Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga noVavanyo lwe-COVID-19!

Nangona ubhubhane we-COVID-19 ungasathathwa njengongxamiseko lwezempilo kwihlabathi liphela, abantu basafumana esi sifo. Kwabanye abantu, kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye kube nzima ukugula. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha ngemeko ye-COVID-19, ingakumbi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa esi sifo. Kuba ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngale nto kunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kuwe nakusapho lwakho.

Ingaba kusabalulekile na ukuba sivavanyelwe i-COVID-19?

Ewe, lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Ngamafutshane, ewe, kusabalulekile ukuvavanywa. Uyazi ukuba kutheni?

Khawuthelekelele ukuba unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo okanye i-COVID-19 kukuvavanya. Kukho izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zokwazi oku:

• Ungayithintela intsholongwane ukuba ingasasazeki kwabanye: Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-COVID-19, ungazikhusela ngokuhlala kude nabanye abantu, ingakumbi abantu abadala ekhayeni lakho okanye abo baneengxaki zempilo ezingabonakaliyo (ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo). Unganxiba nemaski, eya kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye.
• Ingakumbi kwabo basengozini enkulu: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kukho abantu abanokuba nesifo esinzulu ukuba bafumana i-COVID-19. Ukuba umntu onjalo uvavanywe enentsholongwane, oko kuthetha ukuba unentsholongwane, unokubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko aze aqale ukuthatha amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane. Ukwenza njalo kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuba isifo singabi sibi kwaye sifune ukulaliswa esibhedlele.
• Uxolo lwengqondo: Ukuba uneempawu ze-COVID-19 uze emva koko ufumaneke ungenayo intsholongwane, oko kuthetha ukuba awunayo intsholongwane, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kuwe nakusapho lwakho. Kwakhona, ukuba ufumaneke ungenayo emva kokuba uphilile, oko kunokuqinisekisa ukuba awusenaso isifo kwabanye.

Uyabona ke? Ukuvavanya i-COVID-19 akusiyonto nje eyenzeka ngamathuba, kusinceda senze izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye sikhusele abantu esibathandayo.

Zeziphi iintlobo zovavanyo lwe-COVID-19 ezikhoyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lokujonga usulelo lwe-COVID-19. Olunye luvavanyo olujonga ukuba unayo na intsholongwane emzimbeni wakho (usulelo lwangoku). Olunye luvavanyo olujonga ukuba ukhe waba ne-COVID-19 ngaphambili (usulelo lwangaphambili). Makhe sijonge ezi zimbini ngokwahlukeneyo.

Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane ukuze kufunyanwe usulelo lwangoku

Olu vavanyo lwentsholongwane, okanye "uvavanyo lwentsholongwane," lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngaba wosulelwe yi-COVID-19 okwangoku. Olu vavanyo lukhangela iindawo ezithile zentsholongwane kwisampulu ye-mucus okanye amathe akho. Zinokukuxelela ukuba wosulelwe na ngomhla wovavanyo. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba "luvavanyo lokuxilonga."

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-"Viral tests":

1. Uvavanyo lweemolekyuli - umzekelo, uvavanyo lwe-PCR

Olu hlobo lovavanyo lukhangela izinto zofuzo ezingaphakathi kwintsholongwane, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-RNA. Cinga ngale RNA njengophawu lweminwe oluchonga intsholongwane. Olu vavanyo luhlala lwenziwa kwiiofisi zoogqirha, kwiindawo zokhathalelo olungxamisekileyo, kwiikhemesti, okanye kwiilebhu. Uvavanyo lwe-PCR luvavanyo oludumileyo kakhulu lolu hlobo. Olu vavanyo luhlala luchanekile kakhulu, kodwa luthatha ixesha ukufumana iziphumo, ngamanye amaxesha iiyure ezimbalwa okanye ngosuku.

2. Uvavanyo lwe-antigen

Olu vavanyo lwe-"Antigen" lukhangela iiproteni kumphezulu wentsholongwane. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokuba luvavanyo olukhawulezayo olunokwenziwa ekhaya . Olu vavanyo lunokunika iziphumo kwimizuzu eli-15-30 kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lwe-"Antigen" aluyifumani ngokuchanekileyo intsholongwane njengovavanyo lwe-"Molecular". Oku kuthetha ukuba xa intsholongwane ikhona ngobuninzi emzimbeni, kunokwenzeka ukuba olu vavanyo lube "negative", nokuba intsholongwane ikhona ngokwenene.

Ungazithatha njani iisampuli?

Kwezi `(Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane)`, isampuli idla ngokuthathwa ngaphakathi kwempumlo. Idla ngokuthathwa ngaphakathi kwempumlo nge-cotton swab encinci. Ngamanye amaxesha ithathwa nzulu kancinci empumlweni. Ngaphandle koko, iisampulu zinokuthathwa emqaleni, ngaphakathi kwezidlele, kwiintsini okanye kulwimi. Kunqabile kakhulu, isampuli yamathe inokucelwa ukuba iqokelelwe kwisikhongozeli esincinci.

Ungaziqonda njani iziphumo zovavanyo?

• Iziphumo 'ezilungileyo' zithetha ukuba wosulelwe yintsholongwane ye-COVID-19.
• Iziphumo 'ezingalunganga' zithetha ukuba awosulelekanga yintsholongwane.

Kodwa kukho into ebambekayo: ngamanye amaxesha iziphumo zovavanyo azichanekanga ngokupheleleyo.

