Yintoni iPontine Stroke? Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge "stroke," imeko ebangela ukukhubazeka, akunjalo? Sonke siyazi ukuba yinto enzulu kakhulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lwestroke oluyingozi ngokulinganayo, kodwa mhlawumbi olungathethwa kangako, ekufuneka uzazi. Olu lubizwa ngokuba yiPontine Stroke . Le yinto echaphazela ingqondo. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye iPontine Stroke?

Ngamafutshane, iPontine Stroke kukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu yengqondo yethu ebizwa ngokuba yi "Pons" . Khawucinge nje ngayo, kukho imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya kuyo yonke indawo yomzimba wethu, kwaye kunjalo nengqondo. Ngoko ke, ukuba umthambo othwala igazi ukuya kwi-pons uvalekile, iiseli apho azifumani ioksijini kunye nezondlo. Kulapho ke le meko isenzeka khona. Olu luhlobo lwe -ischemic stroke , oluyi-stroke apho umthambo wegazi uvalekile yinto efana ne-blood clot. Olu valo lunokwenzeka ngequbuliso, okanye lunokukhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngoku usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba yintoni le "Pons". Yeyona nxalenye inkulu ye -brainstem yethu. I-brainstem ifana negumbi lokulawula lomzimba wethu. I-Pons ikwanayo nemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Pons inceda ekulawuleni ukuphefumla, ukusebenza kwemisipha yobuso, intshukumo yamehlo, kunye nokulinganisela.

Isifo sePontine sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu kwezonyango, ngoko ke unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile.

Oku kubizwa ngokuba yinto eyahlukileyo, mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngayo:

• Isifo sohlangothi okanye isifo sokufa yintliziyo (brainstem stroke)
• Isifo sohlangothi okanye isifo sokufa

Ixhaphake kangakanani iPontine Stroke?

Istroke sisifo esiqhelekileyo, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zestroke, iPontine Stroke ayixhaphakanga kangako.

I-Pontine strokes imalunga ne-7% yazo zonke ii-ischemic strokes ehlabathini. Umzekelo, eMelika kuphela, malunga nabantu abangama-48,000 bahlushwa yile meko minyaka le. Ngoko ke, elo linani elibalulekileyo, akunjalo?

Zithini iimpawu zePontine Stroke?

Le yinxalenye ebalulekileyo. Iimpawu zePontine Stroke zinokwahluka kancinci kwezinye iimpawu zestroke esiqhele ukuva ngazo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi oku.

I-Pontine Stroke ingabangela enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha kwelinye icala lomzimba (hemiparesis). Kuvakala ngathi ilungu lomzimba liyaphelelwa ngamandla.
• Ubuthathaka okanye ukugoba kwelinye okanye omabini amacala obuso (i-facial nerve palsy). Umlomo unokutsalwa kwelinye icala ngamanye amaxesha.
• Iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga kwelinye icala lobuso. Kusenokuvakala ngathi kukungaziva okanye ngathi ziimpukane zihambahamba.
• Iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga kwelinye icala lomzimba (ukulahlekelwa yi-hemisensory).
• Ubunzima bokuthetha, ukuthintitha (dysarthria). Amagama abonakala exabene.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia). Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya nokusela.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ubunzima bokuhamba (ataxia). Njengokungathi unesizungu.
• Ukudinwa, ukuziva ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke kuwe (vertigo).
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva.
• Ukukhala okanye ukuhleka okungalawulekiyo (impembelelo ye-pseudobulbar). Olu luphawu olungaqhelekanga, oluthetha ukuba ungalila ngaphandle kokuziva ulusizi okanye uhleke ngaphandle kokuziva wonwabile.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimilenze yonke emine (quadriplegia).
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.

Iimpawu ezinxulumene namehlo kunye nombono zingabandakanya:

• Ukubona kabini, ingakumbi xa ujonge ecaleni (ngenxa yesifo sesithandathu semithambo-luvo).
• Iintshukumo zamehlo ezikhawulezayo nezingalawulekiyo (nystagmus).
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa amehlo omabini kwicala elinye ngaxeshanye (conjugate gaze palsy).
• Iingxaki zokuqhwanyaza.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa, njengoko iPontine Stroke sisifo esisongela ubomi esinokubangela umonakalo ongenakuphikiswa.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zePontine Stroke?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zePontine Stroke, kuxhomekeke kwindawo apho igazi lihamba khona kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zepons. Iimpawu zinokwahluka kancinci kuxhomekeke kuhlobo ngalunye, kodwa uninzi lweempawu ziqhelekile. Oogqirha bazibiza ngamagama ngokusekwe kwindawo apho iipons zikhona.

