocekileyo.

Emva koko, ugqirha wabantwana okanye umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo uza kuza aze ajonge impilo yomntwana ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntwana unezi mpawu, unyango olungxamisekileyo aludingi nyango lungxamisekileyo:

• Ukuba ukukhulelwa kugqityiwe kwaye umntwana uzelwe (iiveki ezingama-37 zigqityiwe).
• Ukuba kukho ukusebenza kakuhle kwezihlunu (ukuba iingalo nemilenze zihamba kakuhle).
• Ukuba akukho bunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuba amanqaku e-Apgar akwinqanaba elaneleyo.

Ukuba konke oku kulungile, ungambamba umntwana wakho ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuqhagamshelana nolusu, okanye iKangaroo Care . Iingenelo zoku zininzi.

• Inceda umntwana ukuba aqhele imeko-bume entsha emva kokuphuma esibelekweni.
• Ubudlelwane phakathi komama nomntwana buqina kakhulu.
• Oku kunceda ukwandisa imveliso yobisi lukamama.

Nokuba ubelethe umntwana wakho ngexesha lokubeleka okuqhelekileyo okanye ngotyando lwe-caesarean, ungacela olu qhagamshelwano phakathi kolusu nolusu ngokukhawuleza.

Ithini i-Apgar Score?

Emva komzuzu omnye nemizuzu emihlanu emva kokuzalwa, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kwenza uvavanyo lwe-Apgar. Olu luvavanyo olulula olunika umbono okhawulezileyo ngempilo yomntwana. Izinto ezi-5 oluzijongayo kulula kakhulu ukuzikhumbula. Livela kwigama elithi APGAR.

Indawo nganye kwezi inikwa amanqaku angama-0, 1, okanye ama-2. Emva koko, onke amanqaku ama-5 adityaniswa. Ukusuka kumanqaku ewonke (aphezulu ali-10), oogqirha bagqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwengqwalasela umntwana aludingayo ngelo xesha. Amanqaku asi-7 nangaphezulu athetha ukuba umntwana ukwimeko entle kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki ukuba amanqaku aphantsi. Kuthetha nje ukuba oogqirha kufuneka benze into ethile, njengokunika umntwana uncedo oluncinci lokuphefumla.

Unyango olubalulekileyo olunikwa iintsana esibhedlele

Ukukhusela umntwana kwizifo, unyango olubalulekileyo lunikwa emva nje kokuzalwa.

Amaconsi amehlo

Xa umntwana ezalwa, iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo zingangena emehlweni njengoko zidlula kumjelo wokuzalwa. Ezi zinokubangela usulelo olukhulu lwamehlo, ngamanye amaxesha zide zibangele nokulahlekelwa yimbono. Ukuthintela oku, amaconsi okanye amafutha okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziswa emehlweni omntwana.

Inaliti yeVitamin K

Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zinezinga eliphantsi kakhulu levithamini K emizimbeni yazo. Ivithamini K ibalulekile ekunqandeni ukopha kwegazi. Ngoko ke, ukuthintela ukopha kakhulu (ukopha igazi) okunokwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwevithamini K, zonke iintsana zinikwa inaliti yevithamini K kwangoko emva kokuzalwa. Ukuba oku kukopha kwenzeka engqondweni, kunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade engqondweni. Yiyo loo nto le naliti ibaluleke kangaka.

Ukugonywa kweentsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa

Inkqubo yokugonya ukukhusela ubomi bomntwana iqala kwangoko emva kokuzalwa.

• Ugonyo lweHepatitis B: Olu gonyo lukhusela umntwana kwintsholongwane yeHepatitis B. Le ntsholongwane inokubangela isifo sesibindi esingapheliyo. Nokuba umama okanye utata unesifo okanye akanaso, umntwana angasifumana ngezinye iindlela, ngoko ke iWorld Health Organisation icebisa ukuba zonke iintsana zinikwe olu gonyo xa zizalwa. Olu lugonyo lwedosi ezintathu. Elokuqala linikwa xa umntwana ezalwa, kwaye ezinye ezimbini zinikwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nonyaka omnye ubudala.
• Isitofu sokugonya se-RSV: Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-antibody ye-monoclonal ebizwa ngokuba yi-Nirsevimab ukukhusela umntwana wakho kwi- respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) . Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze:
• Ukuba umntwana uzelwe ngexesha apho intsholongwane ye-RSV ixhaphake khona (ngesiqhelo ngexesha lemvula eSri Lanka).
• Ukuba umama akafumananga i-RSV efanelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Uvavanyo oluQhelekileyo lweeNtsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa

Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezingabonakaliyo ekuzalweni, kodwa zinokunyangwa kwaye zinyangeke lula ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba. Ukuze zifunyanwe, umntwana ngamnye unikwa uthotho lovavanyo. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthatha ithontsi elincinci legazi esithendeni somntwana .

