Ingaba umntwana wakho ukhula kakuhle? Masithethe ngezi Tshati zoKhula!

Molo! Usenokuba ukhathazekile kancinci ngokukhula komntwana wakho, nokuba ukhula kakuhle, akunjalo? Njengomama okanye utata, kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukulinganisa ukukhula komntwana wakho. Ezo ziitshathi zokukhula, okanye njengoko sitsho ngesiNgesi, `(Iitshathi zokukhula)`.

Zithini ezi tshati zokukhula?

Ngamafutshane, ezi tshati zokukhula ziiseti yemilinganiselo ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukubona ukuba ubude nobunzima bomntwana wakho buthelekiswa njani nabanye abantwana abasempilweni abaneminyaka yakhe. Khumbula, ayingabo bonke abantwana abakhula ngesantya esifanayo. Abanye abantwana batyebile kancinci, abanye bancinci. Abanye bade, abanye bafutshane. Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ukukhula komntwana:

• I-genetics: Ezi zizinto ezidluliselwa kubazali. Ukuba wonke umntu kusapho umfutshane kancinci, umntwana usenokuba ngumntwana ofanayo.
• Isini: Ngokubanzi kukho umahluko omncinci kwindlela abafana namantombazana abakhula ngayo.
• Isondlo: Isondlo esifanelekileyo sibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ukutya okunesondlo kuchaphazela ngqo ukukhula komntwana.
• Umsebenzi womzimba: Ukubaleka, ukutsiba, nokudlala nako kunceda ekukhuleni.
• Iimeko zempilo: Ezinye iimeko zempilo zinokuchaphazela ukukhula.
• Indalo: Indalo ohlala kuyo nayo inempembelelo ngandlela thile.
• IiHormone : IiHormone emzimbeni zikwalawula ukukhula.

Ngoko ke, ugqirha uyazi njani ukuba ubude nobunzima bomntwana wakho bukwinqanaba "elisempilweni", nokuba ukhula kakuhle, okanye kukho ingxaki yezonyango echaphazela ukukhula kwakhe? Iitshathi zokukhula ziyanceda ekuphenduleni loo mibuzo.

Kutheni oogqirha besebenzisa ezi tshati zokukhula?

Eli asilophepha nje kuphela. Oogqirha basebenzisa la manqaku ngalo lonke ixesha xa usisa umntwana wakho ekliniki. Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa zoku:

• Yenza uthelekiso: Ungayibona indlela umntwana wakho akhula ngayo xa ethelekiswa nabanye abantwana abaneminyaka efanayo nesini sakhe (oko kukuthi, indoda ukuba iyindoda, ibhinqa ukuba ibhinqa).
• Chonga iPateni yoKukhula: Le tshati ibonisa indlela ubude nobunzima bomntwana wakho obukhula ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, oko kukuthi, ipatheni yokukhula kwakhe. Ungabona ukuba ukhula ngendlela efanayo ngalo lonke ixesha, okanye ukuba kukho utshintsho olukhawulezileyo.
• Jonga ukukhula okulinganayo: Oku kunokukunika umbono wokuba unobunzima obufanelekileyo na ubude bakho, okanye nokuba unobude obufanelekileyo na ubunzima bakho.

Khawuthelekelele oku: Umntwana wakho ukhule ngendlela efanayo kangangeminyaka emibini, oko kuthetha ukuba ukukhula kwakhe kunyuke ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa ngequbuliso, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo, ukukhula kwakhe kubonakala kucotha kakhulu kunabanye abantwana, kwaye ugqirha unokubona ngokucacileyo lo mahluko xa ejonga le tshathi yokukhula. Kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ingxaki yempilo na.

Ngaba wonke umntu unetshathi yokukhula efanayo?

Hayi. Eli nqaku linye alisetyenziswa ngumntu wonke.

• Kukho amanqaku ahlukeneyo amantombazana namakhwenkwe kuba akhula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nesantya.
• Iyahluka ngokweminyaka:
• Iseti enye yeentsana ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiinyanga ezingama-36 (iminyaka emi-3).
• Enye iseti yabantwana kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwengama-20 ubudala.
• Amanqaku akhethekileyo kubantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa: Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqaku okukhula akhethekileyo asetyenziselwa abantwana abaneemeko ezikhethekileyo, njengeDown syndrome , okanye iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha .

Zithini izilinganiso zala manqaku?

