Ngaba nawe uyayibona into engaqhelekanga kwindlela izinto ezibonakala ngayo? Mhlawumbi le yi-Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA)!

Ngaba wakha wazibona ezi zinto? Xa ufunda iphephandaba, iileta zibonakala zibhideka, okanye xa ubona umntu omaziyo kakuhle, ngequbuliso awukwazi ukumqonda. Okanye uhlala ungqubana neengcango, iitafile, nezitulo ekhaya? Ukuba ubona kakuhle, kodwa uziva into engaqhelekanga ngendlela izinto ezibonakala ngayo, kwaye ukuba uziva usoyika okanye uxhalabile ngaxeshanye, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele le meko sithetha ngayo namhlanje ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Posterior Cortical Atrophy)`.

Yintoni i-Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA)?

Ngamafutshane, `(Posterior Cortical Atrophy)` okanye `(PCA)` sisifo esiqhubekayo, nesingaqhelekanga, esinxulumene nengqondo yethu. Sibiza oku ngokuthi `(neurodegenerative disorder).` Okwenzekayo apha kukuba iiseli zengqondo, ` (neurons)` kwi-posterior cortex yengqondo yethu, oko kukuthi, `(posterior cerebral cortex)` ingakumbi kwinxalenye esinceda siqonde kwaye sihlalutye oko sikubonayo, zitshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci. Le nxalenye yengqondo iquka `(parietal lobes)` kunye `(occipital lobes)` zethu. Ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwezi seli, loo nxalenye yengqondo iyancipha kancinci kancinci. Sikwabiza oku `(atrophy) .`

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, oku akukokukhubazeka kwamehlo. Yingxaki kwinkqubo yoko amehlo akubonayo ukuya engqondweni, kwaye ingqondo ikuqonda ukuba 'yile nto ndiyibonileyo'. Kufana nokuthatha ifoto ngekhamera elungileyo, kodwa xa iprosesa yekhompyutha ebukela loo foto ingasebenzi kakuhle, ifoto ayibonakali ilungile.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Ezi mpawu zihlala ziqala phakathi kweminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala. Iingxaki zokubona kwangethuba zezona zixhaphakileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.

1. Ubunzima bokufunda:

Khawuzithelekelele ufunda iphephandaba okanye incwadi efana nale. Emva koko ngequbuliso ungaziva ngathi oonobumba bahamba omnye phezu komnye, imigca iyatsiba-tsiba . Abanye abantu baziva ngathi amagama noonobumba banamathelene kwaye baxabene. Abanye bathi, 'Owu gqirha, xa ndizama ukufunda, kuvakala ngathi oonobumba bayatyibilika ephepheni.' Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuqonda into oyifundayo, kwaye awukwazi ukuqhubeka ufunda.

2. Ukungakwazi ukubona umgama:

Le yingxaki efika engqondweni yabantu abaninzi. Umzekelo, basenokoyika ukunyuka okanye ukuhla ngezinyuko kuba abazi ukuba zikude kangakanani na izinyuko. Okanye, xa bema ecaleni kwendlela, abakwazi ukubona umgama phakathi kwamatayara kunye nendawo yokukhwela. Abanye abantu bayoyika ukunyuka i-escalator kuba abakwazi ukwazi ukuba banyathele nini kwaye phi.

3. Ubunzima bokuqonda imiyalelo:

Nokuba uxelelwa indlela elula efana nokuthi 'jika ngasekunene' okanye 'yiya ngasekhohlo', kunokuba nzima ukuyiqonda nokwenza ngayo. Ngequbuliso uziva ngathi awukhumbuli ukuba yeyiphi ekunene neyiphi ekhohlo .

4. Ukungakwazi ukubona ubuso, izinto kunye neendawo:

Oku kungabonakala kunzulu kancinci, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ekuqaleni. Nokuba ubona umntu omazi kakuhle, awukwazi ukuqonda kwangoko ukuba, 'Owu... ngubani lo?' Ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha ixesha ukuqaphela into eqhelekileyo, nokuba yinto osele unayo ekhaya. Ngamanye amaxesha, nendawo okuyo inokuvakala ingaqhelekanga ngequbuliso.