Umzekelo:

• I-Medial pontine stroke: Oku kwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuyeka phakathi kwe-pons. Iimpawu zihlala ziquka ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba, ubuthathaka bemisipha yamehlo, kunye nokungakwazi ukuhambisa amehlo ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye (horizontal gaze palsy).
• I-lateral pontine stroke: Oku kwenzeka kwelinye icala le-pons. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukungaziva kakuhle kwelinye icala lomzimba (ukulahlekelwa yi-hemisensory) kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi (i-ataxia). Isenokuba kwicala elinye okanye kumacala omabini.
• Isifo somqala we-pontine: Oku kuchaphazela umqolo we-pons. I-Facial nerve palsy, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, kunye ne-vertigo ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo.

Yintoni ebangela iPontine Stroke?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, oku kwenzeka xa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwiipons kuvaliwe. Zimbini izizathu eziphambili zokuvaleka:

1. Isifo semithambo emincinci: Ukuba unexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile ixesha elide, imithambo yegazi emincinci ekwi-pons inokonakala. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuhamba kwegazi kunokuthintelwa, kwaye ekugqibeleni umthambo unokuvaleka ngokupheleleyo, okubangela isifo sohlangothi. Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.

2. I-Large artery atherosclerosis: I-Atherosclerosis kukuqokelelana kancinci kancinci kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, okubangela ukuba iqine. Xa olu hlobo lwe-plaque luqokelelana kwimithambo emikhulu ethwala igazi ukuya engqondweni (umz., i-vertebral artery , i-basilar artery ), inokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimithambo emincinci kwi-pons.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wePontine Stroke?

Izinto eziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko wePontine Stroke ziyafana nezo zezinye izifo ze-ischemic stroke. Ziingxaki zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile . Zombini ezi meko zingonakalisa imithambo yegazi yakho, kuquka nemithambo yegazi ekwi-pons.

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zezi:

• Ukutshaya.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu egazini.
• Ukuba nembali yangaphambili yesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni.
• Iimeko ezinokuxinana kakhulu.
• I-Vasculitis.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zinobungozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso sonyango osinikiweyo sisebenza kakuhle.

Ifunyanwa njani iPontine Stroke?

Ukuba uneempawu zestroke, kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) ngokukhawuleza. Apho, ugqirha uya kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze afumanise iPontine Stroke aze ajonge impilo yakho. Ezi zinokubandakanya:

• Ukujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho.
• Ukujonga indlela ophefumla ngayo (inkqubo yokuphefumla) .
• Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali yezonyango .
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological. Oku kunokuchonga iimpawu zestroke kunye nokuqikelela ukuba yeyiphi inxalenye yengqondo echaphazelekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso yobuchopho.Umzekelo, i -CT scan kunye/okanye i- MRI scan . Ezi mvavanyo zinokuqinisekisa ukuba istroke ikwi-pons.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukujonga ezinye iinkalo zempilo yakho, ezinje ngovavanyo lwegazi kunye ne- EKG (ECG) .

Inyangwa njani iPontine Stroke?

Injongo ephambili yonyango lwePontine Stroke kukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-pons. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela umonakalo osisigxina okanye ubuncinane ukunciphisa ubunzima bestroke. Kwakhona, ukuba uneempawu zestroke, kubalulekile ukuya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi, uhlobo oluthile lonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi -thrombolytics ludla ngokunikezelwa. Olu hlobo lonyango lusebenza ngokunyibilikisa ihlwili legazi. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho ukuvaleka komthambo omkhulu, utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-mechanical thrombectomy lunokwenziwa ukuze kususwe ihlwili legazi.

Ezinye iinjongo zonyango zezi:

• Ukuthintela iingxaki. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zonyango ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukuvuselelwa ukuze kunyangwe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
• Ukusebenzisa amaqhinga okuthintela esinye isifo sohlangothi , njengamayeza, utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, kunye nokwandisa umthambo.

Ukuvuselelwa kwePontine Stroke

Ukuvuselelwa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuchacha kubantu abaninzi abaye baba nestroke. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, oku kunokuthatha iindlela ezininzi:

• Unyango lokuthetha: Oku kukunceda ukuba uphinde ufumane izakhono zakho zolwimi nokuthetha, kwaye ulawule izihlunu ezikunceda uphefumle, utye, usele, kwaye uginye.
• Unyango lomzimba: Oku kunokukunceda uphucule okanye ubuyisele ekusebenziseni iingalo nemilenze yakho. Kungakunceda nakwizinto ezifana neengxaki zokulinganisela kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Oku kuqeqesha ingqondo yakho ukuba ikuncede wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokutya nezixhobo kunye nokunxiba.
• Ukufundiswa kwakhona kweemvakalelo: Oku kunceda ekuqeqesheni kwakhona okanye ekuvuseleleni iimvakalelo zakho. Umzekelo, uza kuqeqeshwa ukuba uqaphele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuchukumisa, ukungcangcazela, uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu.
• Unyango lwengqondo:Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba uneengxaki zokukhumbula. Kungakunceda nokuba unengxaki yokugxila kwimisebenzi obukade unokuyenza.

