Ngaba ukhathazekile ngobunzima bomntwana wakho? Masithethe ngokutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu!

Ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho utyebile kancinci? Okanye ngaba ugqirha ukhe wathetha okuthile ngobunzima bomntwana wakho? Enyanisweni, abazali abaninzi banengxaki nale ngxaki kule mihla. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngeemeko zokutyeba kakhulu nokutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni, okanye njengoko besitsho ngesiNgesi, `(Overweight)` kunye `(Obesity)`. Le yingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu, kuba ichaphazela ngqo impilo yabantwana bethu.

Bathetha ukuthini oogqirha xa besithi “utyebile kakhulu” kunye “nokutyeba kakhulu”?

Ngamafutshane, oogqirha basebenzisa amagama athi "ukutyeba kakhulu" okanye "ukutyeba kakhulu" ukubonisa ukuba umntu usengozini enkulu yokuba neengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nokutyeba. Esi asisosifo, kodwa yimeko enokubangela izifo ezininzi. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka sikhathazeke ngaso.

Ubunzima bulinganiswa njani? Yintoni i-BMI (Body Mass Index)?

I-Body Mass Index (BMI) sisikali esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuqikelela ukuba umntwana unamafutha angakanani emzimbeni wakhe. Sibalwa kusetyenziswa ubude nobunzima bomntwana. Ungazifumana ngokwakho ezi zinto usebenzisa isixhobo sokubala i-BMI, kodwa kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ukuze ufumane umlinganiselo ochanekileyo. Nje ukuba i-BMI ibalwe, oogqirha bayithelekisa neetshathi ze-BMI eziqhelekileyo. Kukho iindidi ezine eziphambili zabantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 neli-19 ubudala:

• Ubunzima obungaphantsi kobunzima: Ukuba i-BMI ingaphantsi kwe-5th percentile, oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana uphantsi kobunzima ngokweminyaka yakhe nobude bakhe.
• Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo : Ukuba i-BMI iphakathi kwe-5th percentile kunye ne-85th percentile, eli linqanaba lobunzima obusempilweni.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu : Ukuba i-BMI yakho iphakathi kwe-85th percentile kunye ne-95th percentile, kufuneka ukhathazeke ngakumbi ngobunzima bakho.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu : Ukuba i-BMI yakho ikwi-95th percentile okanye ingaphezulu kwayo, oku kuthathwa njengengxaki enzulu.

Endaweni ye-BMI, oogqirha basebenzisa iitshathi zobunzima nobude ukulinganisa ubunzima babantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Ezi tshathi zijonga ukuba ubunzima bomntwana bufanelekile na kubude bakhe. Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala ukwi-95th percentile okanye ngaphezulu kwezi tshathi, loo mntwana uthathwa njengotyebileyo.

Ngaba i-BMI isoloko ibonisa ngokuchanekileyo amafutha omzimba?

Oku nako yinto ekufuneka siyiqonde. I-BMI ayilomlinganiselo opheleleyo wamafutha omzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokusinika umfanekiso ongalunganga. Khawucinge nje, umntu oye wazilolonga kakuhle waza wakha ubunzima bemisipha unokuba ne-BMI ephezulu. Kodwa akatyebanga, kuba umzimba wakhe unezihlunu ezininzi kunamafutha. Kwakhona, ngexesha lokufikisa, xa abantwana bekhula ngokukhawuleza, kunokuba nzima ukuqonda ixabiso le-BMI.

Khumbula, i-BMI yindlela nje efanelekileyo yokubonisa ukuba unamafutha amaninzi kangakanani emzimbeni. Ayilomlinganiselo othe ngqo.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nobunzima bomntwana wakho?

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nobunzima bomntwana wakho, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kubuza malunga nendlela umntwana wakho atya ngayo kunye namanqanaba akhe okusebenza. Baza kukunika neengcebiso zokutshintsha indlela yakhe yokuphila esempilweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga iimeko ezinxulumene nokutyeba kakhulu, njengesifo seswekile. Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-BMI yomntwana wakho (okanye i-body mass index) kunye nempilo iyonke, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yokutya ebhalisiweyo okanye kwinkqubo yokulawula ubunzima. Amaxesha amaninzi, abanye abantwana banokufuna ukumiselwa amayeza okanye notyando.

Kutheni abantwana abancinci "betyeba kakhulu" okanye "betyebe kakhulu"?

Kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esinye sale nto. Ixesha elininzi, kuba yindibaniselwano yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili?

• Imikhwa emibi yokutya: Ukutya ukutya okunencasa eninzi, okunamafutha , ukutya okukhawulezayo, nokutya okucutshungulwayo .
• Ukungazilolongi: Ukuma endaweni enye ngaphandle kokushukumisa umzimba.
• I-Genetics: Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-genes ezizuzwe njengelifa nazo zinokuchaphazela oku.
• Le yingqokelela yazo zonke.

Ukongeza, ezinye iintsapho zinokuba nobunzima bokufumana ukutya okunempilo kunye neendawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuba abantwana bazo basebenze. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukutyeba kunokubangelwa yingxaki ye-endocrine, i-genetic syndrome, okanye amayeza athile.

