I-Hemorrhagic Stroke: Masithethe ngale meko iyingozi!

Khawucinge ngento enokwenzeka ukuba umthambo omncinci wegazi ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho, oko kukuthi, engqondweni yakho, uqhuma ngequbuliso? Kuyoyikisa ngokwenene ukucinga ngako, akunjalo? Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi -'hemorrhagic stroke ', imeko yokukhubazeka okubangelwa kukuqhuma komthambo wegazi ngaphakathi engqondweni kunye nokopha. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi. Igama elithi "hemorrhage" ligama elisetyenziswa ngoogqirha, ngokulula, ukubhekisa ekuphumeni kwegazi kwindawo ethile emzimbeni.

Xa igazi liqala ukungena engqondweni ngale ndlela, ingqondo ayifumani igazi okanye ioksijini eyaneleyo. Ngoko ke ingqondo ayikwazi ukusebenza. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo ngaphakathi entlokweni lunokonakalisa iiseli zengqondo kwaye lude luzibulale. Olu hlobo lwestroke (stroke ye-hemorrhagic) lubi kakhulu kuba iimpawu zibonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziba mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba awufumani unyango ngokukhawuleza, unokubangela umonakalo osisigxina engqondweni kwanokufa. Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu ohamba naye unestroke , fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuzisa isigulana esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqale unyango. Yonke imizuzwana ibalulekile apha.

Zithini iimpawu 'zesifo sohlangothi esopha igazi'?

Xa kuvela isifo sohlangothi esopha igazi, uphawu olunye okanye ezingaphezulu zinokuvela ngaxeshanye. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Intloko ebuhlungu ebangelwa ziindudumo: Intloko ebuhlungu engalindelekanga, enganyamezelekiyo, neqatha.
• Uloyiko lokubona ifoto: Amehlo aba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ekhanyiswe zizibane ezikhanyayo okanye ilanga.
• Isiyezi okanye i-vertigo.
• Ubunzima bokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye okanye ubunzima bokuthetha (i-Aphasia).
• Amagama ayadida kwaye intetho ayicaci (iDysarthria).
• Ubuthathaka obuvela kwicala elinye okanye ukukhubazeka.
• Izitho zeemvakalelo ezifana nokubona, ukuva, kunye nokuchukumisa ziyalahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wazo.
• Ukuqina kwentamo, ubunzima bokugoba.
• Ukugabha kunye nokucaphuka .
• Ukuqina kuyeza (Ukuxhuzula).
• Ukuquleka okanye ukutyhafa.
• I-Coma.

Zithini iimpawu ezilumkisayo 'zesifo sohlangothi esopha igazi'?

Olu hlobo lokukhubazeka lunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuze ufumane ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unale meko, KHAWULEZAKhumbula isifinyezo. Senziwa ngokudibanisa oonobumba bokuqala bamagama ambalwa esiNgesi.

• B - Ukulinganisela : Lumkela ukulahleka ngequbuliso kokulinganisela. Ngokungathi awukwazi ukuma uthe nkqo.
• E - Amehlo: Jonga ukuba kukho ukulahleka ngequbuliso kombono kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo, kwaye ukuba kukho utshintsho.
• F - Ubuso: Zama ukuncuma. Jonga ukuba icala elinye okanye omabini amacala obuso bakho abonakala egobile na.
• A - Iingalo: Zama ukuphakamisa zombini iingalo. Ukuba ukhubazekile , usenokungakwazi ukuphakamisa enye ingalo, uwe phantsi, uze ube buthathaka kakhulu.
• S - Intetho: Jonga ukuba intetho ayicacanga na okanye kunzima na ukufumana amagama achanekileyo.
• T - Ixesha: Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu - funa uncedo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, jonga iwotshi okanye ifowuni uze ubhale ixesha eziqale ngalo iimpawu zakho. Ukuxelela ugqirha ukuba iimpawu zakho ziqale nini kunokubanceda bagqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Khumbula, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu ze-BE FAST, isenokuba sistroke. Ngoko ke musa ukuchitha ixesha uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Masifunde nange-mini-stroke (i-Transient Ischemic Attack - TIA).