Yintoni elindelekileyo kubantu abaye baba nePontine Stroke?

Ithemba lokuchacha kumntu oye waba nePontine Stroke lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka:

• Yeyiphi inxalenye yeeponi echaphazelekileyo sistroke?
• Ubunzima bestroke.
• Indlela okhawuleze ngayo ukufumana unyango.
• Impilo yakho iyonke kunye nobudala bakho.

Umzekelo, i-strokes ezichaphazela icala elinye le-pons (i-unilateral) zihlala zineziphumo ezingcono zokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kune-strokes ezichaphazela amacala omabini (amacala amabini) kunye nalawo achaphazela umva we-pons (i-caudal).

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunika umbono olungileyo wokuba kuya kuba njani ukuchacha emva kwePontine Stroke. Fumana uncedo kubahlobo bakho kwaye ubabuze ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.

Zithini iziphumo zexesha elide zePontine Stroke?

I-Pontine Stroke inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ezihlala ixesha elide okanye ezingapheliyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-brainstem, equka i-pons, sisakhiwo esibalulekileyo sobuchopho esinemisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo. Umngcipheko wakho wokufumana iingxaki uxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo kunye nobunzima be-Pontine Stroke.

Iingxaki zingabandakanya:

• Ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo.
• Ukondla ngetyhubhu kunokufuneka ngenxa yobunzima bokutya.
• Ukulahlekelwa lulawulo lomchamo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo), okufuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-catheter yomchamo.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha ixesha elide, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuweni rhoqo.
• Uxinzelelo emva kwestroke.
• Iingxaki ezibangelwa kukuphumla ebhedini ixesha elide, umzekelo, izilonda zebhedi kunye ne -deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
• Ukukhubazeka kwexesha elide.
• Isifo sokuvalelwa ngaphakathi. Kule meko, awunakulawula nantoni na emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokunyakaza kwamehlo, kodwa uyaqonda.
• I-pneumonia yokuphefumla, ingakumbi kubantu abane -pseudobulbar palsy okanye i-locked-in syndrome, ibangelwa kukutya okanye isiselo esingena kwindlela yomoya.
• Ukufa.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba wena (okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe) ukhe waba nePontine Stroke, kunokuba luncedo ukubuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Luhlobo luni lwePontine Stroke endandinayo?
• Yeyiphi imisebenzi engqondweni nasemzimbeni echaphazelekileyo sistroke?
• Kuza kuba njani ukuchacha kwam? Ngawaphi amanyathelo alandelayo endiya kuwathatha ekunyamekelweni kwam?
• Zeziphi iindlela zokubuyisela imeko endizidingayo?
• Ndiza kukwazi ukwenza ntoni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo?
• Yintoni endinokuyilindela kunyaka?
• Zeziphi izakhono ekufuneka mna nabantu endibathandayo sizikhathalele?
• Zeziphi iinkonzo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo zokunceda mna kunye nabantu endibathandayo?
• Zithini izinto ezinokubangela ukuba ndibe nestroke kwakhona?

Ungayithintela njani iPontine Stroke?

I-Pontine stroke ayinakuthintelwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ungasebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukulawula izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-stroke. Amaqhinga okulawula angaquka:

• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, ujonge kwi-140/90 mmHg okanye ngaphantsi. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza kunye/okanye utshintsho kwimisebenzi kunye nokutya.
• Unyango lwe-cholesterol ephezulu (i-dyslipidemia), umzekelo, ukwanda komsebenzi womzimba, utshintsho kwindlela yokutya, kunye/okanye amayeza e-statin .
• Lawula isifo seswekile, ujonge ukugcina i-A1C kwi-7% okanye ngaphantsi.
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya, nto leyo enokunceda ngonyango lokuthetha kunye nonyango lokutshintshwa kwenicotine (NRT) .
• Ukwenza utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sokutya, umzekelo, ukulandela ukutya kwe-DASH okanye ukutya kweMeditera .
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo ubuncinane imizuzu engama-40 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine ngeveki.
• Ukugcina okanye ukufikelela kubunzima obusempilweni.
• Ukuba une -atrial fibrillation (i-Afib) (ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo), thatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) afana ne -aspirin okanye i-warfarin .

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

I-Pontine Stroke ingaguqula ubomi bakho ngephanyazo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimpawu zayo kwaye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uyahlangabezana nazo. Ubomi emva kwe-stroke bunokuba nzima ngokwenene kwaye bunokutshintsha ngeendlela ongenakucinga ngazo. Ungalibali ukufuna inkxaso kwiqela lakho lezonyango kunye nabantu obathandayo ngexesha lohambo lwakho lokuchacha. Khumbula, isenzo sokuqala kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

"Istroke sikaPontine, istroke yobuchopho, iimpawu zestroke, unyango lwestroke, i-pons, isiqu sobuchopho, izifo zemithambo-luvo, ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo