Iyeza lokudumba kwesisu kunye ne-gastritis! Masifunde ngqo ngeeProton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)!

Ngaba nawe uhlala unesitshiso sentliziyo okanye iintlungu esifubeni? Okanye ngaba ugqirha uthe "i-gastritis"? Uhlobo lwamayeza oogqirha abalunika rhoqo kwiimeko ezinjalo lubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Proton Pump Inhibitors)`. Ukuba besinokuthi singathethi ngokungqalileyo, mhlawumbi besingayibiza ngokuba "liyeza le-gastritis." Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha nge-`(Proton Pump Inhibitors)` okanye ii-PPI ngamafutshane.

Kutheni sizidinga ezi PPI? Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-asidi yesisu?

Ngamafutshane, `(Ii-Proton Pump Inhibitors)` luhlobo lonyango olunciphisa ubungakanani be-asidi eveliswa esiswini sakho, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani be-asidi yesisu . Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, yintoni injongo ye-asidi yesisu? Ayilunganga." Oko akuyonyani. I-asidi yesisu ibaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Yile asidi esinceda ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa le asidi yesisu ikwanceda ekutshabalaliseni iintsholongwane eziyingozi esizitya ngokungazi kunye nokutya.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki ziqala xa ubungakanani be-asidi yesisu bunyuka kakhulu, okanye xa i-asidi isiya kwenye indawo engafanelekanga. Kufana nesaci esithi "Ukuba iyanda, ne-nectar iya kuba yityhefu." Kulapho ke izilonda zesisu ('izilonda'), okanye njengoko sizibiza njalo, "izilonda ze-gastritis" zinokuvela khona. Ezinye izinto ezifana ne-heartburn kunye nencasa emuncu emqaleni nazo zinokwenzeka. Kulapho ke la mayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-PPI asinceda khona. Asetyenziswa ngokukodwa kwiingxaki zexesha elide ezinxulumene ne-asidi yesisu.

Zeziphi izifo ezisetyenziselwa ezi PPI?

Oogqirha basebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza (Proton Pump Inhibitors) ukunyanga iimeko ezinje ngomonakalo kunye nokudumba kwiindawo zenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya, oko kukuthi amathumbu kunye nomqala, okubangelwa yi-asidi yesisu. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi:

• I-GERD okanye iSifo sokuGxeka kwe-Acid engapheliyo: Ngaba uhlala unesitshiso sentliziyo? Ngaba unencasa emuncu emqaleni wakho? Yiyo loo nto i-GERD iyiyo. Ngamafutshane, yi-asidi esesiswini sakho ephuma iye kwi-esophagus yakho. Oku kungonakalisa ulwelo lwe-esophagus yakho, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-erosive esophagitis. Ii-PPI zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu kwaye zinike i-esophagus yakho ixesha lokuphola.
• Izilonda zePeptic nezeDuodenal: Izilonda zesisu nezeDuodenal zizilonda ezinokubangelwa yi-asidi yesisu, enokuwonakalisa ulwelo olukhuselayo lwesisu. Zinokubangela izilonda kwinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci (ebizwa ngokuba yiDuodenum). IiPPI zinokunceda ukuphilisa ezi zilonda. Ukongeza, ezinye iintlungu zentlungu, ngakumbi iziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala ezingezizo iisteroid (iiNSAID), zinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nezilonda. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-30% abantu abasebenzisa iiNSAIDs bahlala befumana izilonda. IiPPI zinokunceda ukuthintela nokuphilisa izilonda.
• Usulelo lwe-H. pylori:Olu luhlobo lwebhaktiriya enokuphila esiswini sethu. Le bhaktiriya inokubangela izilonda zesisu. Xa kunyangwa usulelo lwe-H. pylori, oogqirha banika ii-PPI kunye nee-antibiotics. Oku kungenxa yokuba ii-PPI zitshintsha inqanaba le-pH yesisu, okwenza kube lula ukuba ii-antibiotics zibulale le bhaktiriya.
• Isifo sikaZollinger-Ellison: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga. Kule meko, iintlobo ezithile zeethumba ('iithumba') ziyakhula emzimbeni kwaye zibangele ukuba umzimba uvelise ihomoni eninzi ebangela i-asidi yesisu. Oku kubangela i-asidi yesisu eninzi kakhulu. Ii-PPI zikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga le meko.

