Ngaba amehlo omntwana wakho ahlala emanzi? Makhe sithethe ngotyando lokuvaleka kwemibhobho yeenyembezi!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba amehlo omntwana wakho avuza nje iinyembezi, ngamanye amaxesha avela kwelinye iliso, okanye omabini? Ngamanye amaxesha amanzi kancinci ajikeleze amehlo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ahamba namehlo aqukuqelayo. Nangona oku kuqhelekile kwiintsana ezininzi ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto exhalabisayo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesizathu esinokwenzeka sale nto, esibizwa ngokuba yi-"blocked tear duct," kunye notyando olunokwenziwa ukuyinyanga.

Kutheni le nto le mibhobho yokukrazula ivalekile? Zithini imibhobho yokukrazula?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge indlela ezenziwa ngayo ezi nyembezi kunye nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwimibhobho yeenyembezi. Uyazi, amehlo ethu kufuneka ahlale emanzi, ukuze siwakhusele eluthulini. Ukuze sincede koku, sinee-glands ezincinci phezulu kwamehlo ethu, phantsi kweenkophe zethu, ezenza iinyembezi. Ezi nyembezi zisasazeka kulo lonke iliso, zigcina iliso licocekile, kwaye ekugqibeleni zingene ngaphakathi kweliso, kufutshane nempumlo, ngemingxuma emibini emincinci (esizibiza ngokuba yi-"puncta"), kwaye zihamba ngenkqubo encinci yeetyhubhu ukuya empumlweni. Le nkqubo yeetyhubhu yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"lacrimal drainage system ". Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwenye indawo endleleni, kwimibhobho yeenyembezi? Iinyembezi azikwazi ukuhamba kakuhle. Kulapho iinyembezi ziqala ukuphuma khona elisweni, njengamanzi aphuma kwisinki epheleleyo. Kutheni oku kwenzeka kubantwana abancinci? Uninzi lwexesha, oku kwenzeka kuba imibhobho yeenyembezi yeentsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa ayivulekanga ngokupheleleyo. Oko kukuthi, yimeko ekhoyo ukususela ekuzalweni. Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi `(Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction - CNLDO)`. Xa umntwana esesibelekweni, isiphelo sale duct sinokugqunywa `(i-membrane)` encinci. Ngokwesiqhelo, le membrane ivuleka ngokwayo nokuba kukuzalwa okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Kodwa kwezinye iintsana, oku akwenzeki. Kulapho ingxaki iqala khona.

Ngamafutshane, umbhobho wokukrazula ufana nombhobho omncinci othwala iinyembezi eziveliswa liliso ukuya empumlweni. Ukuba uvalekile, iinyembezi ziya kuphuma liliso.

Uyazi njani ukuba umbhobho wakho wokukrazula iinyembezi uvaliwe? Zithini iimpawu?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-tear duct evalekileyo, hlala ulumkele ezi mpawu.

• Amehlo aneenyembezi rhoqo: Ukuba umntwana wakho uneenyembezi kwelinye okanye kuwo omabini amehlo, ingakumbi xa engakhali, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zihla ezidleleni zakhe, kufuneka ukhathazeke ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka na de umntwana wakho abe malunga neenyanga ezi-6-8 ubudala .
• Ukuqokelelwa kwezinto ezifana ne -mucus kunye ne-pus emehlweni: Ngenxa yokuba iinyembezi aziphumi kakuhle, iinyembezi zinokuqokelelana ngaphakathi kweliso, ngamanye amaxesha zenze into efana ne-mucus, okanye etyheli, efana ne-pus eluhlaza. Amehlo akho anokubambeka xa uvuka kusasa.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo nokudumba:Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba kukho usulelo, indawo ejikeleze iliso inokuba bomvu ize idumbe.
• Usulelo lwamehlo oluphindaphindayo: Ngenxa yokuba iinyembezi zihlala kwindawo enye, kulula ukuba iintsholongwane zikhule. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ezinye iintsana zibe nosulelo lwamehlo oluphindaphindayo. Ugqirha angakunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunciphisa usulelo, kodwa luya kubuya emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ukudumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwikona engaphakathi yeliso (kwicala lempumlo): Amaxesha amaninzi, kunokuvela ukudumba okuncinci kwindawo ye-lacrimal sac, ezele ziinyembezi. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-dacryocystocele.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukubonana nogqirha wabantwana okanye ingcali yamehlo ukuze akunike iingcebiso.

