Ngaba udinga ugqirha ojonga amathambo namalungu? Masithethe ngoGqirha wamathambo/uGqirha wamathambo!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esibalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu emzimbeni wakho, iintlungu zamalungu, okanye ukungakhululeki xa uhamba? Sibiza bani xa oko kusenzeka? Namhlanje sithetha ngengcali eza kusinceda ngamaxesha anjalo - loo nto ngugqirha wamathambo, okanye njengoko sonke simazi, ugqirha obizwa ngokuba ngugqirha wamathambo. Abanye bambiza ngokuba ngugqirha wamathambo.

Ngubani lo gqirha wamathambo?

Ngamafutshane, ugqirha wamathambo ngugqirha ogxile ekunyangeni iingxaki kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemisipha, kuquka amathambo, amalungu, izihlunu kunye nemisipha . Banokukunceda ukuphelisa iintlungu, ushukume ngcono, kwaye usebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.

Zithini ezi ngxaki zemisipha?

Oku kungabonakala ngathi ligama elikhulu, kodwa kulula. Libhekisa kwiingxaki zamalungu omzimba wethu asinceda sishukume kwaye sishukume. Cinga ngemizimba yethu njengomatshini owenziwe ngamalungu ngamanye. Ezinye zezona ndawo ziphambili zalo "matshini" yinkqubo yemisipha:

• Amathambo: La mathambo enza amathambo omzimba wethu.
• I-Cartilage: Yindawo efana nomqamelo phakathi kwamalungu ethintela amathambo ukuba angakhuhlani.
• Amalunga: Iindawo apho amathambo amabini adibana khona (umz. idolo, ingqiniba).
• Iiligamenti: Izakhiwo eziqinileyo, ezifana nebhendi ezidibanisa amathambo kunye.
• Izihlunu: Ziinxalenye ezinceda umzimba ukuba ushukume kwaye unciphe.
• Iimithambo-luvo: Iimithambo-luvo ezithwala imiyalezo evela engqondweni emzimbeni wonke, zisivumela ukuba sive iintlungu nokuchukumisa.
• Imisipha: Iintambo eziqinileyo ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo.

Ukuba kukho ingxaki nakweyiphi na kwezi ndawo, ingathathwa njengengxaki yemisipha nemisipha.

Zeziphi izifo ezinyangwa ngugqirha wamathambo?

Aba gqirha banyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo kunye neemeko. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• I-Arthritis: Intlungu ebangelwa kukonakala kwamalungu, ingakumbi i-osteoarthritis.
• Iithumba ezithambileyo ezithambileyo.
• Umhlaza wamathambo.
• I-Bursitis - Ukudumba kweengxowa ezizaliswe lulwelo kufutshane namalungu.
• Iziphene zokuzalwa: Umzekelo, i-clubfoot kunye ne-hip dysplasia.
• Intlungu entanyeni nasezantsi komqolo.
• Ukulimala kwamathambo: Izinto ezifana nokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo.
• Ukuqhekeka kunye nokuxinana.
• I-Tendinitis - Ukuvuvukala kwe-tendon.
• I-Scoliosis - Ukugoba komqolo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweRheumatologist kunye neOrthopedic Surgeon?

Abantu abaninzi banale ngxaki. Bobabini aba gqirha bagxile kwizifo ezinxulumene namathambo ethu, amalungu kunye nezihlunu. Bobabini banyanga izifo ezithile ezifana ne-arthritis, iintlungu zomqolo, kunye ne-osteoporosis. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo.

