Masifunde ngakumbi nge-tetanus. Ungakhathazeki, inokuthintelwa!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge-'tetanus' okanye 'isifo se-lockjaw'. Enyanisweni sibi kakhulu, kodwa ngethamsanqa, sisifo esinokuthintelwa. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokufutshane nge-tetanus, indlela ekhula ngayo, iimpawu zayo, unyango, kwaye ngakumbi indlela yokuzikhusela kuyo, kulungile?

Yintoni iTetanus?

Ngamafutshane, i-tic sisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esinokuthintelwa, esichaphazela izihlunu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomzimba wethu. Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuba 'sisifo se-lockjaw', kuba uphawu oluphambili kukungakwazi ukuvula umlomo ngenxa yokuqina kwezihlunu. Kumazwe aphuhlileyo afana neMelika, esi sifo sinqabile kakhulu kuba abantwana bagonyelwa kuso ukususela kwiinyanga ezimbini ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe asaphuhlayo afana nelethu, sisengumcimbi oxhalabisayo.

Zithini izizathu ze-acne?

Kulungile, masibone ukuba olu qhambuko luvela njani. Lubangelwa luhlobo oluthile lwebhaktiriya. Ngokuchanekileyo, yintsholongwane yebhaktiriya ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Clostridium tetani)`. Ezi zihlala kwiindawo ezifana nomhlaba nothuli.

Ibhaktheriya yeClostridium tetani kunye netyhefu eyivelisayo

Xa intsholongwane iClostridium tetani ingena emizimbeni yethu, ivelisa ityhefu, eyityhefu. Le tyhefu iyingozi kakhulu. Ihamba ngemithambo-luvo kwindawo yokwenzakala ize ifikelele kwingqondo okanye kumqolo. Xa ifika apho, le tyhefu iphazamisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Ingakumbi, ichaphazela imithambo-luvo, ethwala imiyalezo yokuhambisa izihlunu zethu. Yiyo loo nto izihlunu zethu ziba lukhuni kwaye zishukume.

Oku kudla ngokungena njani emzimbeni?

Ixesha elininzi, le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngenxeba elingcolileyo. Umzekelo, khawucinge ngesikhonkwane esirhabaxa esinamathele eluswini lwakho, okanye inxeba elingcolileyo elinothuli nothuli. Ngamanye amaxesha inxeba lincinci kangangokuba sisenokungaliboni. Kodwa kwanelo nxeba lincinci linokungenisa le ntsholongwane.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamanxeba anokubangela ithumba:

• Amanxeba anesikhumba esifileyo: Imizekelo ibandakanya ukutsha, i-frostbite, i-gangrene, okanye ukwenzakala okutyumkileyo.
• Amanxeba angcoliswe bubumdaka, amathe, okanye ilindle: La manxeba asengozini ngakumbi ukuba awacocwanga kakuhle.
• Ukulimala okubangelwa ziinaliti ezingcolileyo nezingenazo iintsholongwane: Umzekelo, iinaliti ezisetyenziswa ekusebenziseni iziyobisi, ukuzibhala emzimbeni, okanye ukugqobhoza umzimba.

Yintoni i-Tetanus yeentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa?

Kukho olunye uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-tetanus, oluyi-tetanus eyenzeka kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Sikwabiza oku ngokuthi `(I-Tetanus yoSana)`. Oku kwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba umntwana uzelwe phantsi kweemeko ezingacocekanga, ngakumbi ukuba i-umbilical cord ayigcinwanga icocekile emva kokusikwa, apho iintsholongwane zingena khona. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe aphuhlileyo, ngenxa yegonyo le-tetanus elinikwa oomama kunye neengcebiso ezinikiweyo zokugcina i-umbilical cord icocekile emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, le meko `(I-Tetanus yoSana)` ngoku ayiqhelekanga kakhulu. Sikwaxhalabile kakhulu ngale nto kwilizwe lethu.

Zithini iimpawu zokuphuphuma kwesisu?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakala xa kuvela irhashalala. Iimpawu zinokubonakala naphi na ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwinyanga emva kokuba le ntsholongwane ingenile emzimbeni.