Ngaba wonke umntu udinga utyando? Akukho nyango lumbi kuqala?

Hayi, ayinguye wonke umntu oza kwenziwa utyando ngoko nangoko. Ingakumbi kubantwana, oogqirha bazama ezinye iindlela ezilula kuqala. Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe kuqala: 1. Ukuphulula i-lacrimal sac massage: Le yinto yokuqala ofundiswa yona. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho uza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza oku. Ukuphulula ngobunono nangokuchanekileyo indawo ephakathi kweliso lakho nempumlo apho i-tear sac ikhoyo kunokunceda ukukhulula i-membrane evalekileyo. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe amaxesha amaninzi ngemini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza oku ngokuchanekileyo. 2. Ukugcina iliso licocekile: Gcina iliso licocekile ngokulisula ngelaphu elimanzi (elimanziswe ngamanzi afudumeleyo). 3. Amathontsi eliso e-antibiotic: Ukuba kukho usulelo, oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho ubomvu, ukuba iliso libomvu, ugqirha unokukunika ithontsi leliso eliqulethe ii-antibiotics. Kodwa oku kulawula kuphela usulelo, akuwususi umbhobho we-tear ovalekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, xa abantwana beneminyaka eyi-6, 9, okanye unyaka ubudala, umbhobho we-tear uya kuzivulekela ngokwawo ngale massage kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba malunga nabantwana abali-9 kwabali-10 abadingi utyando. Ngoko ke ufanele ucinge nini ngotyando?

• Nokuba umntwana uneminyaka emalunga neyonyaka ubudala (abanye oogqirha bacinga njalo kwanangaphambi koko), ukuba oku kukrazuka kunye nosulelo kuyaqhubeka.
• Ukuba unezifo zamehlo ezixhaphakileyo neziqatha.
• Ukuba izinto ezinje ngokuphulula umzimba azibonakali zinceda.
• Ukuba unesifo esingaqhelekanga esibizwa ngokuba yi-``dacryocystocele```.

Ngamaxesha anje ke ugqirha ucebisa utyando.

Yintoni utyando lokuvaleka kwemibhobho yeinyembezi?

Ngamafutshane, olu tyando luvula umbhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa yingcali yamehlo, ngamanye amaxesha yingcali yamehlo yabantwana. Olu asilotyando olukhulu nolunzima. Rhoqo, lwenziwa njengotyando oluncinci lwangaphandle . Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana akufuneki ahlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezininzi, kwaye angaya ekhaya ngaloo mini. Xa olu tyando lwenziwa ebantwaneni, banikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba abaziva nto kwaye abaziva ntlungu. Ke ngoko, umntwana akaziva ntlungu okanye uloyiko ngenxa yoku. Eyona nkqubo yotyando ixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni: Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni abancinci kukuxilonga nokunkcenkceshela . Kule nto, ugqirha udlulisa isixhobo esincinci kakhulu, esincinci (iprobe) ecaleni kombhobho weenyembezi aze avule kancinci i-membrane evalekileyo okanye ukuvaleka. Emva koko, into efana namanzi anetyuwa idluliselwa kwityhubhu (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(inrigation)`) ukuze kubonwe ukuba ityhubhu ivulekile ngokupheleleyo na kwaye iinyembezi ziphuma kakuhle. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba ityhubhu iyaqhubeka nokuvaleka emva kolu `(probing)`, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni afake ityhubhu encinci `(stent)` ukuze ityhubhu ihlale ivulekile. Le tyhubhu ishiywa endaweni yayo kangangeenyanga ezimbalwa ize isuswe. Utyando lwabantu abadala (olufana ne `(dacryocystorhinostomy - DCR)`) lunokuba nzima ngakumbi, kodwa le ndlela `(probing kunye nokunkcenkceshela)` idla ngokusetyenziswa ebantwaneni.

Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi ngaphambi kotyando?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ugqiba ekubeni enze utyando, uza kukuchazela oku kulandelayo:

• Usana alufanele lunikwe ukutya okanye isiselo kangangexesha elithile ngaphambi kotyando (kuba lunikwa i-anesthesia ).
• Ixesha ekufuneka ufike ngalo esibhedlele ngomhla wotyando.
• Ufanele uxelele ugqirha ngazo naziphi na ezinye izifo okanye ii-aleji umntwana wakho anazo.
• Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.

