Masithethe ngokunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwebele, ukutya okuqinileyo, kunye nobisi lwenkomo.

Usenokuba ucinga ngokunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwebisi kwasekuqaleni. Okanye usenokuba ucinga ngokunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwebisi ukongeza ekuncanciseni. Mhlawumbi ucinga nangokutshintsha ukusuka ekuncanciseni ukuya kwibisi lwebisi. Nangona kunjalo, ndiyazi ukuba unemibuzo emininzi malunga nokondla umntwana wakho ubisi lwebisi, ukuqala ukutya okuqinileyo, kunye nokuba uqale nini ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo. Ngoko masifumane iimpendulo zaloo mibuzo namhlanje, akunjalo? Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngokulula.

Liliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuqala ukunika umntwana ukutya okuqinileyo?

Ngamafutshane, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba iintsana ziqale ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo xa zineminyaka eyi-6 ubudala . Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintsana zinokubonisa iimpawu zokuba zilungele ukutya okuqinileyo kwangethuba, nokuba sele zineenyanga ezi-4 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukungaqali ukutya okuqinileyo ngaphambi kokuba zifikelele kwiinyanga ezi-4 ubudala nangasiphi na isizathu . Akulunganga kwimpilo yazo.

Sazi njani xa umntwana ekulungele ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo?

Hlala ujonge ezi mpawu ukuze wazi ukuba umntwana wakho ukulungele na ukungena kwihlabathi lokutya okuqinileyo:

• Bajonga ukutya ngomdla omkhulu. Bakujonga ngomdla xa abanye besitya, bavula imilomo yabo xa usondela kubo ngokutya, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bade bazame nokukufikelela.
• Bafanele bakwazi ukuphakamisa iintloko zabo baze bakwazi ukuhlala phantsi ngaphandle koncedo okanye ngoncedo oluncinci.
• Xa unokutya emlonyeni wakho, kufuneka uzame ukungakutyhaleli ngaphandle ngolwimi lwakho. Oku yinto abantwana abazalwa nayo, kubizwa ngokuba yi-"tongue reflex." Le ""(reflex)"" idla ngokunyamalala phakathi kweenyanga ezi-4 nezi-6 ubudala.
• Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntwana kufuneka abe nobunzima obuphindwe kabini kunobo wayenabo ekuzalweni kwakhe .

Ukuba ubona iimpawu ezinje, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba lelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuqala ukutya okuqinileyo.

Uqala njani ukunika abantu ukutya okuqinileyo? Yeyiphi indlela engcono?

Kulungile, ngoku ekubeni umntwana wakho ekulungele ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo, siqala njani le nkqubo? Akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka, masenze ngale ndlela.

Okokuqala, i-cereal yosana enengqolowa enye, eyomelezwe ngentsimbi yindawo elungileyo yokuqala. Umzekelo, i-cereal eyenziwe ngerayisi. Ukuze wenze oku, thatha iitisipuni enye okanye ezimbini ze-cereal, yongeza ubisi lwebele oluncinci, ifomyula, okanye amanzi afudumeleyo, uze udibanise kakuhle ukuze wenze intlama etyebileyo. Emva koko, yondla umntwana wakho ngecephe elincinci, elithambileyo. Ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelele ngokuthe ngqo, musa ukufaka i-cereal ebhotileni.

Xa umntwana wakho eqhelile oku kutya kokuqala, ungamfundisa kancinci kancinci okunye ukutya. Oko kukuthi,Inyama ecoliweyo (njengenkukhu, intlanzi), iziqhamo (ezifana nemango, ibhanana, ipapaya), imifuno (ezifana neebhatata, iminqathe, ithanga), ezinye iinkozo, amantongomane afana neelentile, kunye neyogathi engenaswekile.

Kubalulekile: Xa uzisa ukutya okutsha, zama ukukunika ukutya okukodwa ngexesha kangangeentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine uze ubone ukuba inja yakho ayinazo na iziphumo zokunganyamezelani. Umzekelo, ukurhawuzelela ulusu okanye isisu esibuhlungu. Ukuba akunjalo, zama uzisa okunye ukutya okutsha.

Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele nokutya okunokubangela i-allergies?