Idla ngokuqala ngokuqina kwemisipha yomhlathi . Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"trismus". Kuvakala ngathi umhlathi uvalekile, kwaye kunzima ukuvula umlomo. Ukongeza:

• Kunzima ukuginya.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha okanye iintlungu zinokwenzeka entanyeni, emagxeni, nasemqolo .
• Oku kuqina kwemisipha kunokusasazeka kancinci kancinci kwiindawo ezifana nesisu, iingalo eziphezulu (iingalo), kunye namathanga .
• Ngamanye amaxesha izihlunu zinokuba nzima kangangokuba umzimba wonke ugobe ngasemva njengesaphetha. Oku kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu.
• Usenokubona neempawu ezifana nokubila kakhulu kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.

Indlela yokunyanga i-eczema?

Ukuba umntu unesifo sohlangothi, ngokuqinisekileyo ufanele alaliswe esibhedlele aze anyangwe. Amaxesha amaninzi, unyango lunikezelwa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU) .

Apho, unyango oluphambili olunikiweyo zezi:

• Ii-antibiotics zinikwa ukubulala iintsholongwane.
• Ugonyo olubizwa ngokuba yiTetanus Immune Globulin (TIG) lunikwa ukuthintela ityhefu esele ivelisiwe emzimbeni.
• Amayeza anikwa ukulawula ukuqina kwemisipha kunye nokuqaqamba kwayo.
• Kwakhona, ukuba kuyimfuneko, unyango lunikwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba, njengokuphefumla, iyaqhubeka ngokufanelekileyo. Kungafuneka nokuba kuqhagamshelwe isigulana koomatshini ukunceda ekuphefumleni.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-eclampsia yimeko embi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu, kubalulekile ukuba ufune ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba ungakuthintela ukuphuphuma kwesisu?

Ewe! Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Isifo sorhudo sisifo esinokusithintela ngokupheleleyo . Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokwenza oku:

1. Gonyelwa i-smallpox. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nebaluleke kakhulu yokuzikhusela.

2. Ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba ne-tetanus emva kokwenzakala, fumana ugonyo (unyango lwe-tetanus emva kokuchaphazeleka).

Makhe sithethe ngezi zimbini ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Ukukhuselwa ekugonyweni

Ugonyo lokukhusela i-diphtheria lukwaqukwe kwinkqubo yokugonya yelizwe lethu. Olu gonyo ludla ngokunikezelwa ngexesha lobuntwana njengenxalenye yogonyo oludibeneyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-`DTaP`. `DTaP` lugonyo olukhusela kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: i-diphtheria (i-diphtheria), i-tetanus (i-tetanus), kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo (i-acellular pertussis).

Ishedyuli eqhelekileyo yokunika abantwana abancinci la mayeza okugonya yile ilandelayo:

• Uthotho lweedosi ezine zesitofu sokugonya se-DTaP lunikwa ngaphambi kokuba umntu abe neminyaka emi-2 ubudala (kwiinyanga ezi-2, ezi-4, ezi-6, nezili-18).
• Emva koko, kunikwa enye idosi ye-`DTaP` phakathi kweminyaka emi-4-6 ubudala .
• Okulandelayo, inaliti yokunyusa ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Tdap' inikwa xa uneminyaka eli-11-12 ubudala . Ukuba ayifakwanga, inganikwa kamva. I-'Tdap' ikwayigonyo le-diphtheria, i-tetanus, kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, kodwa yenzelwe abantu abadala kunye nabantwana abancinci.

Emva koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane ugonyo lwe-Tdap okanye ugonyo lwe-Td booster, olukhusela kuphela kwi-tetanus kunye ne-pertussis , rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 . Le yinto ekufuneka uqhubeke uyenza ubomi bakho bonke. Ukuba awukhumbuli ukuba wagqibela nini ukufumana ugonyo lwakho, yingcinga elungileyo ukubuza ugqirha wosapho lwakho.

Olu gonyo lubaluleke kakhulu nakoomama abakhulelweyo!

Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba wonke umfazi okhulelweyo uyacetyiswa ukuba afumane i-'Tdap' vaccine ngexesha lesiqingatha sesibini sokukhulelwa, ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngakunye. Kubalulekile ukufumana le vaccine ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngakunye, nokuba ukhe wayigonyelwa ngaphambili okanye nini okokugqibela. Oku kuya kukhusela umama kunye nosana olusandul' ukuzalwa kwi-tetanus. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhusela umntwana kwimeko ye-'(Neonatal Tetanus)' esithethe ngayo ngaphambili.

