Ngaba uyazi ngamalungu okwenziwa kunye neenkxaso? Ngubani ingcali yamazinyo kunye nengcali yamalungu okufakelwa?

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngabantu ababini ababalulekileyo kwicandelo lethu lezempilo, kodwa mhlawumbi asikaziva kangako ngabo. Babizwa ngokuba ziingcali ze-Orthotic kunye neengcali ze-Prosthetist. Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba ngoobani aba bantu kwaye benza ntoni. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Ngubani i-Orthology?

Khawucinge ukuba ingalo yakho, umlenze, okanye elinye ilungu lomzimba wakho alisebenzi kakuhle, okanye lifuna inkxaso. Kulapho ke sidinga khona uncedo lwalo mntu ubizwa ngokuba yi-orthotist. Ngamafutshane, i-orthotist ngumboneleli wezempilo owenza kwaye afake izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, okanye ii-orthotics, ezinceda ukuxhasa nokukhusela inkqubo yethu yemisipha kunye nemisipha. Ezi orthoses ziquka izinto ezifana neebraces , ii-splints , kunye nee-orthotic shoe inserts ezikhethekileyo. Ezi zinokuzinzisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu, zizilungise, zitshintshe indlela ubunzima obusasazwa ngayo, okanye zinciphise iintshukumo ezingeyomfuneko. Ukuba unesiphene somzimba okanye ukwenzakala, i-orthotist inokuyivavanya kwaye yenze i-orthosis eyenzelwe wena ukuze ilingane nayo.

Zeziphi iimeko ezinyangwa yingcali yamazinyo?

Ngoku makhe sijonge ukuba kufuneka uye nini kwingcali yamathambo. Ungacela uncedo kwingcali yamathambo ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukwenzakala kwenkqubo yemisipha: Cinga ngethambo elaphukileyo okanye ukukruneka. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-orthotics inokunceda ukuthintela ukuhamba, ukuzinza, kunye nokukhusela indawo eyonzakeleyo ngelixa iphola. Zinokunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo kwinxeba.
• Ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo yemisipha: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne -scoliosis ( ukugoba komqolo), i-hip dysplasia (ukukhubazeka kwethambo lesinqe), okanye ukukhubazeka kweenyawo ezifana neenyawo ezisicaba okanye unyawo olugobileyo (iinyawo ezigobileyo). Ezi orthoses zinokunceda ukulungisa ezi ngxaki okanye ukuthintela ukuba zingabi mbi.
• Ingxaki ye-neuromuscular ebangela ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye/okanye ukuqina kwemisipha (spasticity): Njengeemeko ezifana ne -cerebral palsy okanye i-stroke , ezi zixhobo ze-orthotic zinokubonelela ngenkxaso kwiindawo ezibuthathaka kwaye zinciphise imiphumo yokuqina kwemisipha.
• Ingxaki yentlungu engapheliyo echaphazela inkqubo yakho yemisipha: umzekelo , isifo samathambo ,Izinto ezifana ne-carpal tunnel syndrome, okanye ukwenzakala okungapheliyo. La malungu omzimba anokususa ubunzima kwindawo ebuhlungu aze abuthumele kwenye indawo.

Ngoko ke ngubani ingcali yeeprosthetist?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba ngubani ingcali yeeprosthetist. Ingcali yeeprosthetist yingcali eyenza kwaye ifake iindawo zeeprosthetist (iiprosthetist) ukuze zithathe indawo yamalungu omzimba wethu angekhoyo. Khawucinge ukuba umntu akanangalo, umlenze, isandla, unyawo, okanye umnwe. Kwimeko enjalo, ingcali yeeprosthetist inokwenza ingalo okanye umlenze weeprosthetist ofanelana nawe, ofanelana neemfuno zakho, kwaye obukeka umhle. Akupheleli apho, ikwakunceda ukuba uqhele, uyilungise, kwaye uyilungise njengoko kufuneka.

Zeziphi iimeko ezinyangwa yingcali yokwenziwa kwamalungu omzimba?