Ezinye zeemeko eziphambili zonyango ezivavanyiweyo ngale sampuli yegazi zezi:

• I-Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• I-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa
• Isifo seSickle cell
• Icystic fibrosis
• Ezinye izifo zemetabolism (Iimpazamo zokuzalwa zemetabolism)

Ukongeza, kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi:

• Uvavanyo lokuva: Ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki zokuthetha nezolwimi kwixesha elizayo, kuyajongwa ukuva komntwana.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Pulse Oximeter: Isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-clip sibekwa emnweni womntwana ukuze kulinganiswe inqanaba le-oksijini egazini. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni ubukho besifo sentliziyo esibalulekileyo (i-CCHD), imeko engaqhelekanga enokuba nzima ukuyifumanisa.
• Uvavanyo lwe-jaundice:Inqanaba le-bilirubin egazini lomntwana liyajongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba liphezulu na. Iintsana ezininzi zinombala otyheli kancinci wolusu, kodwa olu vavanyo lubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba lukwinqanaba eliyingozi na.

Ezinye izinto ezenzekayo ngelixa usesibhedlele

Ngaphandle kokubonakala emhle kwiimpahla ezincinci ozipakishe kakuhle ebhegini yakho yasesibhedlele, umntwana wakho uza kujongana nezinye izinto ezimbalwa.

Ukondla

Ukuze uthintele ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, usana lwakho kufuneka lunikwe ukutya rhoqo. Ukuba uncancisa, abasebenzi baya kulandelela ixesha olichithayo kunye nezihlandlo ozinika zona. Ukuba unika ubisi oluyifomyula, baya kwazi ubungakanani bobisi olunikayo. Musa ukuba namahloni okufuna uncedo kumcebisi wobisi esibhedlele oza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nokuncancisa. Nokuba ungumama wokuqala, umama wesibini, okanye umama wesithathu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufunde into entsha.

Ibhafu Yokuqala

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) icebisa ukuba ulinde ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe umntwana. Ngaphambili, iintsana zazihlanjwa kwangoko emva kokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukulibazisa ukuhlamba kunokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Inceda ekulawuleni ubushushu bomzimba womntwana.
• Ithintela ulusu ukuba lungatshi.
• Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba oku kuchaphazela nempumelelo yokuncancisa.

Ekubeni kuthatha iveki okanye ezimbini ukuba isikhondo sentamo yomntwana some, kungcono ukumnika isitya sokuhlamba ngesiponji ukuze angamanzi.

I-Meconium

Oogqirha banika ingqalelo enzulu ekubeni umntwana unesisu esiphumayo na kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-24-48 emva kokuzalwa. Eli ndle lokuqala libizwa ngokuba yi-meconium . Limnyama, lityebile, kwaye linamathela . Libuyela kumbala walo otyheli oqhelekileyo emva kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.

Ulwaluko

Ukuba umntwana oyinkwenkwe uzelwe, ngemvume yabazali, ulwaluko lunokwenziwa kungekapheli usuku okanye ezimbini emva kokuzalwa. Oku kuquka ukususwa kwejwabu lelungu lesini. Ukuze kwenzeke oku, umntwana kufuneka ukuba unikwe inaliti yevithamini K.

Uza kuya nini ekhaya uvela esibhedlele?

Ngokwesiqhelo, umntwana ophilileyo angabuyela ekhaya kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kumama okanye kumntwana, ukuhlala esibhedlele kungathatha ixesha elide.

Nangona usenokuba ungxamile ukuya ekhaya uyokuqala ubomi bakho obutsha, oogqirha bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba bakuthumele ekhaya wena nomntwana wakho. Basoloko benomdla kuwe nakumntwana wakho. Musa ukoyika ukubabuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo, nokuba mincinci kangakanani na.