Ngamanye amaxesha kukho imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'mini-stroke', ethi oogqirha bayibize ngokuba yi -'transient ischemic attack' ( TIA ) . Oku kufana ne-stroke, kodwa iimpawu ziyanyamalala emva kwexesha elithile. Kodwa esi sisilumkiso esinzulu kakhulu ! Umntu oye waba ne-TIA usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne -stroke enkulu kungekudala. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba umntu oye waba ne-TIA afune unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Zithini izizathu zale 'stroke yokopha'?

Ngamafutshane, nantoni na eyonakalisa imithambo yegazi engqondweni yakho ize ibangele ukuba iqhume ingabangela oku. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) yeyona nto iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu ngakumbi ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu kakhulu, okanye ukuba belusoloko lungalawuleki ixesha elide.

Nazi ezinye izizathu:

• Ii-aneurysms zobuchopho yimithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni evuthuluka okanye ivuthuluka njengebhaluni. Ezi zinokuba buthathaka kwaye ziqhume ngequbuliso.
• Iithumba zobuchopho.
• Isifo sikaMoyamoya: Kule meko, imithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi ebuchotsheni iyavaleka, kwaye kwakheka imithambo yegazi emitsha emincinci, kodwa ibuthathaka kakhulu.
• I-angiopathy ye-cerebral amyloid: Kule nto, iproteni ifakwa kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi engqondweni, ize iyenze buthathaka.
• Ukulimala entloko.
• Kufunyaniswe ukuba usulelo lwe-COVID -19 ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba ngunobangela woku.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwe-ischemic stroke ebangelwa kukuphuma kwegazi ebuchotsheni, ukopha kunokuqala kuloo ndawo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-'hemorrhagic stroke'?

Ewe, zimbini iindlela igazi elinokungena ngazo engqondweni ngolu hlobo:

1. Ukopha kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi: Oku kwenzeka xa umthambo wegazi ngaphakathi kwengqondo uqhuma. Emva koko igazi liqokelelana ngaphakathi kwizicubu zengqondo lize lenze uxinzelelo. Cinga ngalo njengebhaluni yamanzi eqhuma ngaphakathi.

2. Ukopha kwegazi kwiSubarachnoid: Ingqondo yethu ijikelezwe yimembrane encinci ekhuselayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-arachnoid membrane. Isithuba esiphakathi kwale membrane nengqondo sibizwa ngokuba yi-subarachnoid space. Ukuba umthambo wegazi odlula kule nto uyaqhambuka, igazi liyaqokelelana kule ndawo. Oku kubeka uxinzelelo engqondweni ukusuka ngaphakathi kwekhakayi.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa ezi zinto?

Nabani na unokuba nesifo sohlangothi esopha igazi, kodwa aba bantu balandelayo basengozini enkulu:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abatshayayo (okanye abasebenzisa ezinye iintlobo zecuba).
• Abantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni.

Kwakhona, ukuba unenye yezi meko zempilo ezichaphazela inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nesifo sohlangothi uphezulu:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia).
• Intloko ebuhlungu ye-migraine, ingakumbi abo bane-aura.
• Isifo seswekile (isifo seswekile).

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Ugqirha uxilonga isifo sokopha ngokuvavanya imithambo-luvo aze enze iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• I-CT scan: Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokujonga ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho ukopha engqondweni.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana neengxaki zokujiya kwegazi kunye namanqanaba eswekile.
• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram - i-EKG): Ijonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
• I-MRI: Oku kunceda ukubona ubuchopho ngokweenkcukacha.

Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zonyango lwe-stroke esophayo?

Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango loku ngamayeza kunye notyando.