Kukho ukutya esicinga ukuba kunokubangela i-allergies. Umzekelo, ii-peanuts, amaqanda, ubisi lwenkomo (olungelulo ubisi, kodwa olukwi-yogurt), ukutya kwaselwandle, ezinye ii-nuts (ezicoliweyo), ingqolowa, i-soy, njl. Oku kutya kunokwaziswa umntwana wakho kancinci kancinci, njengoko uzisa okunye ukutya. Oogqirha ngoku bakholelwa ukuba ukulibazisa ukwaziswa koku kutya akuyi kuthintela i-allergies yokutya ekukhuleni.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into encinci ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha. Ukuba umntwana wakho unemeko embi yesikhumba, efana ne-eczema enzima, okanye i-allergy yamaqanda, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokumnika ukutya okuneepeanut. Oku kungenxa yokuba amathuba okuba i-allergy yamandongomane ikhule kwiimeko ezinjalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngengcebiso kagqirha wakho, ukuqala ukumnika ukutya okuneepeanut (ezicoliweyo zibe yintlama) kwasekuqaleni kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-allergy kwixesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngugqirha wakho oya kugqiba ukuba ungamnika umntwana wakho iipeanut kunye nendlela yokumnika ngokukhuselekileyo. Kusenokufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwe-allergy koku.

Zeziphi ukutya omele uziphephe ukumnika umntwana wakho? Lumka kwezi zinto!

Ewe, kukho ukutya okungafanele ukunike umntwana wakho, okanye ekufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa umnika. Ukuzikhumbula ezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho.

• Musa ukunika umntwana ukutya okuneswekile eyongezelelweyo okanye izinto eziswiti ezingenazo iikhalori. Ezi azimniki umntwana ukutya okunesondlo.
• Musa ukunika ukutya okunesodiyam eninzi. Kunzima kwizintso zeentsana ezincinci ukuphatha ityuwa eninzi.
• Ubusi abufanele bunikwe abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala. Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Ubusi ngamanye amaxesha bunokuba neentsholongwane zeClostridium botulinum. Ezi zinokubangela isifo esiyingozi nesisongela ubomi esibizwa ngokuba yi-botulism kwiintsana ezincinci.
• Musa ukunika ijusi yeziqhamo engacocwanga, ubisi, iyogathi, okanye itshizi. Ezi zinokuba neentsholongwane eziyingozi.
• Musa ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo okanye iziselo zesoya rhoqo njengesiselo sakhe esiphambili endaweni yobisi lwebele okanye ubisi lwefomyula ade abe neenyanga ezili-12 ubudala.Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso ezifakwe ubisi lwenkomo ezifakwe kwi-pasteurized, ezifana neyogathi kunye netshizi, zinokunikwa njengokutya okuqinileyo.
• Lumka kakhulu ngokutya okunokukrwitshwa . Umzekelo, musa ukunika ii-hot dog (ukuba uzinika zibe ziingceba, zinqumle zibe ziingceba ezincinci zinqumle, hayi ubude bazo), iziqwenga zeminqathe eluhlaza, iidiliya ezipheleleyo (zinqumle zibe ziikota), iipopcorn, okanye amantongomane apheleleyo (afana namandongomane kunye nee-cashews). Ukuba uzinika, zityumze kakuhle ukuze wenze intlama ukuze zingakrwitshwa, kwaye uzinike phantsi kweliso lakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ube lapho kwaye umjonge umntwana wakho ngalo lonke ixesha esitya. Ungaze umshiye yedwa umzuzwana. Mnike ukutya eme nkqo esitulweni esiphezulu okanye kwenye indawo ekhuselekileyo.

Ngoko ke, ungaqala nini ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngoomama abaninzi. Ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa komntwana, oko kukuthi , de abe nonyaka omnye ubudala, bafumana izondlo eziphambili abazidingayo kubisi lwebele, okanye kwifomyula ukuba uyabanika yona. Ngoko ke, musa ukunika ubisi lwenkomo njengesiselo esiphambili somntwana wakho de abe nonyaka omnye ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba umntwana wakho egqibe unyaka omnye ubudala, sele ekulungele ukuqala ukusela ubisi lwenkomo.

Ubisi olupheleleyo (olwaziwa ngokuba lubisi olupheleleyo) lulungele abantwana abancinci kakhulu abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala, njengoko amafutha ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo yabo kuloo minyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho utyebile kancinci, okanye ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho (njengomzali okanye umntakwenu) unembali yokutyeba kakhulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, okanye iingxaki zentliziyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba utshintshele kubisi oluncitshisiweyo lwamafutha (2%).

Ukuba umntwana wakho akanakusela ubisi lwenkomo, nokuba kungenxa yokunganyamezelani nobisi, ukunganyamezelani ne-lactose, okanye esinye isizathu, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nenye indlela efanelekileyo. Isiselo sesoya esingenaswekile esongelwe nge-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D sihlala siyindlela elungileyo. Ezinye iintlobo zobisi, ezinje ngobisi lwe-almond, ubisi lwe-oat, ubisi lwerayisi, okanye ubisi lwekhokhonathi (ezi zizinto ezipakishwe ngobisi), zineproteni encinci kunobisi lwenkomo kwaye azinakuhlala ziqiniswa ngezondlo ezifunekayo. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze wenze isigqibo.

Utshintsha njani ukusuka kubisi lwebisi oluyifomyula ukuya kubisi lwenkomo?