• Iingcali zotyando lwamathambo ziyawenza utyando . Iingcali zotyando lwamathambo azidli ngokwenza utyando.
• Ugqirha wamathambo ugxila kakhulu kwiingxaki ezibangelwa kukwenzakala, iziphene zokuzalwa, kunye nezifo eziwohlokayo ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa komzimba ixesha elide .
• Kwelinye icala, ingcali yezifo zamathambo inyanga izifo ezibangelwa zizifo zomzimba ezichaphazela umzimba wonke. Ezi zinokubangelwa ziingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-lupus, i-vasculitis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, kunye nezinye izifo ezingaqhelekanga ezizuzwa njengelifa.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha aba gqirha babini basebenzisana ukunyanga izigulana. Umzekelo, ukuba une-rheumatoid arthritis, ingcali ye-rheumatologist kunye nogqirha we-orthopedic banokusebenzisana ukukunika unyango olungcono.

Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa ngugqirha wamathambo?

Abanye oogqirha bamathambo banyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zeengxaki zamathambo (iingcali zempilo jikelele). Oku kuthetha ukuba abazibekeli bucala kwindawo enye ethile. Abanye bafumana uqeqesho olongezelelekileyo kwindawo ethile kwaye bangoochwephesha ekunyangeni iimeko ezinxulumene naloo ndawo.

Nazi ezinye zeengcali ze-orthopedic:

• Utyando lweenyawo namaqatha.
• Utyando lwezandla kunye nolwesinqe esingaphezulu.
• Utyando lokutshintshwa kwamalungu.
• I-Orthopedic Oncology - Unyango lwee-tumor kunye nomhlaza wamathambo kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo.
• Ukulimala kwamathambo - ukwenzakala okukhulu okufana nokuphuka kwamathambo.
• Utyando lwamathambo lwabantwana - Iingxaki zamathambo namalungu ebantwaneni.
• Utyando lomqolo.
• Amayeza ezemidlalo - ukwenzakala kunye neengxaki zabadlali.

Luhlobo luni loqeqesho lwezonyango olufunyanwa ngaba gqirha bamathambo?

Olu ayilulo uhambo olulula. Ukuba ngugqirha wamathambo kufuna iminyaka eli-14 yoqeqesho lwezonyango .

• Okokuqala, isidanga sesayensi seminyaka emine (izifundo zesidanga sokuqala).
• Emva koko iminyaka emine yokufunda ubugqirha. Esi sinokuba sisidanga sezonyango sendabuko, esibizwa ngokuba yi-M.D. (uGqirha wezonyango), okanye imfundo ye-osteopathic, esibizwa ngokuba yi-D.O. (uGqirha we-Osteopathy). Aba gqirha be-D.O. baqwalasela ngokukodwa ingqondo yomntu, umzimba, nomoya wakhe, kwaye balandela indlela yokunyanga 'umntu wonke'.
• Okulandelayo, kufuneka ugqibezele i-orthopedic residency, edla ngokuthatha iminyaka emihlanu. Kulapho ufumana khona amava okusebenza esibhedlele kwaye ufunde ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando kunye nonyango.
• Ukuba ufuna ukuchwetheza kwelinye icandelo, njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, kuya kufuneka ugqibe omnye unyaka okanye emibini yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo (ubudlelane).

Emva kokuba konke oku kwenziwe, banokuba ngoogqirha bamathambo abaqinisekisiweyo yibhodi. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka baphumelele neemviwo ezikhethekileyo. Emva koko, kufuneka baqhubeke nokufunda izinto ezintsha kwaye bahlaziye ulwazi lwabo lwezonyango (ukuqhubeka nemfundo yezonyango).

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wamathambo?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kungaba ngumbono olungileyo ukubona ugqirha wamathambo:

• Ukuba kukho isandi esithi 'kiri kiri' okanye esithi 'tok' xa indawo efanelekileyo ishukunyiswa.
• Ukuba kukho ukudumba okanye ukubomvu (ukudumba) kwilungu.
• Ukuba uneentlungu zamalungu .
• Ukuba uziva ungenazimvakalelo okanye urhawuzelelwa .
• Ukuba unentshukumo encinci ngenxa yentlungu.
• Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile okanye uqinile emzimbeni wakho .