Amayeza 'okuthintela isifo sohlangothi'

Oogqirha basebenzisa amayeza ahlukeneyo ukunyanga le meko. Asebenza ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Ukukhawulezisa ukujiya kwegazi: Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukujiya kwegazi yinto embi (enyanisweni, ukujiya kwegazi kunokuba yingozi). Kodwa ukujiya kwegazi yindlela yendalo yomzimba wethu yokuyeka ukopha. Oogqirha banokukunika amayeza afana neVitamin K therapy okanye iProthrombin complex concentrate ukunceda umzimba wakho uyeke ukopha engqondweni.

2. Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi: Ukugcina uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lukwinqanaba elifanelekileyo kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukopha engqondweni. Kukwanceda ekuthinteleni ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi kwimithambo yegazi eyonakeleyo. Ugqirha wakho angakuqalisa amayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi nge-IV (efakwa kwimithambo yegazi).

Utyando lwe-'hemorrhagic stroke'

Igazi eliqokelelana ngenxa yestroke libeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwizicubu zobuchopho ezijikeleze umthambo wegazi owophayo. Ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwekhakayi (uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwentloko) luyanda kakhulu, unokufuna utyando olungxamisekileyo. Ugqirha wotyando uya kususa igazi eliqokelelweyo aze anciphise uxinzelelo engqondweni.

Unyango lweStroke

Ukuvuselelwa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokunyanga isifo sohlangothi esophayo. Kukunceda ukuba ulungelelane notshintsho olusengqondweni nasemzimbeni wakho. Kusenokufuneka uphinde ufumane izakhono ezilahlekileyo okanye ufunde ukuphila nokukhubazeka okutsha. Kusenokufuneka olunye okanye indibaniselwano yonyango olulandelayo:

• Unyango lokuthetha: Buyisela okanye uphucule izakhono zakho zolwimi kunye nokuthetha. Oku kunceda ukulawula izihlunu ezikunceda ukuthetha, ukuphefumla, ukutya, kunye nokuginya.
• Unyango lomzimba: Yomeleza izihlunu, iphucule ulungelelwano, kwaye ibuyisele ukusebenza kweengalo nemilenze.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Lukunceda ukuba wenze imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngokukhuselekileyo, ingakumbi imisebenzi efuna iintshukumo ezincinci.
• Unyango lwengqondo: Lunceda ukuphucula inkumbulo, ingqalelo, kunye nezinye izakhono zengqondo.

Ngaba isifo sohlangothi esibangela ukopha singathintelwa?

Ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi lusempilweni yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuthintela isifo sohlangothi esibangela ukopha. Ukuba unesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ugqirha wakho anokukunceda usilawule. Banokukunika iingcebiso ngamayeza kunye notshintsho ekufuneka ulwenze kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Ezinye izinto zezi:

• Gcina ezinye izifo onazo (ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye ne-cholesterol) zilawuleka.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo ngakumbi kwaye ugcine ubunzima obufanelekileyo obukufaneleyo.
• Zilolonge kakuhle.
• Yenza uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo ngonyaka (okanye njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele).
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko.

Lingakanani ixesha lokusinda emva kwesifo sohlangothi esopha igazi?

Kunzima ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ungaphila ixesha elingakanani emva kwestroke esophayo kunye nokuba ingakanani inqanaba lokuchacha, kuba umzimba womntu wonke kunye nemeko yakhe yempilo yahlukile.

Ukukhubazeka komzimba kunokuba yingozi kwaye kubangele ukukhubazeka okusisigxina, kodwa akukho shedyuli yokuchacha okanye umbono omnye ofanelekileyo.

Istroke esopha igazi sinokuba yingozi kakhulu kunestroke esibangelwa kukuphuma kwegazi engqondweni, esibangelwa kukuqhekeka kwegazi engqondweni. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nesiphumo esibi kunabanye.