Ingcali yeeprosthetisti inceda kakhulu abantu abaphulukene namalungu kunye namalungu akhubazekileyo. Ungabona ingcali yeeprosthetisti ukuba unayo:

• Unomahluko wokuzalwa (isiphene sokuzalwa) kwenye yeengalo okanye imilenze yakho.
• Ukuba ingalo okanye umlenze unqunyulwe .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengcali yamazinyo kunye nengcali yamalungu?

Kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kweengcali ze-orthotists kunye neengcali ze-prosthetists. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu omnye wenza zombini ezi zinto. Abanye bagxile kwicandelo elinye kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, bobabini basebenza ngetekhnoloji esebenza nenkqubo yethu yemisipha . Oku kuthetha ukuba izixhobo abazenzayo zinceda ukutshintsha okanye ukuphucula indlela esebenza ngayo imizimba yethu. Nokuba benza i-knee brace okanye i-prosthetic knee, basebenzisa imigaqo efanayo ye-biomechanical .

Ngamafutshane, iingcali zeeprosthetist zenza iindawo zeprosthetist ukuze zithathe indawo yeendawo ezingekhoyo okanye ezingalunganga zenkqubo yethu yamathambo. Ukuba wazalwa ungenalo ilungu elisebenzayo, okanye ukuba unqunyulwe ilungu, kuya kufuneka ubone ingcali yeeprosthetist.

Kwelinye icala, oogqirha bamazinyo banyanga abantu abaninzi abaneentlungu okanye iingxaki zemisipha. Banceda abantu ngokwenza izisombululo ezibavumela ukuba bahlale, beme, kwaye bahambe ngokukhululeka nangokukhuselekileyo.

Ngaba iingcali zamazinyo kunye neengcali zamalungu ziyaya kwizikolo zonyango?

Hayi. Iingcali zamathambo kunye neengcali zamalungu zingabasebenzi bezempilo abamanyeneyo.Abanye bawela kudidi lwezibonelelo. Aba bafana nababoneleli bezempilo abakhethekileyo abanceda oogqirha kunye nabongikazi, bencedisa unyango lwabo. Abayi kwisikolo sezonyango, kodwa banemfundo ekhethekileyo kunye noqeqesho lokuhlala kwicandelo labo. Bafumana isidanga seMasters kwi-Orthotics and Prosthetics.

Yintoni efundwa ziingcali ze-orthotists kunye neengcali ze-prosthetists?

Ingcali yamazinyo okanye ingcali yamalungu kufuneka ibe nolwazi olubanzi ngezifundo ezininzi zesayensi. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• I-Anatomy: Uphando lwendlela zonke iindawo zenkqubo yethu yemisipha ezidibene ngayo.
• I-Biomechanics: Uphononongo lwendlela amandla oomatshini asebenza ngayo kwinkqubo yethu yemisipha.
• I-Kinesiology: Isayensi yentshukumo kunye nendlela eyichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu.
• I-Pathology: Uphando lwendlela ezinyanga ngayo iimeko ezivelayo neziphuhla ngayo.
• Ubunjineli: Ubugcisa bokwenza izixhobo ezinokusebenzisa amandla ngeendlela ezintsonkothileyo.
• Uyilo kunye nokwenziwa: Inkqubo yokwenza ezi zixhobo, nokuba kusetyenziswa izixhobo zesandla okanye iikhompyutha.

Zeziphi izakhono ekufuneka zibe nazo ingcali yamazinyo kunye nengcali yamalungu?