Zisebenza njani ezi ziyobisi zibizwa ngokuba zii-PPI? Ziyamangalisa, akunjalo?

Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho "umatshini" omncinci esiswini sethu owenza i-asidi. Lo matshini siwubiza ngokuba yi-"hydrogen-potassium ATPase pump", okanye "i-proton pump" ngamafutshane. Njengokuba ipompo yamanzi itsala amanzi phezulu, le pompo yeproton yiyo eyenza inkqubo yeekhemikhali efunekayo ukwenza i-asidi yesisu.

Ngoko ke, into eyenziwa zezi `(Proton Pump Inhibitors)` okanye iiPPI kukuyekisa okwethutyana ukusebenza kweproton pump . Oko kukuthi, "ziyayithintela", oko kukuthi, ziyayiphazamisa. Emva koko ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu kuyehla.

Kodwa oku akukuthinteli ngokupheleleyo ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu, akunjalo? Usenayo i-asidi eyaneleyo yokugaya ukutya. Ukuba uthatha i-PPI malunga neentsuku ezintlanu zilandelelana, ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu kuya kuncitshiswa malunga nama-65%. Ama-35% aseleyo e-asidi anele ukugaya ukutya.

Zithini ezi PPI?

Ezinye zezi PPI zingathengwa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara (OTC) kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kodwa ezinye zezo zinamandla zifuna imvume kagqirha (i-Rx kuphela).

Ii-PPI ezinokuthi zithathwe ngomyalelo kagqirha okanye ngaphandle kwawo (i-OTC kunye ne-Rx):

• I-Esomeprazole (Nexium®)
• I-Lansoprazole (i-Prevacid®)
• I-Omeprazole (iPrilosec®)
• I-Omeprazole/sodium bicarbonate (Zegerid®)

Ii-PPI ezifumaneka kuphela ngomyalelo kagqirha (i-Rx kuphela):

• I-Dexlansoprazole (i-Dexilant®)
• I-Pantoprazole (iProtonix®)
• I-Rabeprazole (AcipHex®)

Ndingalithatha njani eli yeza? Ndifanele ndilithathe malini?

La mayeza afumaneka kwifomu yepilisi okanye yekhaphu. Uwasela ngomlomo. Ezinye iintlobo zeekhaphu ziqulethe umgubo onokuxutywa ekutyeni, njenge-applesauce, uze emva koko uthathwe. Olu luncedo olukhulu kubantu abanengxaki yokuginya iipilisi.

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise iyeza, kufuneka ufunde imiyalelo ekwiphakheji ngononophelo.Kulapho ke uya kufumana khona iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Kukho ii-PPI ekufuneka uzithathe isiqingatha seyure okanye iyure ngaphambi kokutya, ungenanto esiswini. Xa uzithatha ngelo xesha, iyeza liba nexesha lokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba isisu sakho siqale ukuvelisa i-asidi xa usitya.

Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukuxelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ufuna amayeza angakanani (`idosi`) kunye nokuba kufuneka uwathathe kangaphi ngemini. Uza kukunika idosi eza kulawula iimpawu zakho ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi kakhulu. Kwabanye abantu, ukuthatha ipilisi enye ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa kwanele. Kwabanye, ukuyithatha kabini ngemini, ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa nangaphambi kwesidlo sangokuhlwa, kunokwanela. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuyithatha yonke imihla kunokwanela.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunokufuneka unciphise umthamo wamayeza akho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso ngale nto.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ezi PPI zisebenze?

Emva kokuthatha amayeza e-PPI, kunokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwiintsuku ezine ukuze uve ukusebenza kwawo ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuba ngequbuliso unesitshiso sentliziyo okanye isifuba kwaye ufuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-antacid (efana neDigene, Acidex) okanye i-histamine blocker (H2 blocker) (efana nePepcid® okanye iTagamet®) kuneePPI. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ngequbuliso unesitshiso sentliziyo emva kokutya ukutya okuneziqholo. Emva koko, ukuthatha amayeza anjalo kuya kunceda kwimizuzu embalwa okanye iiyure ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, isiphumo sawo asihlali ixesha elide njengeePPI.

Ii-PPI zilungile ukuba unengxaki ye-asidi yesisu engapheliyo, ehlala ixesha elide.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga xa usebenzisa ezi PPI?

Uninzi lwabantu alunazo iingxaki ezinkulu xa besebenzisa ii-PPI. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na imithi, zinokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezi ziquka:

• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuqhinwa
• Urhudo
• Isiyezi
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ifiva
• Ukudumba/igesi
• Ubukrelekrele
• Ukurhawuzelela kunye nokurhawuzelela
• Ukuhlanza

Nangona ii-PPI ngokubanzi zithathwa njengezikhuselekileyo, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba zinokuba yingozi, ingakumbi xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide . Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na:

• Usulelo lweClostridioides difficile (C. diff): Ii-PPI zinokutshintsha ibhalansi phakathi kweebhaktheriya ezilungileyo nezimbi emathunjini akho, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana usulelo olufana neC. diff.
• Ukwaphuka kwamathambo: Ii-PPI zinokunciphisa amandla omzimba wakho okufunxa i-calcium, iminerali enceda ukugcina amathambo ethu eqinile. I-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ilumkisa ukuba ii-PPI zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo esinqeni, esihlahleni, okanye emgogodleni.
• Isifo sezintso:Ezi zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD), okanye zenze iimeko ezikhoyo zibe mandundu.
• Ukunqongophala kwesondlo: Ii-PPI zinokunciphisa amandla amathumbu akho amancinci okufunxa i-magnesium okanye i-vitamin B12. I-magnesium yiminerali enceda izihlunu zethu kunye nemithambo-luvo isebenze kakuhle. I-Vitamin B12 ibalulekile kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Unxibelelwano phakathi kwee-PPI kunye nezi zinto zinobungozi lusafundwa. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha ngokubanzi bacebisa ukusebenzisa idosi ephantsi kwaye ngexesha elifutshane kangangoko de iimpawu zakho zibe ngcono. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wezi zinto zinobungozi.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ugqirha ukunike ii-PPI, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokusela amayeza, ukuba uyeke nini, okanye indlela yokunciphisa umthamo.

Ukuba usebenzisa ii-PPI ngaphandle kwekhawuntara evela kwikhemesti kwaye uziva ngathi uyazidinga yonke imihla ukulawula iimpawu zakho, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Angakunika ingcebiso malunga nomthamo ochanekileyo kunye nobude bexesha omele ulisebenzise.

Kwakhona, ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi ziphumo ziyingozi, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukusabela kwe-allergy (ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukuba bomvu, ukudumba)
• Iimpawu zomonakalo wezintso (ukuchama kancinci kunangaphambili, ukudumba ezandleni nasezinyaweni, amaqatha)
• Iimpawu zokungabikho kwe-magnesium (ukungcangcazela, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo, ukushukuma kwemisipha)
• Iimpawu zokungabikho kwevithamini B12 (iintlungu ezandleni nasezinyaweni, ukungaziva mnandi, ukurhawuzelela, isiyezi, ukudideka)
• Ukuba ulusu luba bomvu, lube namadyungudyungu, okanye lubonakala ngathi luyaxobuka
• Ukuba unesifo sohudo esiqatha
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane

Ngoko ke, yintoni umyalezo wokugqibela oza kuwuthatha ekhaya?

Ukuba ne-asidi eninzi esiswini, okanye ukuba nayo kwindawo engafanelekanga, kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu. Ingonakalisa nenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya. Ngethamsanqa, kukho amayeza amaninzi anokunceda ukuba unezi mpawu.

Ukuze ufumane isiqabu sexesha elifutshane, i-antacid okanye i-H2 blocker yeyona ilungileyo. Kodwa ukuba unesitshiso sentliziyo rhoqo okanye unesilonda esiswini, ugqirha wakho unokukunika uhlobo lwe-PPI. La mayeza ebekho kangangeminyaka kwaye athathwa njengonyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo. Abantu abaninzi bafumana isiqabu ngala mayeza.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba eli yeza lifanele lisetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha, kwidosi emiselweyo nangexesha elimiselweyo.Ukuba uzama ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela ofuna ngayo, iingxaki zingavela. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukuhlala umamela oko ugqirha akuthethayo uze uthathe amayeza ngokufanelekileyo.

Ii - PPI, i-gastritis, ukudumba kwesisu, i-acid reflux, izilonda zesisu, i-omeprazole, i-pantoprazole