Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive uloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umama okanye utata wakho omthandayo, onesifo sikaParkinson. Nangona kungekho nyango lwesi sifo, kukho amayeza amaninzi asebenzayo anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokugcina umgangatho wobomi obuhle. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba zeziphi ezi ziyobisi, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, kunye noko kufuneka sikuqaphele.
Kutheni isifo sikaParkinson sisenzeka? Kwenzeka ntoni ngamayeza?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sikaParkinson sisifo semithambo-luvo esiqhubekayo esichaphazela iintshukumo zomzimba. Sibangelwa kukulahlekelwa kancinci kancinci kweeseli zemithambo-luvo engqondweni, ingakumbi kwinxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-substantia nigra elawula intshukumo. Ezi seli zemithambo-luvo zivelisa i-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine .
Cinga ngako, ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine ibalulekile ukuze imizimba yethu ihambe kakuhle, njengokuqhuba endleleni ngaphandle kwengxinano yezithuthi. Kwisifo sikaParkinson, ukuveliswa kwale dopamine kuyehla, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezifana nokuhamba kancinci, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokuqina komzimba.
Ngoko ke injongo ephambili yamayeza amaninzi esifo sikaParkinson kukulawula ngandlela ithile amanqanaba aphantsi e-dopamine engqondweni.
Amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu
Oogqirha badla ngokunika izigulane ezineParkinson amayeza ahlukeneyo, hayi elinye kuphela. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili zamayeza.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Ingaba isebenza kanjani | Ulwazi olubalulekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| ILevodopa kunye neCarbidopa | I-Levodopa liyeza eliya engqondweni lize liguquke libe yi-dopamine. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba liyatshatyalaliswa emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba lifike engqondweni, lidityaniswa neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-carbidopa ukuze liyeke. | Eli lelona yeza liphambili nelisebenzayo kwisifo sikaParkinson. Lisebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukucotha kokuhamba (bradykinesia), ukuqina, kunye nokungcangcazela. |
| Iingcali zeDopamine Agonists | Ezi zivuselela ii-dopamine receptors engqondweni kwaye "zisebenza" njenge-dopamine. Oko kukuthi, la mayeza enza into efanayo ne-dopamine. | Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo okanye kwizigulane ezincinci, ikwanceda ukugcina ukusebenza kwe-levodopa ixesha elide. |
| Ii-Enzyme Inhibitors (MAO-B kunye neCOMT) | La mayeza anciphisa umsebenzi wee-enzymes eziqhekeza i-dopamine engqondweni, nto leyo evumela i-dopamine ukuba ihlale engqondweni ixesha elide. | Ezi zinikwa ukunceda ukwandisa isiphumo se-levodopa nokuyenza ihlale ixesha elide. |
| I-Amantadine | Inceda ekulawuleni i-dyskinesia, eyintshukumo engalawulekiyo kunye nokuxhuzula okunokubangelwa ngamayeza anjenge-levodopa. | Nangona yafunyanwa okokuqala njengeyeza lokulwa neentsholongwane, ikwaluncedo nakwezinye iingxaki zokunyakaza ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson. |
| Amayeza e-anticholinergic | Xa i-dopamine incipha, iziphumo zenye ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-acetylcholine ziyanda. La mayeza athintela iziphumo zayo, anciphise ukungcangcazela kunye nokuqina kwemisipha. | Inokuba luncedo kwizigulana ezineengcinga ezingcangcazelayo kakhulu. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi kula mayeza omawuwanike kwaye angakanani na. Oku kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yesigulana, uhlobo lweempawu, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.
Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele nemiphumo emibi yamayeza?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, amayeza kaParkinson anokuba nemiphumo emibi. Le miphumo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweyeza. Ungakhathazeki, ayinguye wonke umntu oza kufumana zonke ezi miphumo emibi. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
- I-Levodopa: Ukucaphuka, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, ukozela emini, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi emzimbeni kunokwenzeka kwasekuqaleni konyango. Kubantu abadala, ukudideka, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokwenzeka.
- IiDopamine Agonists: Ezi zinokubangela isicaphucaphu, ukozela, umlomo owomileyo, ukudideka, kunye nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo xa uqala ukuzisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana norhudo, iintlungu zesifuba, ukungalali, ukudumba kwemilenze, ukuqhina, okanye umlomo owomileyo.
Isilumkiso esibaluleke kakhulu: Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha i-levodopa okanye wehlise umthamo ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi kakhulu, esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yiParkinsonism Hyperpyrexia Syndrome. Yimeko enzima efana neNeuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. Ukuba ufuna ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza nangasiphi na isizathu, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.
Ngaba kukho amayeza ezinye iimpawu ezingahambelaniyo nokunyakaza?
Ewe. Isifo sikaParkinson asisosifo nje esichaphazela intshukumo. Kodwa kukho nezinye iingxaki ezininzi ezihambisana naso. Ugqirha angazinyanga nezo.
| Uphawu | Unyango olunokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhinwa | Amayeza anceda ekunciphiseni isitulo, anjenge-polyethylene glycol (afana neMiraLax). |
| Ukulala Emini | Amayeza anjengeModafinil (afana neProvigil). |
| Uxinzelelo okanye ixhala | Amayeza okudakumba ohlobo lwe-SSRI. |
| Ingqondo/Imibono Engekhoyo | Amayeza athile okulwa nesifo sengqondo afana ne-pimavanserin. |
| Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile | Amayeza eSildenafil (njengeViagra). |
Yintoni enye enokwenziwa ngaphandle kwamayeza?
Amayeza yinxalenye enye nje yale mfazwe. Ukongeza, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulana.
Ukuzilolonga kunye nonyango lomzimba kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni isifo sikaParkinson. Enyanisweni, ukuzilolonga yeyona nto ibonakalisiweyo ukuba iyayicothisa inkqubela yesi sifo.
- Unyango lomzimba: Iinkqubo zonyango lomzimba ezenzelwe ngokukodwa izigulana zikaParkinson zinokuphucula ulungelelwano, ukuhamba, kunye nokuzinza.
- Ukuzilolonga: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza umthambo wentliziyo ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki. Imisebenzi efana nokukhwela ibhayisekile kunye nebhokisi ifunyenwe iluncedo kakhulu.
- Impilo Yengqondo: Ukuphila nesifo esinganyangekiyo esifana nesikaParkinson kunokuba nzima ngengqondo. Ngoko ke ukuba uziva ulusizi okanye uxhalabile, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nengcali yezempilo yengqondo, efana nengcali yezengqondo.
Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone ugqirha kwakhona?
Xa usebenzisa amayeza kaParkinson, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ujonge ukuba amayeza ayasebenza na kwaye ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu ezintsha. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinje.
- Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ongenakukwazi ukuzinyamezela.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki okanye ziya zisiba mandundu.
- Ukuba uziva ufuna ukuyeka amayeza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nangona isifo sikaParkinson singenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ungaphila ubomi obumnandi.
- I-Levodopa yeyona mithi iphambili nesebenzayo kwesi sifo.
- Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza okanye ukutshintsha umthamo nangasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuzilolonga kunye nonyango lomzimba kubaluleke njengamayeza. Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ukulawula ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
- Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ezinye iingxaki, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Uhlala ekulungele ukukunceda.
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