Ukuthintela iTetanus emva kokuchaphazeleka

Ukuba wenzakele ngequbuliso, ingakumbi ukuba linxeba elinzulu okanye inxeba elingcolileyo elingcoliswe bukungcola, uthuli, okanye indle, kukho umngcipheko wokuba ne-tetanus. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha uze ubuze ukuba ngaba udinga ukuthatha unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-"post-exposure tetanus prophylaxis".

Ukugonywa okunikelwayo ngeli xesha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Kudala kangakanani ukusukela oko wagqibela ukujova i-measles booster?
• Zingaphi iigonyo zemasisi ozifumeneyo ebomini bakho?
• Uhlobo lwenxeba (izinto ezinje ngokuba linzulu kangakanani, nokuba lingcolile kangakanani).

Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumana inxeba, kububulumko ukulicoca kakuhle uze ufumane icebiso kugqirha.

Izinto zokuqala ekufuneka zenziwe xa wenzakele

Nasiphi na inxeba lolusu, ingakumbi inxeba elinzulu okanye elinokuthi lingcoliswe bubumdaka, amathe, okanye ilindle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulicoca kakuhle, ukulifaka amayeza, nokuligquma ngoko nangoko .

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, hlamba inxeba kakuhle ngesepha namanzi. Ukuba kukho ukungcola okanye inkunkuma ngaphakathi kwenxeba, yisuse. Emva koko, yicoce ngesisombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane uze uyigqume ngeqhekeza elicocekileyo le-gauze okanye iplasta. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inxeba linzulu, likhulu, okanye lingcolile kakhulu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukongeza kolu ncedo lokuqala lwasekhaya.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba wena okanye abantwana bakho nifumene ugonyo oluchanekileyo lwemasisi, okanye ukuba uyazi ukuba abakafumani uthotho olupheleleyo lwezigonyo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho kwaye uthethe ngako.

• Ukuba sele kudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ukususela oko nabani na kusapho lwakho wafumana ugonyo lwe-measles booster, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane uhlaziyo lwegonyo zakho.
• Ukuba ufumana inxeba elinzulu okanye isilonda, coca inxeba ngoko nangoko uze ufowunele ugqirha ukuze akubuze malunga nokuthintela i-tetanus emva kokuchaphazeleka.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho okanye omnye umntu uneempawu zokuvaleka komhlathi, okanye ukuxhuzula okanye ukuqina kwemisipha , ingakumbi emva kokwenzakala, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Oku kungaba yingxamiseko.

Khumbula, nangona imasisi isisifo esibi kakhulu, sinokuzikhusela kuso ngokugonywa nangokufumana unyango olukhawulezileyo xa senzakele.

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule ngokufutshane

Kulungile, makhe sijonge ezinye zezinto eziphambili ekufuneka sizikhumbule kwinto esithethe ngayo:

• I-Tetanus sisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esithintelekayo kwi-vaccine.
• Oku kubangelwa yityhefu eveliswa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiClostridium tetani, ehlala emhlabeni.
• Ingasasazeka ngamanxeba angcolileyo, ingakumbi amanxeba anzulu, nezinto ezifana nezikhonkwane ezirhabaxa.
• Ukugoba komhlathi, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha, kunye nobunzima bokuginya zezona mpawu ziphambili.
• Unyango lunikezelwa esibhedlele, kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU).
• Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela oku kukufumana i-pertussis vaccines (DTaP, Tdap, Td) ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungalibali ukufumana i-booster shot rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10.
• Kunyanzelekile ukuba oomama abakhulelweyo bafumane i-'Tdap' vaccine ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngakunye.
• Ukuba ufumana inxeba, licoce kakuhle kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, fumana unyango lwe-tetanus emva kokuchaphazeleka njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
• Ukuba kuvela iimpawu, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokuzazi ezi zinto nokugonywa ngokufanelekileyo, ungazikhusela wena nosapho lwakho kwisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-measles. Akukho nto yokoyika, ukuqonda yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela!

` ITetanus, iLockjaw, iClostridium tetani, uGonyo, iDTaP, iTdap, inxeba, uTetanus