Ngaba kukho utshintsho kwilizwi lakho okanye ekuphefumleni kwakho? Oku kusenokuba yiRecurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP)!

Ngaba wena okanye umntwana wakho ngamanye amaxesha nifumana utshintsho kwilizwi, ukurhawuzelela okuncinci, okanye isandi esincinci somlozi xa niphefumla? Okanye ninengxaki yokukhohlela okungapheliyo? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko engaqhelekanga kodwa exhalabisayo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi- (Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis) okanye (RRP) ngamafutshane. Elinye igama ngu-`(Laryngeal Papilloma)`. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le (RRP)? Masifumanise ngqo?

Ngamafutshane, i-(RRP) yimeko ebangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -`(Human Papillomavirus)` okanye `(HPV)` . Okwenzekayo koku kukuba ukukhula okuncinci okufana neentsumpa (esizibiza ngokuba yi-`(Papillomas)`) kwenzeka kwindlela yethu yokuphefumla, oko kukuthi, indlela esuka emlonyeni ukuya empumlweni nasemaphaphu. Ukuchaneka, oku kukhula kwenzeka ikakhulu kwinxalenye yomqala apho imisipha yelizwi (`(Vocal Cords)`) ilapho ilizwi lethu lenziwa khona, oko kukuthi, i-`(Larynx)`. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oku kukhula kunokusasazeka ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokuphefumla. Oko kukuthi:

• I-Trachea
• Ibronchi
• Imiphunga

Kukwakho neendawo ezinje.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba la mathumba (RRP) awanabungozi , oko kuthetha ukuba awangomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, anokukhula ngokukhawuleza aze aphinde abuye, nto leyo eyenza unyango lube nzima kancinci. Abanye abantu banokufuneka benze utyando oluninzi ngonyaka.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko (ye-RRP)?

Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-(RRP) inokwenzeka kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala. Makhe sibone ukuba kwenzeka njani.

I-RRP yokuqalisa kolutsha

Oku kudla ngokufunyaniswa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neminyaka emi-5 ubudala . Xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abadala, i-RRP kubantwana abancinci inzima kakhulu kwaye inokwenzeka ukuba iphinde ivele emva konyango. Ke ngoko, kufuneka sikhathazeke ngakumbi ngale meko kubantwana abancinci.

I-RRP yokuqalisa kwabantu abadala

Oku kunokwenzeka nakuyo nayiphi na iminyaka, ngesiqhelo emva kweminyaka eli-14. Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba izinga lokuphinda kwenzeke kwakhona liphantsi kancinci kubantu abadala.

Ixhaphake kangakanani (i-RRP)?

I-RRP sisifo esingaqhelekanga . Ngokwezibalo, sichaphazela umntu omnye kwabane kwikhulu lamawaka ngalinye.

Kodwa nantsi into ekufuneka uyiqaphele. Ugonyo lwe-HPV lusebenza kakhulu kule meko (RRP). Ludla ngokucetyiswa kubantwana abancinci abaqala kwiminyaka eli-11 ubudala. Iingcali zempilo zinethemba lokuba olu gonyo luya kunciphisa inani leemhlaza ezinxulumene ne-HPV kunye neemeko ezifana ne-(RRP) kwixesha elizayo.

Ziziphi iintlobo zeentsholongwane zeHPV (RRP) ezibangelwa yi-HPV?

I-Human papillomavirus (HPV) liqela leentsholongwane ezingaphezulu kwe-100 ezinxulumene nayo. Ezinye zezi zibangela iintsumpa eluswini lwethu nakwizicubu ezimanzi (umzekelo, emlonyeni, emqaleni, kwilungu lobufazi, empundu). Ngenxa yokuba i-HPV idluliselwa ngokwesondo, ixhaphake kakhulu.

Iindidi ezimbini zeHPV zezona ziphambili ezibangela i-RRP. Ezi yiHPV 6 kunye neHPV 11. Ezi zezona zibangela uninzi lweentsumpa zesini. IHPV inokubangela neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, njengomhlaza wesibeleko kunye nomhlaza welaryngeal. Kunqabile kakhulu, inokubangela nomhlaza wemiphunga.

Usulelo lwe-HPV luqheleke kakhulu. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, luyaphela ngokwalo ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki zempilo. Oogqirha abasazi ukuba kutheni abanye abantu kuphela befumana izifo ezinxulumene ne-HPV.

I-HPV idluliselwa njani kwi-(RRP)?

