Siyazi ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuphila nomhlaza. Kodwa ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, iindlela zonyango lomhlaza ziphucuke kakhulu namhlanje. Endaweni yechemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation njengangaphambili, ngoku kukho unyango oluthile olujolise kwaye luhlasele iiseli zomhlaza kuphela. Izithinteli zePARP luhlobo lweyeza elizise ithemba elitsha kwihlabathi lonyango lomhlaza. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi PARP Inhibitors?
Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sicinge ngeeseli emzimbeni wethu. Yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu inento ebizwa ngokuba yi-DNA. Le DNA ifana 'nesicwangciso esiphambili' esiqulathe yonke imiyalelo efunekayo ukuze iseli isebenze. Ngamanye amaxesha le DNA inokonakala. Xa yonakele, umzimba wethu unendlela ekhethekileyo yokuyilungisa.
Omnye wabadlali abaphambili kule nkqubo yokulungisa yiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yiPARP. I-PARP imele iPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Nangona eli gama livakala linzima, umsebenzi walo ulula: Ukuba kukho ukuqhekeka okanye ukuqhekeka kwi-DNA, iproteni yePARP iyangena ize iyilungise. Oku kubalulekile kwiiseli ezisempilweni.
Kodwa nantsi ingxaki. Iiseli zomhlaza nazo zisebenzisa le protein yePARP ukuze zizuze. Xa iiseli zomhlaza zahlukana ngokukhawuleza, iDNA yazo yonakala. Emva koko iseli yomhlaza isebenzisa le 'bass' yePARP ukulungisa iDNA yayo, ikhule ngakumbi, kwaye iqale ukusasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
Izithinteli zePARP zisebenza ngokuthintela i-PARP 'bass' ukuba ingasebenzi. Ngokuchanekileyo, zithintela iproteni yePARP ekulungiseni iDNA. Oku kuthintela iseli yomhlaza ekulungiseni iDNA yayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni iseli iyafa.
Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-target therapies , kuba la mayeza ajolise kwaye ahlasele ubuthathaka beeseli zomhlaza endaweni yeeseli eziqhelekileyo ezisempilweni.
Zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezi ziyobisi zisetyenziselwa zona?
Amayeza okuthintela i-PARP adla ngokusetyenziswa kumhlaza ophucukileyo okanye osasazekayo. Nangona kunjalo, awanikwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza. Asebenza kakhulu kumhlaza onxulunyaniswa notshintsho oluthile lwemfuza.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-BRCA gene kunye ne-PARP inhibitors
Kukho ii-genes ezikhuselayo emzimbeni wethu ezithintela ukwakheka kwee-tumor ezinomhlaza. Enye yezona ziphambili yi -gene ye-BRCA . Omnye wemisebenzi yale gene ye-BRCA kukulungisa umonakalo kwi-DNA. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho iinkqubo ezimbini eziphambili zokulungisa i-DNA kwiiseli zethu: enye yi-PARP, kwaye enye yi-BRCA.
Khawucinge nje, umntu uzalwa enenguqu kwi-gene ye-BRCA.Oko kuthetha ukuba enye yeenkqubo zakhe zokulungisa i-DNA sele ibuthathaka. Emva koko iseli yakhe yomhlaza ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuloo nkqubo ye-PARP ukulungisa i-DNA.
Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni xa sinika umntu onjalo i-PARP inhibitor? Ukongeza kwinkqubo ye-BRCA esele iphukile, sikwamisa inkqubo ye-PARP eyayisebenza kakuhle. Emva koko iseli yomhlaza ayinandlela yokulungisa i-DNA yayo. Ngenxa yale 'ingxaki ephindwe kabini', iseli yomhlaza itshatyalaliswa lula kakhulu.