5. Ukubetheka kweengcango kunye nefenitshala:

Nangona ubona ngokucacileyo, ungazifumana usoloko ungqubana nezinto ezifana neminyango, iitafile, nezitulo eziphambi kwakho kuba ungakwazi ukuzazi kakuhle apho ziphi. Usenokuzibuza, 'Kutheni ndingqubana nayo yonke into?'

6. Ubunzima bokusebenza ngamanani:

Khawucinge ukuba inombolo yefowuni yomhlobo wakho osenyongweni uyikhumbule ngentloko. Kodwa xa uthatha ifowuni uze uzame ukuyicofa, awukwazi kuyifumana inombolo efowunini. Ungazibona iinombolo, kodwa ingqondo yakho ayiziqondi.

7. Ubunzima bokusebenzisa izixhobo kunye neeswitshi:

Nangona 'ungayibona' indawo apho iswitshi 'yokuvula/ukucima' isetyenziswa khona kwisixhobo sasekhaya esifana neblender okanye irayisi cooker, kunokuba nzima ukuzisebenzisa kuba ingqondo yakho ayikwazi ukuqonda ukuba iphi kanye kanye.

8. Ixhala elingenasizathu:

Kunye nezi zinto, abantu abane-PCA banokufumana imvakalelo yokuxhalaba nokuxhalaba ngendlela engachazekiyo besebancinci. Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba le meko ichaphazela uthungelwano lobuchopho oludibanisa iimvakalelo zethu, iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga zethu, nto leyo ebangela olu xhala. Enye ingcamango kukuba abantu baziva bexhalabile kuba bevakalelwa kukuba kukho into engalunganga kodwa abakwazi ukuyichaza ngamazwi. Nangona kunjalo, olu xhalaba lungaqhelekanga luphawu oluqwalaselwa ngoogqirha xa bexilonga i-PCA.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Ekubeni i-PCA sisifo esiqhubekekayo, iimpawu zokuqala zinokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye iimpawu ezintsha zinokuvela. Nazi ezinye zeengxaki eziphambili ezinokubakho:

• Ubumfama obusebenzayo: Nangona amehlo elungile, ingqondo ayikwazi ukutolika into ebonwayo, nto leyo eyenza kube ngathi umntu uyimfama.
• Uxinzelelo kunye nexhala: Uxinzelelo lwengqondo lunokwenzeka xa ugula, kwaye iimeko ezifana noxinzelelo kunye nexhala zinokukhula.
• Umngcipheko okhulayo wokuwa: Le meko inokuchaphazela nokulinganisela komzimba, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuwa rhoqo.
• Ukwanda kweengozi ekhaya: Umzekelo, iingozi ezinjengokufikelela kwiphaneli yokulawula yesitovu uze utshise isandla sakho ngokuchukumisa indawo eshushu yesitovu zinokwenzeka kuba ingqondo ayiqondi ukuba iphi kanye kanye into oyibonayo.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

Eyona nto ibangela i-PCA kukubakho kwezinye izifo ezibangela ukuwohloka kwemithambo-luvo ezichaphazela ingqondo. Abantu abane-PCA badla ngokuba nesifo se-Alzheimer okanye i-Lewy body dementia.Kukho esinye sezifo esibizwa ngokuba yi. Ezi zezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba ezinye iimeko zonyango zibangele i-PCA. Ezi ziquka:

• `(Isifo sikaCreutzfeldt-Jakob)`
• `(Ukonakala kwe-corticobasal)`

Ngaba i-PCA yinxalenye yesifo sika-Alzheimer?

Ewe, i-PCA inokuthathwa njengohlobo oluthile lwesifo sika-Alzheimer . Xa sicinga ngesifo sika-Alzheimer, sihlala sicinga ngeengxaki zenkumbulo kuqala. Nangona kunjalo, kumanqanaba okuqala esifo sika-Alzheimer, ezinye iindawo zengqondo ezinganxulumananga nenkumbulo nazo zinokuchaphazeleka. Oogqirha babiza ezi meko ngohlobo oluthile lwesifo sika-Alzheimer. I-Posterior Cortical Atrophy lolunye uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwesifo sika-Alzheimer.

