Ngaba uyazi umgama ochanekileyo phakathi kwezangqa ezimnyama zamehlo akho omabini (umgama we-pupillary)? Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanxiba iiglasi!

Ngaba unxiba iiglasi? Okanye ujonge ukuzithenga? Ukuba kunjalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento ebaluleke kakhulu xa ukhetha iiglasi ezifanelana kakuhle namehlo akho. Le yindlela yokulinganisa ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Pupillary Distance' . Usenokuba awukaze uyive le gama ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umbono wakho ucacile.

Ithini le 'mgama womntwana'?

Ngamafutshane, i-Pupillary Distance , okanye i-PD ngamafutshane, ngumgama osuka embindini womfundi wakho (isangqa esimnyama embindini weliso lakho) ukuya embindini womfundi wakho kwelinye iliso lakho. Oku kudla ngokulinganiswa ngeemilimitha (mm). Iingcali zamehlo ngamanye amaxesha zibiza oku ngokuthi yi-Interpupillary Distance (ID) .

Xa unikwa ummiselo weeglasi, eli xabiso le-PD libaluleke kakhulu. Kuba iilensi zeeglasi kufuneka zilungiswe ngqo phambi kwamehlo akho. Kulapho ufumana khona umbono ocacileyo kangangoko. Ukuba uthenga iiglasi kwi-intanethi, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuyidinga le xabiso le-PD kunye nomyalelo ovela kuvavanyo lwakho lwamehlo.

Ndingayilinganisa le nto ekhaya? Ndingayenza njani?

Ewe, ungazama ukulinganisa i-PD yakho ekhaya ukuba uyafuna. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ufumane umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, kungcono ukuba ulinganiswe yingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo eqeqeshiweyo . Kuba notshintsho oluncinci lweemilimitha ezimbalwa lunokuchaphazela umbono wakho.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukuzizama ngokwakho, okudingayo nje yirula ephawulwe ngeemilimitha (mm) kunye nesipili. Kukho iirula ezikhethekileyo ezifumaneka kwi-intanethi ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukulinganisa i-PD. Kukwakho nee-apps zefowuni ezithi ziyakunceda uthathe olu linganiselo. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukuqiniseka kakhulu ngokuchaneka komlinganiselo, nokuba uwulinganisa wena okanye usebenzisa i-app.

Ukuba ufuna ukuzilinganisa, nantsi indlela yokwenza oku:

Oku kunokuba nzima kancinci, ngoko ke kufuneka ube nomonde.

1. Okokuqala, yima phambi kwesibuko kwindawo ekhanyiswe kakuhle. Gcina ubuso bakho bukude kangangeesentimitha ezili-18 ukusuka kwisibuko.

2. Ngoku, phakamisa irula ebusweni bakho ukuze ubone iimpawu zemilimitha. Ufuna ukubamba irula ngokungathi ujonge eludongeni, ngaphantsi kwamehlo akho.

3. Vala iliso lakho lasekhohlo.

4. Ngoku, ujonge ngeliso lakho lasekunene kuphela, beka uphawu lwe-zero (0) kwirula kanye embindini wesangqa esimnyama seliso lakho lasekunene. Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho umgca owahlula isangqa esimnyama kabini, kwaye i-zero kufuneka ibe kuloo mgca. Musa ukuyishukumisa irula ngeli xesha, kulungile? Ukuba wenza njalo, kuya kufuneka uqale phantsi.

5. Kulungile, ngoku vula iliso lakho lasekhohlo uze uvale iliso lakho lasekunene.

6. Ngoku, ujonge ngeliso lakho lasekhohlo kuphela, fumana uphawu lwemilimitha oluphakathi kanye kwisangqa esimnyama seliso lakho lasekhohlo. Njengangaphambili, ukuba ucinga ukuba isangqa esimnyama siphakathi kwesibini, uphawu lwemilimitha olukufutshane nelo ziko lixabiso lakho le-PD.

Khumbula: Ukulinganisa ngale ndlela yodwa kunzima kancinci, kwaye iimpazamo zinokwenzeka. Ngoko ke fumana uncedo ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Kulula nangakumbi ukuba ulinganisa ngoncedo lomntu!

Kulula nangakumbi ukuba umntu uyakunceda. Nantsi indlela yokwenza oku:

1. Umntu olinganisa i-PD yakho kufuneka ahlale phambi kwakho, malunga ne-18 intshi phakathi kobuso bakho.

2. Ufanele aphakamise irula ebusweni bakho, ukuze abone iimpawu zemilimitha. Irula kufuneka ibe phantsi kwamehlo akho (njengokuba umjonga ungaphezulu kodonga).

3. Ngoku, jonga ngqo kwiliso lasekhohlo lomntu olinganisa i-PD yakho. Ukususela ngoku, zama ukungayishukumisi intloko yakho.

4. Umntu olinganisayo kufuneka abeke uphawu lwe-zero (0) kwirula ukuze lube kumphetho ongaphandle weringi emnyama yeliso lakho lasekunene (oko kukuthi, umphetho weringi emnyama yeliso lakho lasekunene abanokuyibona ngasekhohlo). Musa ukuvumela irula ishukume kweli nqanaba, kungenjalo kuya kufuneka uqale phantsi.

5. Ngoku, jonga ngqo kwiliso lasekunene lomntu olinganisa i-PD yakho.

6. Umntu olinganisayo kufuneka ajonge uphawu lwemilimitha olukufutshane nomphetho ongaphakathi wendandatho emnyama yeliso lakho lasekhohlo (oko kukuthi, umphetho wendandatho emnyama yeliso lakho lasekhohlo abanokuyibona ngasekunene kwabo). Loo mpawu yemilimitha lixabiso lakho le-PD.

Kutheni le nto 'umgama womntwana' (PD) ubaluleke kangaka?

Cinga ngale ndlela: ii-pupil ezikwimehlo lakho zifana neelensi zekhamera. Ukukhanya kungena ngezi zinto. Emva koko, oku kukhanya kudlula kwilensi engaphakathi kweliso kuze kuwele kwi-retina ngasemva kweliso. Kulapho sibona khona.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungaboni kakuhle, oku kukhanya akujoliswanga kakuhle. Yiyo loo nto sibona eminye imigama ingacacanga. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukubona kude/i-Hyperopia - inokubona ngokucacileyo kufutshane kodwa ayikwazi ukubona kude.
• Ukubona kufutshane/i-Myopia - Uyakwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo xa ekude kodwa akakwazi ukubona kufutshane.
• I-Presbyopia - imeko echaphazela abantu abaninzi emva kweminyaka engama-40.
• I-Astigmatism - Ukukhanya akujoliswanga kakuhle ngenxa yotshintsho kwimo yeliso.

Xa kufikwa kwiiglasi, ayinguye wonke umntu oza kufumana uhlobo olufanayo lweeglasi. Isizathu soku kukuba zininzi izinto ezichaphazela umbono wakho, njengobunzima bengxaki yakho yokubona, kunye nenani lamanqanaba e-astigmatism onayo.

Ngokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo i-PD yakho kunye nokulungisa iziko le-optical leelensi zakho ukuze zihlale embindini we-cornea yakho, uya kuzuza kakhulu kwiilensi zakho. Oku kuya kukunika umbono ocacileyo nokhululekileyo.

Ingaba 'umgama we-Nasopupillary' ufana nolu?

Ewe, kukho olunye umlinganiselo obalulekileyo ngaphandle kwe-PD, oluthiUmgama ophakathi kweliso lakho elimnyama. Lo ngumgama ophakathi kweliso lakho elimnyama ukuya kumbindi webhulorho yempumlo yakho.

Khawucinge nje, abantu abane kwabahlanu abanamehlo neempumlo ezilinganayo ngokupheleleyo. Oko kukuthi, 'Umgama weNasopupillary' awufani kuwo omabini amehlo. Uninzi lwexesha, lo mahluko ungaphantsi kweemilimitha ezi-2 (2mm). Nangona kunjalo, malunga nomntu omnye kwabathandathu, lo mahluko unokuba ngaphezu kweemilimitha ezi-2 (2mm). Ekubeni lo mgama mncinane, abantu abaninzi basenokungawuboni okanye bangazi ngawo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokuchaphazela uyilo lweeglasi, ngakumbi iilensi ezininzi.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umlinganiselo 'woMgama woMfundi' (PD) awuchanekanga?

Khawucinge ngento enokwenzeka ukuba ubunokufakwa iiglasi ezingalinganiswanga kakuhle kwi-PD yakho. Usenokuqala ukuva ukungonwabi okunje:

• Uxinzelelo lwamehlo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukugqwetheka embonweni wakho - izinto zibonakala zigqwethekile okanye zigqwethekile

Nangona ezi mpawu zingeyongozi kangako, zinokubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu. Kwakhona, ukubona kwakho kunokuba mandundu ngenxa yoxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko emehlweni akho. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ne-PD efanelekileyo.

Ingaba lo 'mgama womntwana' (PD) uyatshintsha ngamanye amaxesha?

Xa usemncinci, le PD iyatshintsha njengoko ukhula. Oko kukuthi, i-PD onayo xa usemncinci ayifani naxa usemncinci. Nangona kunjalo, eli xabiso le-PD alitshintshi emva kokuba umdala.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezingaqhelekanga apho kunokutshintsha khona. Umzekelo, ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando emehlweni okanye ebusweni bakho, i-PD yakho inokutshintsha kancinci emva kolo tyando.

Ingakanani i-'pupillary distance' (PD) ephakathi?

Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-PD kumntu omdala limalunga ne-63 millimeters `(63mm)`. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyahluka kumntu nomntu. Uninzi lwabantu abadala lunexabiso le-PD eliphakathi kwe-50 kunye ne-70 millimeters `(50mm - 70mm)`. Inani elincinci lamaxabiso e-PD abantu anokwahluka ngaphandle kolu luhlu. Abanye abantu banokuba nexabiso eliphantsi njenge-45 millimeters `(45mm)`, ngelixa abanye banokuba nexabiso eliphezulu njenge-80 millimeters `(80mm)`.

Kukweziphi iimeko apho singafanele sithembele kwizigqibo zethu?

Ukuba usebenzisa iiglasi zakho ngenjongo enye kuphela (umzekelo, ukufunda okanye umsebenzi olula), i-PD yakho kufuneka ilungele loo njongo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezithile apho kufuneka ulinganise i-PD yakho ngokuchanekileyo . Nazi iimeko apho:

• Ukuba ufuna iilensi ezininzi: Ezi ziilensi ezifana ne-'progressive lens', 'bifocals' (iilensi ezinokubona kude nakufutshane), okanye 'iitrifocals' (iilensi ezinokubona yonke imigama emithathu, imigama ephakathi, nakufutshane). Ukuze wenze inxalenye nganye yezi lensi ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka wazi ixabiso le-PD ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka unxibe iiglasi ukuze ubone kufutshane nakude:Kuba, xa sijonga into ephambi kwethu, i-PD yethu incipha kancinci malunga neemilimitha ezi-3 (3mm).
• Ukuba une-irises ezingalungelelananga kakuhle emehlweni akho (njenge-strabismus): Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuba i-PD yakho ilinganiswe yingcali.

Kwiimeko ezinje, kungcono ukuba i-PD yakho ihlolwe ngugqirha wamehlo okanye ingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo eqeqeshiweyo kunokuba uyilinganise ngokwakho.

Kutheni le nto le PD ingakhankanywanga kwiresiphi yam yeglasi?

Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Kwamanye amazwe (umzekelo, eMelika) akukho mthetho ufuna ixabiso le-PD lichazwe xa kunikwa amayeza eeglasi. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amazwe anemithetho enjalo. ESri Lanka, ngesiqhelo ugqirha wakho wamehlo okanye umenzi weeglasi uya kulinganisa eli xabiso le-PD aze aligcine kunye nabo.

Banokukwazi ukukunika ixabiso le-PD ukuba ubuza. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindawo zinokuhlawulisa imali eyahlukileyo ngalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ufumane iiglasi ezikulingana ngokugqibeleleyo, kubalulekile ukuba eli xabiso le-PD lilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo. Ke ngoko, licebo elihle ukubuza ugqirha wakho wamehlo okanye ivenkile yeeglasi zamehlo ngale nto.

Ngoko ke, nantsi imiyalezo omawuyithathe ekhaya:

Kulungile, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• Umgama we-Pupillary (PD) ngumgama ophakathi kweendandatho ezimnyama zamehlo akho.
• Eli xabiso le-PD libaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni iiglasi ezikunika umbono ocacileyo nokhululekileyo .
• Nangona ungazama ukulinganisa oku ekhaya, kungcono ukuba ulinganiswe yingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo ukuze ufumane umlinganiselo ochanekileyo.
• Ukuba umlinganiselo we-PD awuchanekanga, unokufumana ukungakhululeki okufana nokuxinana kwamehlo, iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukuphazamiseka kokubona , kwaye umbono wakho unokuba mandundu.
• Ixabiso elichanekileyo le-PD libalulekile, ingakumbi ukuba usebenzisa iilensi ezininzi okanye ukuba unesifo esifana ne-strabismus.

Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo xa usiya kulungisa iiglasi zakho, nikela ingqalelo encinci kule PD value. Kuba nomahluko omncinci wemilimitha enye okanye ezimbini unokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekuboneni kwakho! Amehlo amabini aphilileyo axabiseke kakhulu ebomini.

Umgama we - pupillary, iiglasi, uvavanyo lwamehlo, umbono, impilo yamehlo, umlinganiselo we-PD, umgama phakathi kwe-pupillary