Izinto ezilinganiswa ngoogqirha ziyahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kubudala bomntwana.

• Iintsana ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezingama-36 (iminyaka emi-3):
• Ubunzima
• Ubude (ubude bulinganiswe kuba awukwazi ukuma)
• Ukujikeleza kwentloko ( umlinganiselo ojikeleze inxalenye enkulu yentloko)
• Kubantwana abadala (abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwengama-20 ubudala):
• Ubunzima
• Ukuphakama (ukuma okulinganisiweyo)
• Isalathisi soBunzima boMzimba ( BMI ): Olu lubalo olukhethekileyo olujonga ukuba ubunzima bakho bufanelekile na ngokweenqanaba lakho lobude.

Zonke ezi zilinganiso zithathwa kwaye ziphawulwe kwitshathi ehambelana nobudala bomntwana kunye nesini sakhe. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukujonga ubunzima kunye nobude bemilinganiselo uze uzithelekise. Kulapho kuphela apho unokufumanisa khona umfanekiso opheleleyo wokukhula komntwana.

Kutheni umlinganiselo wentloko yeentsana ezincinci ulinganiswa?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezincinci, kuba ukujikeleza kwentloko kunokunika umbono othile wokukhula kwengqondo yazo.

• Ukuba intloko yomntwana inkulu kakhulu okanye incinci kakhulu kunezinye iintsana,
• Okanye ukuba intloko ngequbuliso iyeka ukukhula, okanye ukuba ikhula ngesantya esingenakucingelwa,

Usenokuzibuza ukuba ngaba kukho ingxaki na ngezi zinto.

Umzekelo, ukuba intloko yomntwana inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga, inokuba luphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Hydrocephalus." Ngamafutshane, kuthethaUkuqokelelana kolwelo olufana namanzi ngaphakathi kwengqondo . Kwakhona, ukuba intloko incinci kunesiqhelo, oko kunokuthetha ukuba ingqondo ayikhuli kakuhle, okanye iyeke ukukhula. Yiyo loo nto olu vavanyo luhlala luthathwa de kube ziinyanga ezingama-36.

Zithini ezi percentiles?

Xa uya kugqirha, mhlawumbi ukhe weva abantu besithi, "Umntwana wakho ukwi-50th percentile" okanye "Ukwi-10th percentile." Yintoni "i-percentile"? Ngamafutshane, i-percentile yindlela yokulinganisa apho umntwana wakho ethelekiswa nabanye abantwana abali-100 abaneminyaka efanayo nesini. La ma-percentile aboniswa yimigca egobileyo kwitshati yokukhula. Xa ugqirha elinganisa ubude nobunzima bomntwana wakho aze awaphawule kwitshati, unokubona ukuba loluphi uludwe lwe-percentile loo manqaku awela kulo.

• Okukhona inani leepesenti liphezulu, kokukhona liba likhulu , oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho mkhulu (ngobude okanye ubunzima) kunabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yakhe kunye nesini sakhe.
• Okukhona inani leepesenti liphantsi, kokukhona umntwana wakho eba mncinci xa ethelekiswa nabanye abantwana.

Makhe sijonge umzekelo: Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubunzima bomntwana oneminyaka emi-4 bukwi-10th percentile. Oku kuthetha ukuba kubafana abali-100 abaneminyaka yakhe, abali-10 (10%) bangaphantsi kobunzima, kwaye abanye abangama-90 (90%) banzima kakhulu. Kodwa nantsi ingongoma ebalulekileyo: Ukuba kwi-percentile ephezulu okanye ephantsi akuthethi ukuba umntwana akaphilanga, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokukhula okanye ubunzima. Kuthekani ukuba umntwana oneminyaka emi-4 kumzekelo ongaphambili ukwi-10th percentile yobunzima, kodwa ukwakwi-10th percentile yobude? Oko kuthetha ukuba i-10% yabantwana abaneminyaka yakhe bafutshane kwaye balula kunaye. Amanye ama-90% made kwaye anzima kunaye. Oku kuthetha nje ukuba mncinci kancinci kunomndilili. Ukuba abazali bakhe nabo balingana ngobukhulu, ukuba udlala kakuhle, kwaye usempilweni, oogqirha banokugqiba kwelokuba akukho nto ibalulekileyo.