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo?

Oogqirha benza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze baxilonge ngokuchanekileyo i-PCA, njengoko ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu, kwaye kufuneka zingabikho.

• Iskeni yobuchopho (i-MRI - i-magnetic resonance imaging): Oku kunokujonga ukuba akukho mpawu kwi-posterior cerebral cortex.
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo: Oku kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ezi ngxaki zokubona zibangelwa yenye imeko yamehlo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological: Olu lujonga indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo ye-nervous.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Neuropsychological: Olu vavanyo luvavanya imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yengqondo efana nenkumbulo, ingqalelo, ubuchule bolwimi, kunye nokuqonda okubonakalayo.
• `(I-PET scan - i-positron emission tomography scan)`: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwengqondo kunye nesifo sika-Alzheimer.
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar / i-spinal tap: Oku kuvavanya ulwelo olusebuchotsheni nakwi-spinal cord ukuze kubonwe iiproteni ezinxulumene nesifo se-Alzheimer.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Inyaniso kukuba, akukho nyango lwe-PCA okwangoku. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukho izinto onokuzenza ukulawula iimpawu, ukunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, nokwenza ubomi bakho bube lula.

Oogqirha baqala ngokufumanisa unobangela wesifo, njengesifo sika-Alzheimer okanye i-Lewy body dementia. Emva koko banyanga esi sifo. Kukho amayeza avunyiweyo yi-US Food and Drug Administration ukunceda ekunciphiseni ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Ikwabhekisa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkonzo ezinceda abantu baphile neempawu.

• Amayeza:
• `(Donepezil)` (Donepezil)
• `(Rivastigmine)` (Rivastigmine)
• `(Galantamine)` (Galantamine)
• `(Lecanemab)` (Lecanemab)

La ngamayeza adla ngokunikezelwa kwisifo sika-Alzheimer.

Ukuba uneemeko ezifana nokuxhalaba okanye ukudakumba, unganikwa amayeza (amayeza okulwa nokuxhalaba, amayeza okudakumba) kwezo meko.

• Ezinye iindlela zonyango kunye neenkonzo:
• Ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo: Ungafunda imithambo kunye neendlela ezinceda ukuphucula izinto ezifana nenkumbulo kunye nengqalelo.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Oku kukunceda ufunde amaqhinga okumelana neengxaki kwaye uhlengahlengise imeko-bume yakho ukuze ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla wedwa.
• Unyango lomzimba: Olu nyango lubonelela ngemithambo enceda kwizinto ezifana nokulinganisela nokuhamba.
• Ingcebiso ngempilo yengqondo: Ingcebiso ibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni uxinzelelo kunye nexhala eliza nale meko.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba umntu omthandayo une-PCA?

I-PCA yimeko eba mandundu kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko ke, ungalindela ukuba iimpawu zomntu omthandayo ziqhubeke zisiba mandundu kancinci kancinci. Ekugqibeleni, zinokubonakala iimpawu ezifana kakhulu nezo zomntu onesifo i-Alzheimer's esiqhubele phambili. Nangona oku kulusizi ukwazi, kufuneka silungiselele ukujongana nako.

Ingakanani iminyaka yobomi bomntu one-PCA?

Ixesha lokuphila komntu one-PCA lidla ngokufana kakhulu nelomntu onesifo se-Alzheimer. Emva kokuba iimpawu zokuqala ze-Alzheimer ziqalile, uninzi lwabantu luphila malunga neminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-12 .

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku: Lo ngumgaqo nje oqhelekileyo. Unokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Imeko yakho inokwahluka. Kungoko ke, kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ndingamnyamekela njani umntu endimthandayo nge-PCA?