Ingaba olu tyando lwenziwa njani? Ngaba luya kumlimaza umntwana omncinci?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, olu tyando lwenziwa kwiintsana eziphantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana ulele ngokupheleleyo. Aziva ntlungu. Utyando luphela kwimizuzu embalwa. Ugqirha usebenzisa ezo zixhobo zithambileyo ukuvula umbhobho weenyembezi.

Cinga ngale ndlela, kufana nokucoca umbhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo, kodwa ngononophelo olukhulu nangobuchule.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Ungazinyamekela njani ekhaya?

Emva kotyando, umntwana uza kujongwa okwethutyana, aze avuke emva kotyando, avunyelwe ukuba aye ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. Zinyamekele ezi zinto emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya:

• Amaconsi amehlo: Ugqirha uza kukunika isibulali-ntsholongwane mhlawumbi ne-steroid.Kuthiwa ifakwa kuhlobo lwethontsi lamehlo eliqulethe. Eli thontsi kufuneka lisetyenziswe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kangangeentsuku ezifanelekileyo. Oku kuthintela usulelo kwaye kunciphisa ukudumba.
• Ukugcina amehlo ecocekile: Ungayifumisa indawo ejikeleze amehlo. Kodwa ungawasusi okanye uwacinezele amehlo.
• Ukopha kancinci impumlo: Ngamanye amaxesha, unokuba nokukhupha okupinki empumlweni yakho kangangeentsuku ezimbini emva kotyando. Oku kuqhelekile, ungakhathazeki. Kodwa ukuba ukopha kukhulu, xelela ugqirha wakho .
• Ulandelelwano: Kufuneka ubuyisele umntwana wakho kugqirha ukuze ubone ukuba utyando luphumelele na kwaye ukuba umbhobho wokukrazula usebenza kakuhle na.

Olu tyando luphumelela kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi. Emva kotyando, amehlo omntwana ayayeka ukuvuza aze avule amehlo phantse ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kolu tyando?

Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho ithuba elincinci lemiphumo emibi emincinci kakhulu, kodwa ayifumaneki rhoqo .

• Usulelo (yiyo loo nto kunikwa amathontsi e-antibiotic).
• Ukuphinda kwenzeke kombhobho weenyembezi ovalekileyo (oku nako kunqabile, ukuba kuyenzeka, kunokufuneka wenze olunye utyando).
• Iingxaki ezincinci ezinxulumene ne-anesthesia (nazo ezi azixhaphakanga kakhulu).

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku kwangaphambili. Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala, kuba olu lutyando olukhuselekileyo.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awukwenzi utyando?

Ukuba umbhobho wokukrazula uhlala uvaliwe, ingxaki ephambili kukwanda kosulelo lwamehlo . Le yingxaki kuwe nakumntwana wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha olu sulelo lunokuba nzima kakhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi, usulelo olunzima lwe-tear sac (i-acute dacryocystitis) lunokwenzeka. Oku kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuba ugqirha ucebisa utyando, kubalulekile ukucinga kakuhle ngalo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ngezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo esikhe sathetha ngazo.

• Kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zibe namehlo anamanzi kunye nokukhupha amanzi emzimbeni. Kwiimeko ezininzi , oku kuya kuphelela kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbalwa.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo i-tear duct massage efundiswa ngugqirha.
• Ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka emva kokuba umntwana enonyaka ubudala , okanye ukuba usulelo luhlala lukho, ugqirha angathetha ngotyando (utyando lokuvaleka kwemibhobho yeenyembezi).
• Olu tyando lulula kwaye lukhuselekile . Umntwana unikwa i-anesthesia, ukuze angaziva iintlungu. Angagoduka ngaloo mini inye.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha (njengokufaka amaconsi emehlweni) kanye emva kotyando.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uloyiko, ungabi nazintloni uze ubuze ugqirha wakho. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.

Khumbula, impilo yomntwana wakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Xa kuvela ingxaki efana nale, kungcono ungoyiki, kodwa ufune iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo kwaye wenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ndikunqwenelela umntwana wakho ukuba aphile ngokukhawuleza!Ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yokukrazula, Ukukrazula kosana, Utyando lokuvaleka kwemibhobho yokukrazula, Ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yokukrazula ezalwa nayo, Ukuhlola nokunkcenkceshela, Utyando lwamehlo, Izifo zamehlo zabantwana