Ngoko ke yeyiphi i-percentile efanelekileyo kumntwana wam?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngoomama abaninzi. Enyanisweni, akukho nani linye elithi "le yeyona persenti ilungileyo." Iintsana eziphilileyo ziza ngobukhulu neemilo ezahlukeneyo. Umntwana okwipersenti yesi-5 unokuba sempilweni njengomntwana okwipersenti yama-95.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba wonke umntwana alandele indlela yakhe yokukhula ngokuhamba kwexesha.Oko kukuthi, ubude nobunzima bukhula ngesantya esifanayo, ngendlela ehambelanayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana uyaqhubeka nokuhamba kumgca othile we-percentile kwitshati yokukhula. Ngoko ke ukuba umntwana oneminyaka emi-4 ubudala okhankanywe ngaphambili, owayekwi-percentile ye-10, ebekuloo mgca we-percentile ye-10 ukususela esengumntwana, oko kubonisa ukuba ukhula kakuhle ngokwendlela yakhe. Luphawu oluhle olo.

Kunini apho kufuneka silumke ngakumbi khona?

Kukho iipateni ezithile zetshathi yokukhula ugqirha angathanda ukuzijonga ngokusondeleyo, kuba ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba luphawu lwengxaki yempilo. Nazi imizekelo embalwa: 1. Ukuba umntwana wakho ngequbuliso uyehla okanye anyuke ngaphezu komgca we-percentile wobude okanye ubunzima abebewulandela ixesha elide:

• Khawuthelekelele ukuba umntwana wakho ebekwi-60th percentile ngobude nangobunzima de abe neminyaka emi-5 ubudala, aze ngequbuliso ehle aye kwi-30th percentile xa eneminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Oku kunokubangela ukurhanelwa kwengxaki yokukhula kuba umntwana akalandeli indlela yakhe yokukhula eqhelekileyo.
• Kodwa khumbula, akusoloko kukho ingxaki ngee-percentile. Kuqhelekile ukubona utshintsho kwii-percentile ngamaxesha athile ekukhuleni kwabantwana abaninzi, ingakumbi ngexesha lobuntwana kunye nokufikisa , njengoko amazinga okukhula anokwahluka kumntwana ngamnye.

2. Ukuba ubunzima bomntwana abunyuki ngesantya esifanayo nobude bakhe obunyukayo (okanye ngokuchaseneyo):

• Umzekelo, ukuba ubude bomfana bukwi-40th percentile, kodwa ubunzima bakhe bukwi-85th percentile. Oku kuthetha ukuba mde kune-40% yabantwana abaneminyaka yakhe, kodwa unzima kune-85%. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingxaki (unzima kakhulu kunobude bakhe).
• Kwelinye icala, masithi ubude nobunzima bomntwana bukwi-85th percentile, kwaye ebesoloko ebonisa ipateni efanayo ixesha elide. Kwimeko enjalo, oko kungathetha ukuba ungumntwana osempilweni, kodwa mkhulu kancinci kunomndilili. Loo nto ayiyongxaki.

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, okanye malunga nezi tshathi zokukhula, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Uyayazi imbali yezonyango yomntwana wakho kwaye angakunika icebiso elichanekileyo.

Ngoko ke, umyalezo wokugqibela oza kugoduka nawo:

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu ngala manqaku alandelayo ngoku. Okokugqibela, nazi izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Iitshathi zokukhula zizixhobo nje zoogqirha: Nangona zinokunika umbono olungileyo wokukhula komntwana , azichazi ukuba umntwana unesifo esithile ngenxa yoku kuphela. Ugqirha uya kuthathela ingqalelo ezinye izinto ezininzi.
• Musa ukujonga nje umlinganiselo omnye:Okubalulekileyo yindlela umntwana akhula ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ungakhathazeki ukuba umlinganiselo omnye uphezulu kakhulu okanye uphantsi kakhulu ngosuku olunye.
• Wonke umntwana wahlukile: Musa ukuthelekisa umntwana wakho nabanye abantwana. Izinga lokukhula komntu wonke kunye nemvelaphi yemfuza zahlukile.
• Khumbula: Iipesenti ezikule manqaku azimeli "ibanga" / "ukuphumelela" komntwana.
• Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, ungaze ujonge kwi-intanethi okanye umamele amarhe, kodwa thetha ngqo nogqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wezingane. Ngabo bantu balungileyo bokunika wena nomntwana wakho icebiso elifanelekileyo.

Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nomntwana wakho omncinci!