• Ubungqina obungebobuxoki: Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lunokuba nobungqina obungebobungqina nangona umntu enentsholongwane. Oku kubizwa ngokuba bubungqina obungebobuxoki. Oku kunokwenzeka, ingakumbi kwiintsuku zokuqala zokugula, xa inani lentsholongwane emzimbeni liphantsi. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ngovavanyo lwe-antigen.
• Ubuxoki Obulungileyo okanye Obulungileyo Bexesha Elide:Amaxesha amaninzi, intsholongwane inokuba 'ne-positive' ngaphandle kokuba nayo. Kwakhona, abanye abantu basenokuba 'ne-positive' kuvavanyo lwe-PCR kangangeeveki emva kokuba begula, bephilile, kwaye bengasasuleli abanye. Oku kungenxa yokuba iyakwazi ukubona iindawo ezifileyo zentsholongwane.

Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha malunga neziphumo zovavanyo. Ngale ndlela, unokwazi ukuba iziphumo zithetha ukuthini kanye kanye nento omawuyenze emva koko.

Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody ukuze kufunyanwe usulelo lwangaphambili

Ngoku masithethe ngovavanyo olwenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba ukhe waba ne-COVID-19 ngaphambili . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"antibody testing".

Olu vavanyo lukhangela ii-antibodies emzimbeni wakho eziveliswe ngokuchasene nentsholongwane ye-COVID-19. Inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ivelisa ezi antibodies ukulwa nosulelo. Ukuba une-COVID-19, kudla ngokuthatha iiveki ezi-2-3 ukuba ezi antibodies ziqale ukwakheka emzimbeni wakho. Ngoko ke, olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba ukhe waba ne-COVID-19 ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ezidlulileyo .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu vavanyo "lwe-Antibody" alunakukwazi ukuxelela ukuba unesifo okwangoku. Ke ngoko, olu vavanyo alusetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba umntu uneempawu ze-COVID-19 okanye akunjalo.

Olu luvavanyo lwegazi. Lwenziwa ngokuthatha igazi elincinci elivela emthanjeni okanye igazi elincinci elivela kwincam yomunwe (`i-fingerstick`). Iziphumo zinokubuya ngaloo mini, okanye zingathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiveki. Akukho zixhobo zasekhaya zolu `(uvavanyo lwe-Antibody)`.

Enye into, ukuba ufumene isitofu se-COVID-19, siya kubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise ii-antibodies. Ezinye iimvavanyo ze-antibody zinokubona kuphela ii-antibodies eziveliswa lusulelo. Ezinye zinokubona ii-antibodies eziveliswa sisitofu. Ezinye iimvavanyo zifumanisa zombini.

Okwangoku, iingcali zempilo azicebisi ukusebenzisa "uvavanyo lwe-antibody" ukuze kubonwe ukuba umntu ukhuselekile kangakanani kwi-COVID-19 okanye ukuba isitofu sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Oko kusesekwinqanaba lophando.

Yintoni enye ekufuneka siyazi ngale nto?

Kulungile, ngoku unombono ocacileyo malunga novavanyo lwe-COVID-19. Kukho ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Ingcebiso yezonyango: Ukuba wena okanye abantwana bakho nivavanywa, qiniseka ukuba nixoxa ngeziphumo nogqirha wakho ukuze niqonde kakuhle indlela ezi ziphumo eziza kukuchaphazela ngayo wena nosapho lwakho.
• Ukuba 'uqinisekile': Ukuba uvavanyo 'luqinisekile', kusenokwenzeka ukuba wosulelekile kwaye unokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqaphele.
• Lumka xa uvavanya i-antigen: Kukho ezo ``uvavanyo lwe-antigen'' olukhawulezileyo ekhaya olunokuthi ngamanye amaxesha lunike iziphumo 'ezingalunganga' nangona umntu esulelekile. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kwiintsuku zokuqala zesifo.
• Ukuphinda uvavanyo: Ukuba uneempawu kodwa uvavanyo lwe-`(Antigen test)` alubonisi ukuba unayo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezo mpawu zibangelwa yi-COVID-19, ngoko ke ngumbono olungileyo ukwenza olunye uvavanyo lwe-`(Antigen test)` emva kweentsuku ezimbini. Emva koko lunokuba `(positive)`.
• Uvavanyo emva kokuphila: Ukuba ufunyenwe une-HIV ekuqaleni kwesigulo sakho, waza wafunyaniswa ungenayo emva kokuba uphilile, oko kuthetha ukuba awusasuleli abanye abantu.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

1. I-COVID-19 ayikapheli: ngoko ke musa ukuyithatha lula ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu.

2. Ukuvavanywa kubalulekile: Ukuvavanywa kukunceda wazi ukuba unesifo, kukhusele abanye, kwaye ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuyimfuneko.

3. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zovavanyo: `(Uvavanyo lweViral)` (PCR, Antigen) ukujonga usulelo olukhoyo kunye `(Uvavanyo lweAntibody)` ukujonga usulelo oludlulileyo.

4. Uvavanyo lwe-antigen lukhawuleza, kodwa: lunokuba negative engeyiyo kwiintsuku zokuqala. Ukuba uyathandabuza, phinda emva kweentsuku ezimbini.

5. `Uvavanyo lwe-PCR` luchanekile, kodwa: iziphumo zithatha ixesha ukuba zifike, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe `zilungile' nasemva kokuba ziphilile.

6. Uvavanyo lwee-antibodies lubonisa kuphela ukuba ukhe waba nesifo ngaphambili: azinakukwazi ukubona ukuba unesifo ngoku.

7. Thetha nogqirha wakho: Nokuba iziphumo zovavanyo zithini na, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo uze ufumane ingcebiso.

Khumbula, ukwazi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono i-COVID-19 kunye nendlela yokuvavanya. Hlala usempilweni!

I- COVID-19, Uvavanyo lwe-Covid, Uvavanyo lwe-PCR, Uvavanyo lwe-Antigen, Ii-Antibodies, Uvavanyo lweentsholongwane, Impilo yaseSri Lanka