Oku akunzima njengoko unokucinga. Kulula kakhulu. Ungaqala kancinci kancinci ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo oluvela kwiibhotile okanye kwiikomityi zoqeqesho, ezifana neekomityi zokusela, endaweni yeebhotile zefomyula. Ukuba utshintsho lunzima, ungaqala ngokuxuba ubisi lwenkomo oluncinci kwifomyula uze unyuse kancinci kancinci ubisi lwenkomo.

Xa umntwana wakho enonyaka omnye ubudala, kufuneka asele ubisi lwenkomo oluphakathi kwe-16 kunye ne-24 ounces (480–720 milliliters) ngosuku njengoko esitya iintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya okuqinileyo.

Ufanele uqale nini ukunika umntwana wakho amanzi nezinye iziselo?

Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala, umntwana osempilweni kwaye esela ubisi lwebele okanye ubisi lwebele olwaneleyo akadingi manzi angaphezulu. Ubisi ngokwalo lumnika amanzi afunekayo.

Xa umntwana wakho eqala ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo, ungamnika amanzi afudumeleyo kancinci ngexesha lokutya. Ubuninzi bee-ounces ezi-4-8 (malunga neemililitha ezili-120-240) ngosuku kwanele. Musa ukumnika isixa esikhulu ngaxeshanye, mnike kancinci kancinci.

Ukuba amanzi owasebenzisayo ane-fluoride, anokunceda ekuthinteleni ukubola kwamazinyo kwiintsana. Ukuba amanzi akuloo ndawo akuyo akana-fluoride, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho okanye nogqirha wamazinyo malunga nokunika umntwana wakho into efana namaconsi e-fluoride.

Musa ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala ijusi yeziqhamo. Ibanika iswekile engeyomfuneko kwaye ayinayo ifayibha efumaneka kwisiqhamo esipheleleyo. Emva kokuba umntwana wakho enonyaka omnye ubudala, ukuba ufuna ijusi yeziqhamo eyi-100% (ngaphandle kweswekile eyongeziweyo), musa ukunika ngaphezu kwee-ounces ezi-4 (malunga neemililitha ezili-120, malunga nekomityi) ngosuku. Kwakhona, soloko unika ijusi yeziqhamo kwikomityi, kungekhona ibhotile. Ukusela ijusi kwibhotile akulunganga emazinyweni akho.

Iziselo ezineswekile – izinto ezifana nesoda, iziselo zejusi ezipakishiweyo, iziselo zemidlalo, kunye nobisi olunencasa – azilungelanga kwaphela ebantwaneni. Azilungelanga kwaphela impilo yabo.

Ngoko ke, ngaba singakukhumbuza ngezona ngongoma zibalulekileyo esizixubushileyo?

Ndiyathemba ukuba oku kuyaphendula imibuzo yakho emininzi malunga nokondla umntwana wakho, ukondla ubisi lweentsana, ukuqala ukutya okuqinileyo, kunye nokunika ubisi lwenkomo. Nangona oku kude kancinci, ndiyathemba ukuba yonke into iya kucaca kuwe. Ngamafutshane, gcina la manqaku engqondweni:

• Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuqala ukutya okuqinileyo kuxa umntwana wakho emalunga neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho ukulungele, ungathetha nogqirha wakho uze uqale kancinci kancinci emva kweenyanga ezi-4.
• Qala ngeenkozo eziqiniswe nge-iron uze kancinci kancinci wazise okunye ukutya (imifuno, iziqhamo, inyama, intlanzi, iinkozo). Xa uzisa ukutya okutsha, linda iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukutya.
• Musa ukunika umntwana wakho ukutya okuneswekile eninzi, ityuwa, ubusi (de umntwana abe nonyaka omnye ubudala), ukutya okungafakwanga iintsholongwane, kunye nokutya okunokumkrwitsha.
• Ungaqala ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo (ubisi olupheleleyo) emva kokuba egqibe unyaka omnye ubudala.
• Qala ukumnika amanzi ngokutya okuqinileyo, kancinci kancinci. Ijusi yeziqhamo emva konyaka, kodwa ngobuninzi obuncinci kakhulu kwaye isuka kwikomityi kuphela. Akukho ziselo zinoshukela konke konke.
• Ufanele uhlale ukufutshane nomntwana wakho ngalo lonke ixesha esitya. Mphe ukutya ngokukhuselekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo.

Okokugqibela, kufuneka ndikuxelele, ayizizo zonke iintsana ezifanayo, zahlukile. Ngoko ke kusoloko kungcono kwaye kukhuselekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yintoni elungele umntwana wakho nendlela omele umondle ngayo. Ndikunqwenelela okuhle wena nomntwana wakho kolu hambo, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka, ngolwazi olufanelekileyo, nangothando!

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