Indlela ukutya nendlela yokuphila echaphazela ngayo

Sisoloko sikhetha ukutya okulula nokukhawulezileyo ukukulungisa. Ukusuka ekutyeni okukhawulezileyo ukuya ekutyeni okwenziwe kwangaphambili, okupakishwe kwiipakethe kunye nezidlo ezincinci. Ngobomi obuxakekileyo, akukho xesha lininzi lokulungiselela ukutya okunesondlo ekhaya nokwenza umthambo. Ngokufanayo, ubungakanani besabelo bubalulekile . Ubungakanani esibutyayo ekhaya nangaphandle ngamanye amaxesha bungaphezulu kunokuba sicinga. Ngaphezu koko, ubomi buhlala buhleli kakhulu kule mihla. Abantwana abancinci bachitha ixesha elininzi bedlala ngeefowuni, iitablethi kunye nemidlalo yekhompyutha kunokudlala ngaphandle. Abantwana abachitha ixesha elininzi phambi kwezikrini banamathuba amaninzi okufumana ubunzima. Kwakhona, ukuba likhoboka lesikrini kunciphisa ubuthongo. Abantwana abangalali ngokwaneleyo nabo banokufumana ubunzima.

Kubaluleke kangakanani ukuzilolonga?

Abantwana abaninzi abafumani umthambo owaneleyo. Abantwana abadala kunye nolutsha kufuneka bafumane ubuncinci iyure yokuzilolonga okuphakathi ukuya kokunamandla ngosuku . Oku kufuneka kuquke umthambo we-aerobic kunye nemisebenzi eqinisa izihlunu namathambo. Abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5 kufuneka bafumane ubuncinci iyure yokuzilolonga okuphakathi ukuya kokunamandla ngosuku.Kufuneka ube nomdlandla ubuncinane iiyure ezi-3. Oko kuthetha ukubaleka, ukutsiba, nokudlala.

Impembelelo yezakhi zofuzo `(Izakhi zofuzo)`

Iijini zinokuchaphazela nobunzima babantwana. Iijini zethu zimisela uhlobo lomzimba wethu, indlela esigcina ngayo amafutha, kunye nendlela esitshisa ngayo amafutha. Nangona kunjalo, iijini zodwa azinakuba noxanduva lwengxaki yokutyeba ngoku. Njengeejini, imikhwa emibi idluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana, ngoko ke amalungu amaninzi osapho olunye anokubandezeleka ziingxaki ezinxulumene nobunzima. Cinga ngako, amalungu osapho adla ngokutya ukutya okufanayo, aphile ubomi obufanayo bokuhlala phantsi, kwaye aqhelise umzimba ngokulinganayo. Ukuba omnye wabazali utyebile okanye utyebile, umntwana unokuba nengxaki efanayo.

Zeziphi iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangelwa kukutyeba kakhulu?

Abantu abane-BMI ephezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba batyebile kakhulu okanye batyebile kakhulu, banamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nobunzima. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi `Uhlobo lweSisu lweSibini` (Uhlobo lweSibini lweSisu lweSibini), `Uxinzelelo lweGazi oluPhezulu` (Uxinzelelo lweGazi oluPhezulu), kunye ne`Uhlobo lweCholesterol ePhakamileyo` (I-Cholesterol ePhakamileyo). Ezi meko, ezazikade zicingelwa ukuba zibonwa kubantu abadala kuphela, ngoku ziya zixhaphaka ngakumbi ebantwaneni. Abantwana abatyebe kakhulu kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo banokufumana oku:

• Iingxaki zamathambo namalungu
• Ukuphefumla nzima: Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuzilolonga okanye ukudlala. Ukuba une -asthma , inokuba mandundu okanye ikhule.
• Ukungalali okanye iingxaki zokuphefumla ngexesha lokulala, umzekelo `(Obstructive Sleep Apnea)`
• Ukukhula kwangethuba: Abantwana abatyebe kakhulu banokuba bade kwaye bakhule ngokwesondo kwangethuba kunabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yabo. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni uluntu lulindele ukuba baziphathe ngendlela evuthiweyo kunabo.
• Ukungahlali kakuhle kwenyanga kunye neengxaki zokuzala xa umntu emdala
• Isifo sesibindi kunye nenyongo

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wentliziyo, ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye nesifo seswekile, ezikhula ngexesha lobuntwana zinokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi xa umntu emdala. Ke ngoko, ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu ebuntwaneni kunokubanceda ekukhuseleni kwezi ngxaki kamva ebomini.

Ngaba zinokubakho iziphumo zengqondo?

Ewe, ewe. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwiingqondo zabantwana.

• Ukungazithembi: Usenokuziva udanile.
• Kwabanye abantwanaKukho ithuba lokuba ubekwe ecaleni, uhlekwe, kwaye uxhatshazwe .

Abantwana abangonwabanga bubunzima babo banokujamelana neengozi ezifana nezi:

• Ukutya okungenampilo kunye neengxaki zokutya
• Uxinzelelo
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi

Ungayithintela njani into yokuba abantwana batyebe kakhulu kwaye batyebe kakhulu?