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngaphandle kokuzityeshela.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele kwintlanganiso yam yokuqala?

Kulungile, masithi ubusandula ukuya kubona ugqirha. Ngosuku lokuqala, nantsi into enokwenzeka rhoqo:

• Ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe ngeempawu zakho , imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo . Baza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neengxaki onazo, ixesha osele unazo, kunye nokuba ziqala nini ukuba mandundu.
• Umzimba wakho uza kuhlolwa. Baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, ingakumbi xa bechukumisa ilungu elichaphazelekayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo . Baza kujonga nokuba indawo idumbile, ibomvu, okanye ibuhlungu na xa uyichukumisa.
• Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo, olufana ne-X-ray, ukujonga imeko yamathambo akho.
• Ichaza isifo sakho.
• Okulandelayo, baza kukuxelela ngeengcebiso zonyango .

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ufuna ukujonga nzulu, kufuneka i-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan.Ingenziwa ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi zinokunyamekela kakuhle kungekuphela nje amathambo, kodwa kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo ezifana ne-cartilage kunye ne-tendon. Kwimeko enjalo, kusenokungabi lula ukubona ngqo ukuba siyintoni isifo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango ngosuku lokuqala. Okwangoku, ugqirha uya kukucebisa ukuba unciphise iimpawu.

Ngaba ukudibana nogqirha wamathambo kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka utyando ngokuqinisekileyo?

Hayi, akukho nto injalo konke konke! Loo mbono iphosakeleyo abantu abaninzi abanayo. Kwangoko nje xa sisiva igama elithi "ugqirha," siyoyika ukuba kuya kufuneka sityandwe.

Oogqirha bamathambo bagxile kwiindlela ezingezizo zotyando kunye nezotyando. Utyando lusenokuba lolona khetho lokuqala xa umntu enengxaki yamathambo okanye ezalwa eneengxaki zotyando.

Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezininzi, oogqirha bazama unyango olungelulo utyando kuqala. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka unyango olungaphezu kolunye ukuze kufunyanwe isiqabu esihlala ixesha elide. Kuqhelekile ukuzama unyango oluninzi ngaxeshanye. Kuphela ukuba akukho nanye kwezi ndlela zonyango ephelisa iimpawu zakho apho kufuneka ucinge ngotyando. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela iinkcukacha, iingozi kunye neenzuzo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezingasebenzisi utyando ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha bamathambo?

Kulungile, makhe sibone ukuba yintoni enokwenziwa ngaphandle kotyando. Kukho unyango oluninzi olufana nolu:

• Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo: iibraces, iislings (njengebhanti exhonywe engalweni), iplasta yaseParis (iicasts - sizibiza ngokuba ziiPOPs) okanye iisplints (iisplints - iibhanti zexeshana ezibamba amathambo okanye amalungu endaweni yawo).
• Iinaliti ezidityanisiweyo: Amayeza e-steroid, anjenge-cortisone, ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba. Ngamanye amaxesha, iinaliti ezibizwa ngokuba yi-viscosupplementation, ezifaka i-lubricant kwi-joint, zingasetyenziswa.
• Amayeza angengo-opioid: Amayeza afana neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen (afanele athathwe njengoko ugqirha emyalele).
• Unyango lomzimba: Uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kunye nonyango lokukhulula izihlunu eziqinileyo, ukuqinisa izihlunu, kunye nokunyusa ukuhamba kwamalungu.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Lukunceda ukuba wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, efana nokunxiba nokutya, kwakhona ngokulula ukuba inzima ngenxa yokugula.
• Unyango lwe-plasma etyebileyo ngeeplatelet (PRP): Oku kubandakanya ukwahlula iiplatelet egazini lakho uze uzifake kwakhona kwindawo yengxaki. Olu nyango lusasetyenziswa ekulingweni kwezinye iimeko.
• Ii-Orthotics:Izihlangu ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zizinto ezikhethekileyo ezinceda ekubekeni unyawo ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ezi zinokunciphisa iintlungu zeenyawo.

