Ngaba uyazi ngamathambo amancinci endlebeni yakho? (Ii-Ossicles) Masithethe ngala!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ungaziva njani zonke izandi ngokucacileyo? Oku kungenxa yeendawo ezincinci, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindlebeni zethu. Ezo ndawo zincinci zibizwa ngokuba zii-ossicles . Ezi ziintlobo ezintathu ezincinci emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha ngezi-ossicles, umsebenzi wazo, kunye neengxaki ezinokubangelwa zizo.

Zithini ii-ossicles? Ziphi?

Ngamafutshane, ii-ossicles ngamathambo amathathu amancinci endlebeni yakho ephakathi . Adibene ndawonye njengeekhonkco kwityathanga. La mathambo mathathu ngala:

1. I-Malleus: Le ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"hammer" kuba imile okwesando.

2. I-Incus: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"anvil". Isebenza njenge-anvil ebethelwa ngesando.

3. I-Stapes: Eli lelona thambo lincinci emzimbeni wethu. Likwabizwa ngokuba yi-"strap" kuba lifana nesimo sesihlalo sehashe.

Cinga ngendlela amancinci ngayo la mathambo mathathu! Kodwa ngaphandle kwawo, besingenakukwazi ukuva nantoni na kakuhle. Olu luhlu lwee-ossicles luqala kwi -eardrum yakho (i-tympanic membrane) . I-eardrum yi-membrane encinci phakathi kwendlebe yakho yangaphandle nephakathi. Uluhlu lwee-ossicles luphela kwi-cochlea endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi .

Ukuba ungena nzulu kancinci...

• I-Malleus: Elinye icala lale nto liqhagamshelwe kwi-eardrum. Xa i-eardrum ingcangcazela, ne-malleus nayo iyangcangcazela. Elinye icala le-malleus liqhagamshelwe kwi-incus.
• I-Incus: Oku kufana nomlamli phakathi kwe-malleus kunye ne-stapes. Umsebenzi we-incus kukwamkela ukungcangcazela okuvela kwi-malleus nokukudlulisela kwi-stapes.
• I-Stapes: Eli thambo lincinci lithatha iintshukumo ezivela kwi-incus lize lizityhalele kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-oval window , uhlobo lomnyango kwi-cochlea endlebeni yangaphakathi.

Ngaba ngoku uyaqonda ukuba le ndlela incinci inzima kwaye ibaluleke kangakanani?

Zisebenza njani ii-ossicles? Zisinceda njani ukuba sive isandi?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone indlela la mathambo mancinci abizwa ngokuba zii-ossicles asinceda ngayo ukuva isandi. Kufana nokusabela kwetyathanga .

1. Okokuqala, amaza esandi avela ngaphandle angena endlebeni yakho aze abethe i-eardrum yakho. I-eardrum emva koko iqala ukungcangcazela . Njengokuba ubetha i-drum, iyangcangcazela.

2. Ithambo le-malleus , eliqhagamshelwe kwi-eardrum, nalo lihamba kunye nokungcangcazela.

3. Xa i-malleus ishukuma, ithambo le-incus, elinamathele kulo, nalo liyashukuma.

4. Okulandelayo, i-incus idlulisela olu ngcangcazelo kwithambo le- stapes .

5. Ithambo le-stapes lityhala olu ngcangcazelo kwifestile ye-oval ye-cochlea endlebeni engaphakathi.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba xa isandi sidlula kolu luhlu lwee-ossicles, siyandiswa . Oko kukuthi, i-cochlea ifumana isandi esinamandla kunesandi esivela kwi-eardrum. Yiyo loo nto sinokuva nezandi ezithambileyo ngokucacileyo.

I-cochlea ine-fluid kunye neeseli zeenwele ezibuthathaka kakhulu. Ukungcangcazela okuvela kwi-stapes kuhambisa olu lwelo, kuvuselela iiseli zeenwele. Ezi seli zeenwele ziguqula ukungcangcazela kwesandi kube ziimpawu zombane kwaye zithumele engqondweni. Ingqondo itolika ezo zimpawu ize isixelele, "Owu, eso sisandi esivakalayo."

Khawucinge nje, konke oku kwenzeka ngephanyazo nje! Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo?

Ziziphi izifo neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ii-ossicles?

Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngala mathambo mancinci, ukungcangcazela kwesandi akuhambi kakuhle endlebeni yangaphakathi, nto leyo enokubangela ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngendlela eqhubayo . Ezinye iimeko ezichaphazela ii-ossicles ziquka:

• Ukukhubazeka kwe-ossicle yokuzalwa: Kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantwana bazalwa bengenayo i-ossicle, ingakhuli kakuhle, okanye ikhula kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha la mathambo asenokungadibani kakuhle, okanye aqhelene okanye adibane.
• I-Otosclerosis: Oku kwenzeka xa enye yee-ossicles (ngokuqhelekileyo ithambo le-stapes) inamathela kwizicwili ezijikelezileyo kwaye ingakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, ngokungathi inamathele kwisidumbu.
• I-Cholesteatoma: Kule meko, iiseli zolusu ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwendlebe ephakathi, zenze iqhuma. Oku kungonakalisa ii-ossicles kwaye kuthintele ukuhamba kwazo.
• Usulelo olungapheliyo lwendlebe ephakathi: Usulelo oluqhubekayo lwendlebe lunokubangela ukuba indlebe ephakathi ivuvuke, izaliswe lulwelo, kwaye iphazamise ukuhamba kwee-ossicles. Ukuba ayinyangwanga kakuhle, umonakalo ongapheliyo unokwenzeka.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-ossicular-chain: Ukuba kukho ukwenzakala okukhulu entloko, olu luhlu lwee-ossicles lunokususwa okanye luphuke. Oku kuthintela ukungcangcazela ukuba kungadluliswa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Olu luhlu lunokuqhekeka ngenxa yokukhula okungaqhelekanga (iithumba) okanye usulelo olungapheliyo lwendlebe.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezikhoyo kule meko?

Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngee-ossicles zakho, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva kwindlebe enye okanye zombini, ukungeva, okanye ukungeva konke konke.
• Ukuva isandi esikhalayo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus) .
• Intlungu yendlebe.
• Ulwelo olufana nobovu luphuma endlebeni.
• Ukuziva ubunzima okanye ukugcwala endlebeni enye okanye zombini.
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela (kuquka nokuba imeko ichaphazela inkqubo ye-vestibular endlebeni, enoxanduva lokulinganisela).

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha .

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba kukho ingxaki ngee-ossicles?

Xa ubona ugqirha, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kuhlola indlebe yakho. Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lwenziwa rhoqo:

• I-Otoscopy: Oku kuquka ukujonga ngaphakathi endlebeni yakho ngesixhobo esincinci ("i-otoscope") esinokukhanya. Oku kunokujonga izinto ezifana ne-eardrum, ulwelo oluphakathi endlebeni, kunye nosulelo.
• Uvavanyo lokuva (Audiometry): Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ukuba unokuva kakuhle kangakanani kwaye zeziphi izandi ongenakuziva.
• Uvavanyo lweTympanometry: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa intshukumo ye-eardrum kunye noxinzelelo kwindlebe ephakathi, nto leyo enika umbono wokuba kukho ulwelo kwindlebe ephakathi okanye ingxaki ngee-ossicles.
• I-CT scan: Ngamanye amaxesha, i-CT scan inokwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ngokucacileyo umonakalo kwi-ossicles, indawo ezikuyo, kunye nemeko yezicubu ezijikelezileyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezi ngxaki ezinxulumene ne-ossicle?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko onayo. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luquka:

• Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba ingxaki ibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, ii-antibiotics zinganikwa ukuze zinyangwe.
• Izixhobo zokuva: Ukuba ungeva kakuhle, ungasebenzisa izixhobo zokuva ukuze zikuncede uve ngcono.
• Utyando: Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokufuneka, umzekelo ukususa ithumba elifana ne-cholesteatoma, ukukhulula ithambo elivalelekileyo kwimeko ye-otosclerosis, okanye ukulungisa ii-ossicles ezaphukileyo/ezisusiweyo (i-ossiculoplasty).

Khumbula, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela umonakalo ongunaphakade.

Sizigcina njani ii-ossicles zethu zendlebe ziphilile?

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukugcina la maqhuqhuva akho mancinci kodwa axabisekileyo esempilweni kukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo lwendlebe kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela ova ngayo.

• Kuphephe ukungena kwamanzi ezindlebeni zakho. Lumka xa uhlamba naxa uqubha.
• Xa ucoca iindlebe zakho, musa ukufaka izinto ezifana neebhanti zekotoni ezindlebeni zakho kuba oku kungonakalisa i-eardrum yakho.
• Xa ugula ngumkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuba azichaphazeli iindlebe zakho.
• Sebenzisa ii-earplugs xa ukwiindawo ezinomsindo kakhulu.

Iimeko ezininzi ezichaphazela ii-ossicles zinokunyangwa kwaye zinyangeke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unyango lulibaziseka, umonakalo wexesha elide unokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, bona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona notshintsho oluncinci kwindlela ova ngayo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ii-ossicles zizidalwa ezimangalisayo emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa ngala mathambo mathathu mancinci kunye yiwo osivumela ukuba sive kwaye sonwabele izandi ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi.

Ii-Ossicles ngamathambo amathathu amancinci abizwa ngokuba yi-malleus, i-incus, kunye ne-stapes. Zifumaneka kwindlebe ephakathi kwaye zithatha isandi esiphuma kwi-eardrum, zisikhulise, kwaye sizithumele kwi-cochlea endlebeni engaphakathi. Apho, isandi siguqulwa sibe ziimpawu zombane eziya ebuchotsheni, nto leyo esenza sikwazi ukuqonda isandi.

Ngoko ke, khathalela iindlebe zakho. Ukuba uneengxaki zokuva, ungazityesheli kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngoko nangoko. Emva koko la maqhawe mathathu mancinci aya kuqhubeka ekunceda uve izandi zehlabathi!

Amathambo endlebe , ii-ossicles, i-malleus, i-incus, i-stapes, ukuva, i-eardrum, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, indlebe ephakathi, indlebe yangaphakathi, i-cochlea