Oku akuyonto umntu omnye anokuyenza eyedwa. Sisigqibo ekufuneka senziwe lusapho lonke . Kufuneka ucinge ngendlela intsapho yakho etya ngayo, indlela abazilolonga ngayo, kunye nendlela abachitha ngayo ixesha kunye. Ukuze abantwana bakho baphile ubomi obusempilweni, abazali kufuneka bakhokele ngomzekelo. Gcina abantwana benesisindo esisempilweni kuyo yonke iminyaka, kwaye ubandakanye lonke usapho. Yenza ukutya okunempilo kwaye uzilolonge kube yinto yosapho. Babandakanye nabantwana bakho koku. Babandakanye ekulungiseleleni nasekucwangciseni ukutya okunempilo. Baphathe nawe xa usiya kuthenga. Bafundise indlela yokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo lokutya.

Zeziphi iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo esizenzayo sonke? Ziphephe ezi

• Yeka ukunika umntwana wakho iilekese, itofi, kunye netshokolethi njengomvuzo wokuziphatha kakuhle okanye ukuyeka ukuziphatha okubi. Thetha nogqirha ngezinye iindlela zokutshintsha ukuziphatha komntwana wakho.
• Musa ukwenza umthetho othi "kufuneka utye epleyitini." Neentsana ezincinci ziya kuguqula ubuso bazo zibushiye ibhotile okanye ubisi lwebele xa zizele. Ukuba umntwana wakho uthi sele etye ngokwaneleyo, musa ukumnyanzela ukuba atye. Kufuneka umenze aqonde ukuba kufuneka atye kuphela xa elambile aze ayeke xa ezele.
• Musa ukubiza ukutya ngokuthi "kubi" okanye ungazivumeli ngokupheleleyo iilekese kunye nezidlo zokutya ozithandayo. Oku kunokukhuthaza abantwana ukuba bazikhuphe ngokungekho mthethweni okanye bazizise ekhaya ukuze batye. Banike ukutya okunempilo amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye ubanike izidlo ezincinci ngamanye amaxesha.

Iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kumaqela ahlukeneyo eminyaka

Kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo kubantwana bayo yonke iminyaka, kunye nezinto ezifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yabo.

• Ukuzalwa ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eyi-1 ubudala: Ukongeza kwiingenelo ezininzi zempilo zokuncancisa, kukwanceda ekuthinteleni ukutyeba okungafunekiyo. Landela icebiso likagqirha wakho malunga nokuba ungaqala nini ukutya okuqinileyo.
• Ubudala obu-1 ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emi-5: Bafundise imikhwa emihle kwasebuncinaneni. Bancede balungise indlela abakhetha ukutya ngayo ngokubanika iintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo. Khuthaza abantwana ukuba basebenze ngokwemvelo.
• Iminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kweyi-12: Gcina abantwana bakho bexakekile yonke imihla. Oku kungaba kukudlala okucwangcisiweyo, ikhefu esikolweni, okanye ukudlala ngaphandle. Bagcine bexakekile ekhaya, njengokudlala ngaphandle okanye ukuhambahamba nosapho. Bafundise ukukhetha ukutya okunempilo, kwaye ubabandakanye kwizinto ezifana nokupakisha isidlo sasemini.
• Iminyaka eli-13 ukuya kweli-18:Fundisa ulutsha ukulungiselela ukutya okunempilo kunye nezidlo ezincinci ekhaya. Bakhuthaze ukuba benze izigqibo ezinempilo ngaphandle kwekhaya kwaye bahlale besebenza yonke imihla.

Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibalulekileyo kubantwana bayo yonke iminyaka

• Nciphisa ixesha olichitha phambi kweTV, ifowuni, ikhompyutha, kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo. Yeka ukutya phambi kwesikrini.
• Nika iintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo, kwaye usapho lonke lutye kunye nanini na xa kunokwenzeka.
• Khuthaza abantwana ukuba batye isidlo sakusasa yonke imihla.
• Nika ubuncinane iziqhamo nemifuno kahlanu ngosuku.
• Nciphisa iziselo ezineswekile, ezifana nesoda, ijusi, kunye neziselo zemidlalo.
• Lala ngokwaneleyo .

Okokugqibela, into omawuyithethe (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Thetha nabantwana bakho ngokubaluleka kokutya kakuhle nokuhlala usebenza. Yiba ngumzekelo omhle nawe. Yitya kakuhle, qhelisa rhoqo , kwaye ufake imikhwa enempilo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Xa oku kuyimicimbi yosapho, indlela yokuphila enempilo iya kuba yinto yesibini kuye wonke umntu.

Khumbula, ubunzima bomntwana abungobomntwana okanye bakho. Le yinto ekufuneka sisebenzisane sonke ukuyisombulula, ngothando nangokuqonda. Uyaqonda? Ungayenza!

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Ukutyeba kakhulu, ukutyeba kakhulu, i-BMI, impilo yomntwana, ukutya, umthambo, ukutyeba kakhulu