Zeziphi iintlobo zotyando ezenziwa ngoogqirha bamathambo?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando oluqhutywa ngaba gqirha. Uhlobo lotyando olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho. Nazi imizekelo embalwa.

Iinkqubo zeenyawo kunye neqakala

• Ukulungiswa kwemisipha ye-Achilles
• Utyando lokulungisa i-Bunion - ithambo eliphumayo kubhontsi omkhulu.
• Utyando lweHammertoe - imeko apho iinzwane zigobile khona.
• Utyando lokukhulula i-Plantar fasciitis - ngenxa yentlungu esezantsi konyawo.
• Ukutshintshwa kweqatha elipheleleyo okanye ukuhlanganiswa

Utyando lwezandla kunye nolwemilenze engentla

• Utyando lwe-carpal tunnel syndrome (ukukhululwa kwe-Carpal tunnel) - lokuthintela ukungakhululeki kwesandla.
• Utyando lwe-Dupuytren's contracture - imeko apho iminwe ingenakwandiswa khona.
• Ukususwa kwe-Ganglion cyst - I-cyst egcwele ulwelo eyakheka kwindawo yesandla.
• Utyando lwe-Rotator cuff - ukulungisa i-tendon ekrazukileyo egxalabeni.
• Utyando lweminwe olubangela uqhushumbo - Imeko apho umnwe uziva ubambekile xa ugobile kwaye woluliwe.

Ukutshintshwa kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwejoyinti

• Ukutshintshwa kwesinqe ngokupheleleyo
• Ukutshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo nelingenanxalenye
• Ukutshintshwa kwamagxa ngokupheleleyo
• Iinkqubo ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana nokutshintshwa kwengqiniba okanye isihlalo

Ukhathalelo lweengxaki zamathambo

• Ukulungiswa kokuphazamiseka kwendawo
• Ukulungiswa kwamathambo aqhekekileyo - kusetyenziswa iingcingo kunye neepleyiti.
• Unyango lwe-non-union, malunion, okanye i-osteomyelitis emva kokuqhekeka.
• Utyando lokulungisa amathambo aphukileyo kakhulu okanye amalungu onakele kakhulu.

Utyando lomqolo

• I-Laminectomy - Ukususwa kwenxalenye yomqolo ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo lwemithambo-luvo.
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lomqolo - Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo.
• Ukuhlanganiswa komqolo - Utyando lokuzinzisa umqolo ngokudibanisa amathambo omqolo amabini okanye ngaphezulu.

Iinkqubo zokulimala kwezemidlalo

• Utyando lweMeniscus - ukulungisa i-cartilage ekrazukileyo edolweni.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) - ukulungisa i-ligament enkulu edolweni.
• Ukulungiswa kokukrazula kwe-Rotator cuff
• Utyando lweSinqe lokukrazula iinyembezi ze-labral

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ugqirha wamathambo ngumntu onceda abantu bayo yonke iminyaka abaneengxaki ezinxulumene namathambo, amalungu, kunye nezihlunu zabo. Abanye bagxile kwiindawo ezithile, njengeengalo, imilenze, kunye nomqolo. Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, lungela ukuthetha ngeempawu zakho, izifo zangaphambili, kunye nonyango ozamile.

Khumbula, ukubona ugqirha wamathambo akuthethi ukuba kufuneka utyando rhoqo.

Banika abantu abaninzi unyango olungenalo utyando olufana neenaliti kunye nonyango lomzimba. Ke ngoko, ukuba uziva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki emzimbeni okanye emalungwini akho, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha wamathambo kwaye ucele iingcebiso.

Ugqirha wamathambo , Ugqirha wamathambo, Izifo zamathambo, Izifo zamalungu, Iingxaki zeMisculoskeletal, Intlungu yoMqolo, Intlungu yeDolo, Utyando