Ke ngoko, ii-PARP inhibitors ziyindlela ephumelelayo yonyango lomhlaza olune-BRCA gene mutations.
| Iintlobo eziphambili zomhlaza ezinyangwa ngezithinteli zePARP |
|---|
| Umhlaza webele |
| Umhlaza wesibeleko |
| Umhlaza wetyhubhu yesibeleko |
| Umhlaza weprostate |
| Umhlaza wePancreatic |
| Umhlaza oyintloko we-peritoneal |
Olu nyango lunikwa njani kwaye luhlala ixesha elingakanani?
Enye inzuzo yolu nyango kukuba akufuneki lunikwe njengenaliti. Zonke ezi zithinteli zePARP ziza ngendlela yeepilisi okanye iikhaphu. Zihlala zimiselwe ukuba zithathwe kanye okanye kabini ngemini.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza onalo, eli yeza linokunikwa njengonyango lodwa. Okanye, linokunikwa kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango, ezifana ne-chemotherapy. Umzekelo, emva kokuba umntu enikwe i-chemotherapy kunye neeseli zomhlaza ezonakeleyo, eli yeza lokuthintela i-PARP liyaqaliswa. Emva koko, liphelisa ngokupheleleyo ithuba lokuba ezo seli zomhlaza ezonakeleyo zikwazi ukuzilungisa.
Ubude bonyango buyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kwabanye, eli yeza linikwa ixesha elithile, njengeminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu emva kokuba i-chemotherapy iphelile. Kwabanye, liqhubeka ixesha elide njengoko iyeza lisebenza, oko kuthetha ukuba umhlaza ulawulwa. Isigqibo esilungileyo malunga noku kukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ulinganise iingenelo zonyango malunga nemiphumo emibi enokubakho.
Iingenelo kunye nemiphumo enokubakho yolu nyango
Izithinteli zePARP zisenokunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nzuzo yazo inkulu kukuba zonyusa "ukusinda ngaphandle kokuqhubeka." Ngamafutshane, la mayeza anceda ukulawula umhlaza aze awugcine uphantsi kolawulo ixesha elide. Oku kuthetha ukuba isigulana sinexesha elingakumbi lokuphila ubomi obusempilweni ngaphandle kokuba isifo sibe sibi kakhulu .
Njengalo naluphi na unyango lomhlaza, ezi zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo.
| Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezingezizo ze-PARP inhibitors | |
|---|---|
| Ukungonwabi ngokwasemzimbeni |
|
| Utshintsho kwiimvavanyo zegazi | |
| Iingozi ezingaqhelekanga kodwa ezinzulu | |
Ufanele ufowunele ugqirha nini ngoko nangoko?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho kulo lonke ixesha lonyango. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba naziphi na iimpawu zakho ezikhoyo ziya zisiba mandundu, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Usenokukwazi ukulungisa umthamo wakho okanye akunike amanye amayeza ukunceda kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokucaphuka.
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngaphandle kokulibazisa :
- Iimpawu zosulelo: umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kunye nokungcangcazela.
- Iimpawu zosulelo lwemiphunga (i-Pneumonitis): Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuziva uxinene esifubeni, okanye ukuphefumla kancinci.
- Iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwegazi: ukudumba ngequbuliso, ukuba bomvu, kunye nentlungu emlenzeni, okanye intlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zinzima, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izithinteli zePARP luhlobo 'lonyango olujoliswe kulo' oluthintela iiseli zomhlaza ekulungiseni iDNA yazo kwaye zitshabalalise.
- Ezi zisebenza ngakumbi kwiimeko ezifana nomhlaza wamabele, wesibeleko, kunye nomhlaza weprostate one-BRCA gene mutations.
- Olu nyango lunikwa njengeepilisi okanye iikhaphu kwaye lunceda ukulawula ukukhula komhlaza kwaye lwandise ixesha onokuhlala usempilweni.
- Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho kulo lonke ixesha lonyango.
- Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba unyango lwe-PARP inhibitor lufanelekile na kuwe, ethathela ingqalelo imeko yakho yezempilo, iziphumo zovavanyo lwemfuza, kunye nempilo iyonke.
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