Ukuze ube yingcali yamazinyo okanye ingcali yamalungu, kufuneka ube nezi zakhono zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lweklinikhi: Kufuneka bakwazi ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo indlela umzimba womntu ngamnye abamnyanga ngayo, ukuba yintoni ebangela ukungonwabi kwabo, kunye nokuba yintoni enokwenziwa ngayo loo nto.
• Izakhono zokusebenzisana nabantu: Bamele babe ziingcali zeklinikhi ezinobuchule ezinokuthetha kakuhle nabo babanyangayo, basebenzisane nabanakekeli babo, kwaye basebenzisane nabanye ababoneleli bezempilo.
• Ubuchule Bezandla: Iingcali ze-Orthotis kunye neengcali ze-prosthetist zisebenza ngezandla zazo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka babe nobuchule obuhle bezandla ukuze benze izixhobo ezenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ezifanelana kakuhle nomzimba wakho. Kwakhona kufuneka bakwazi ukuzilungisa nokuzilungisa.
• Izakhono zokusombulula iingxaki: Ukufumana isisombululo esifanelekileyo se-orthotic okanye i-prosthetic ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinkqubo. Ukuba kukho ingxaki, i-orthotist okanye i-prosthetist iya kuyilungisa ize izame kwakhona.

Ngaba iingcali ze-orthotists kunye neengcali ze-prosthetists ziingcali zonyango?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Bobabini iingcali ze-orthotists kunye neengcali ze-prosthetists basebenza ngokuthe ngqo nabantu ababanyangayo kwindawo yeklinikhi. Bavavanya imeko yakho ngokwabo, baxoxe ngeemfuno zakho kunye neenjongo zakho, kwaye bathatha imilinganiselo kunye nokuba ziimold zomzimba wakho xa beyila i-orthosis okanye i-prosthesis yakho. Bajonga ukwenziwa kunye nokufakelwa kwesixhobo sakho, kwaye bakufundisa indlela yokusisebenzisa. Bakwavavanya nendlela esisebenza ngayo.

Nangona abanye abantu besenokufuna uncedo lwengcali yamathambo okwethutyana, abantu abaninzi abaneengxaki ezingapheliyo banokufuna unyango lwamathambo ubomi babo bonke. Ngokufanayo, abantu abaphila ne-prosthesis banokufuna unyango lwengcali yamathambo ubomi babo bonke. Oku kuvumela iingcali zamathambo kunye neengcali zamathambo ukuba zakhe ubudlelwane bexesha elide nabantu ababanyangayo. Banokwazi iingxaki zakho zomzimba kunye neemfuno zakho kwinqanaba lomntu ngamnye.

Iingcali ze-Orthotism kunye neengcali ze-prosthetist ziingcali zempilo ezidibeneyo ezigxile ekwenzeni izixhobo ezinxitywayo ukunyanga iimeko zenkqubo ye-musculoskeletal. Ngokuqonda indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo, banokusebenzisana nomzimba wakho ukwenza izisombululo ezenzelwe wena ezikunceda usebenze ngcono kuwe. Nokuba ufuna ukunxiba i-orthosis okanye i-prosthesis, uyilo oluhle kunye nokulingana kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kumgangatho wobomi bakho.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, masikhe sijonge nje ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• Ingcali yamathambo ngumntu owenza izixhobo zokubopha amalungu omzimba, ezifana neebraces kunye nee-splints, ezinceda ekuxhaseni, ekuzinziseni, okanye ekulawuleni intshukumo yelungu lomzimba wakho.
• Ingcali yokufakelwa amalungu omzimba ngumntu owenza amalungu angengowokwenziwa (iiprostheses) ukuze athathe indawo yelungu lomzimba elingekhoyo, njengengalo okanye umlenze.
• Aba babini abangoogqirha, kodwa bangabalingani ababalulekileyo bezempilo kwicandelo lezempilo. Banemfundo ekhethekileyo kweli candelo.
• Ukuba uphuke ithambo, unengxaki yomqolo, intlungu yamathambo, ukukhubazeka okuzalwa nako, okanye ukulahlekelwa lilungu lomzimba, uncedo lwaba bantu lubaluleke kakhulu kuwe.
• I-orthotic okanye i-prosthesis efakwe kakuhle, eyenziwe kakuhle inokukunceda kakhulu kwaye ikwenze uzive ukhululekile ebomini bakho. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho imfuneko, ungoyiki ukubona ingcali efana nale. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.

Ingcali yamathambo , ingcali yamalungu okufakelwa, amalungu omzimba okwenziwa, izixhobo zokuncedisa, inkqubo yamathambo, iingcali zempilo ezidibeneyo, ukuvuselelwa komzimba