Ukuba umntu omthandayo une-PCA, ukumkhathalela luxanduva olukhulu, kwaye kufuna uthando oluninzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenze kuqala kukuzama ukuqonda indlela abona ngayo ihlabathi.

Khawuthelekelele, ungqubeka etafileni. Asikuko ukuba 'akayiboni' itafile. Kungenxa yokuba amehlo akhe athumela umyalezo engqondweni yakhe wokuba itafile ikhona, kodwa ingqondo ayiqondi kakuhle kwaye iphendula ngokuthi, 'Kukho itafile phaya, kufuneka uvule indlela.'

Ngamaxesha anje, esinye isisombululo kukugcina iindlela eziphakathi kwamagumbi zicacile. Ungasusa izinto ezingafunekiyo kwaye unciphise amathuba okuba zikhubeke. Le yingcebiso enye nje. Iqela lezonyango elinyamekela umntu omthandayo liza kukunika ezinye iingcebiso ezininzi zokumnceda ahlale ekhuselekile ekhaya nakwezinye iindawo, kwaye limncede enze imisebenzi yakhe ngokuzimela .

• Yiba nomonde: Kunokubathatha ixesha elide ukuqonda izinto nokwenza izinto.
• Thetha ngokucacileyo, ngokulula:Endaweni yokuthetha izinto ezininzi ngaxeshanye, thetha into enye ngokulula.
• Yenza indawo ekhuselekileyo: Nciphisa iindawo ezityibilikayo nezinamaqhubu. Gcina izibane zivuliwe ebusuku.
• Qonda iimvakalelo zabo: Oku kunzima nakubo. Qonda intlungu nomsindo wabo.
• Zikhathalele nawe: Xa unyamekela umntu omthandayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina impilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba isempilweni.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Iimpawu ze-PCA zidla ngokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba unale meko, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyilindele kwiinyanga nakwiminyaka ezayo.

Kwakhona, buza nangazo naziphi na iimpawu ezinokubonisa ukuba imeko yakho iya isiba mandundu, kunye nokuba kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho na ukuba ubona naziphi na. Ukuba ufumana uphawu olutsha okanye ukuba uphawu olukhoyo luba mandundu ngequbuliso, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ngenxa yokuba i-PCA yimeko engaqhelekanga, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi ngayo. Ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke into. Umzekelo:

• 'Gqirha, wazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ndine-`(Posterior Cortical Atrophy)`?'
• 'Yintoni ebangela olu tshintsho ekusebenzeni kwengqondo yam?'
• 'Ndingenza ntoni ngeempawu zam zangoku?'
• 'Ngaba kukho amayeza anokunciphisa ezi mpawu?'
• 'Le meko iza kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?'
• 'Zeziphi iinguqu endimele ndizilindele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo, kwiminyaka?'
• 'Yeyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuba ndicebe ikamva?'

Sithini isigidimi esifuna ukusithatha sibuyele ekhaya kweli bali?

I-Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA) yimeko enokuba nzima ukuyijongana nayo kwaye inokuba nefuthe elikhulu ebomini bakho. Ngenxa yotshintsho kwindlela ingqondo yakho ecubungula ngayo oko ukubonayo, kunokwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, efana nokufunda, ukusebenza ngamanani, kunye nokugweba umgama. Oku kunokubangela ixhala kunye noloyiko olukhulu. Ungavakalelwa kukuba awuyi kukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho wedwa.

Nangona kungekho nyango lwale meko, akufuneki ujongane nayo wedwa. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho, uhlengahlengise le ndlela intsha yokuphila, kwaye uphile ubomi obuzimeleyo kangangoko unako. Ukuba une-PCA, thetha neqela lakho lezonyango ngayo. Baya kukuvuyela ukukunceda kwaye bakunike izixhobo ozifunayo. Ngenkxaso kunye nenkuthazo oyifunayo, ungenza olu hambo.

Ukuwohloka kweCortical yangasemva , i-PCA, isifo sobuchopho, iingxaki zokubona, i-Alzheimer's, i-Dementia, isifo se-Neurological