Umzimba womntu wonke usabela ngokwahlukileyo kwistroke. Oko unokukulindela (ukuxela kwangaphambili) emva kwestroke kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Zeziphi iindawo zengqondo ezichaphazelekileyo?
• Indlela okhawuleze ngayo ukufumana unyango.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele. Baza kukunceda ubeke iinjongo zakho zokuchacha kunye nolindelo ngokusekelwe kwimpilo yakho kunye nemeko yakho.

Ndingazinyamekela njani emva kokuba ndine-stroke esopha igazi?

Ukuchacha kunye nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kwestroke akulula. Wakuba wena nogqirha wakho niyile isicwangciso sonyango, silandele ngokusondeleyo kangangoko. Ngokubanzi:

• Sela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo: Ukusela amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele kuya kunceda umzimba wakho uphile. Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Yiya rhoqo kwi-rehab yakho nakwezinye iindibano zonyango: Xelela abagqirha bakho ukuba kukho into ekwenza uzive ungakhululekanga okanye ungakhuselekanga. Unyango lunzima, kodwa akufuneki uhlale uneentlungu okanye ungakhululekanga.
• Cinga ngempilo yakho yengqondo: Ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba zizinto eziqhelekileyo emva kwestroke. Ukuziva ulusizi okanye ukhathazekile akuthethi ukuba ubuthathaka okanye uyasilela. Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba. Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokuthetha ngezinto ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye nomcebisi wempilo yengqondo .

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uziva ngathi uphinde wafumana esinye isifo sohlangothi, fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yongxamiseko) ngoko nangoko. Esinye isifo sohlangothi sinokubulala okanye sibangele iingxaki ezinkulu. Musa ukulibazisa ukufuna uncedo.

Umntu oye waba nestroke usemngciphekweni wokufumana ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu, ezifana nezi:

• Ukuxhuzula kwemithambo yegazi.
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo.
• Ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze (i-Deep vein thrombosis - DVT).

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zayo nayiphi na kwezi ngxaki, fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwigumbi longxamiseko.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Ndingawasela njani amayeza am?
• Ndiza kuyidinga ixesha elingakanani unyango?
• Zeziphi iinguqu ekufuneka ndizenze kubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?
• Zeziphi iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka ndizijonge ezibonisa ukuba kuza esinye isifo sohlangothi?
• Ndingabuya nini ndize kukubona kwakhona?

Istroke esophayo sinokuba nefuthe elikhulu ebomini bakho. Nantoni na enokuthi ichaphazele ingqondo yakho ngokusisigxina iyoyikisa. Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zestroke, fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza. Okukhona ugqirha enokuyixilonga ngokukhawuleza aze ayinyange le meko, kokukhona kungcono.

Wakuba ukwimeko ekhuselekileyo nezinzileyo, ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo kuyaqala. Ngumsebenzi onzima, kodwa kufanelekile. Musa ukuyityeshela indlela ovakalelwa ngayo, kwaye wabelane ngokukhathazeka kwakho noogqirha bakho kunye neengcali zonyango. Ukuphila kwakho kusenokuza ngamanyathelo amancinci, kodwa ungalibali ukubhiyozela impumelelo nganye oyifumeneyo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Istroke esophayo sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu, esingxamisekileyo esibangelwa kukuqhuma komthambo wegazi engqondweni. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi.

Khumbula isifinyezo esithi BE FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time) ukuze uqaphele iimpawu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu , yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango lubandakanya amayeza kunye notyando. Unyango lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo (ukuthetha, umzimba, umsebenzi, unyango lokuqonda) lubaluleke kakhulu ekuchacheni.

Ukuze uthintele oku, lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, landela indlela yokuphila esempilweni, kwaye uphephe ukutshaya.

Ungalibali, kwimeko efana nale, yonke imizuzwana ibalulekile. Ukuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza kunokusindisa ubomi kwaye kuthintele ukwenzakala okukhulu.

Ukukhubazeka , Ukopha Ebuchotsheni, Istroke Ebangelwa Kukopha, Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphezulu, Iimpawu Zestroke, Unyango Lwestroke, Ukuvuselelwa Kwesimo