Oogqirha abakayiqondi ngokupheleleyo indlela i-HPV edluliselwa ngayo kwi-(RRP). Kodwa nazi ezinye izimvo:

Kwabantwana abancinci

Xa umntwana ezalwa, ukuba umama une-`(Genital Warts)` esebenzayo (i-genital warts), i-`(HPV)` inokudluliselwa kumntwana ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ayinguye wonke umntwana ovezwa ngale ndlela oza kukhula (RRP). Oku kuthetha ukuba kwenzeka kwipesenti encinci kakhulu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umntwana unokuba ne-RRP nokuba uzalwe nge-cesarean section. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-HPV isenokuba yadluliselwa kumntwana ngoxa wayesesesibelekweni.

Kwabantu abadala

Kukholelwa ukuba i-HPV inokudluliselwa kubantu abadala ngokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo. Enye ingcamango kukuba abantu abadala abane-RRP basenokuba bavezwe kwi-HPV ekuzalweni kwabo, kwaye intsholongwane isenokuba "ifihliwe" kwiiseli eziphilileyo emzimbeni, yaze yaphinda yasebenza ngenxa yesizathu esithile, nto leyo ebangele i-RRP.

Zithini iimpawu ze (RRP)?

Xa ezo zihluma (`(Papillomas)`) esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili zikhula kwiintambo zelizwi kunye neendlela zomoya, zinokubangela ubunzima bokuthetha, ukuphefumla, kunye nokuginya. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Ukurhawuzelela kwelizwi okanye ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo kwelizwi.
• I-Stridor sisandi esikhulu okanye esivakala kakhulu xa uphefumla. Sivakala ngathi yimpempe.
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza okanye nzima .
• Ukuba nokukhohlela okungapheliyo .
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya .

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola ngononophelo wena okanye umntwana wakho ukuze abone ukuba le yi-RRP okanye enye imeko, efana ne-asthma okanye i-allergies.

Isifo (i-RRP) sifunyanwa njani?

Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza okanye umntwana wakho ngeempawu zakho aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Banokusebenzisa isipili kunye nesibane ukujonga ngaphakathi emqaleni wakho ukuze bahlole imicu yakho yelizwi. Ukuba iimpawu zakho kunye novavanyo lwakho zibonisa ukuba usenokuba ne-RRP, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwingcali yendlebe, impumlo, kunye nomqala (ingcali ye-ENT).

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga (i-RRP)?

Ingcali yakho ye-ENT inokwenza uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-laryngoscopy . Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope) enekhamera encinci kunye nokukhanya okuqhotyoshelwe kuyo, uze uyidlulise ngempumlo yakho uye ezantsi emqaleni wakho ukuze uhlole i-larynx yakho kunye nendlela yomoya. Musa ukoyika, ngaphambi kokuba wenze oku:

• Impumlo yakho okanye yomntwana wakho iyaqaqamba.
• Emva koko, ityhubhu idlula empumlweni, iye emphinjeni, ize ingene kwiintambo zelizwi.
• Emva koko ugqirha angajonga ezo ziqwenga zincinci, ezifana neqela leediliya, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-papillomas.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-(RRP), ingcali ye-`(ENT)` kuya kufuneka yenze i -`(Biopsy)` . Oku kuthetha ukuthatha isampuli encinci yezicubu kwiqhubu uze uyivavanye ukuze ubone ukuba intsholongwane ye-`(HPV)` ikhona na, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, loluphi uhlobo lwayo. Le `(Biopsy)` idla ngokwenziwa kwigumbi lotyando, phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Le sampuli yezicubu ithathwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo eziqhotyoshelwe kwi-`(Endoscope)`. Emva koko ivavanywa kwilebhu.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ingcali yemiphunga inokufuna ukujonga ngaphakathi kwi-trachea ngale ndlela ize ithathe isampuli.

Ngaba (i-RRP) inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-RRP. Injongo ephambili yonyango kukususa iithumba nokuyekisa ukukhula kwazo kwakhona. Wena okanye umntwana wakho nisenokufuna indibaniselwano yotyando kunye namayeza.

Isetyenziswa njani i-operation kwi-(RRP)?

Unyango oluphambili lwe-RRP lutyando . Ugqirha uzama ukususa ithumba elininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokonakalisa izicwili eziphilileyo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswayo ukususa la mathumba:

• Utyando lweLaser: Olu tyando lusebenzisa imisebe yelaser ukunciphisa okanye ukutshabalalisa iithumba.
• I-Microdebrider: Esi sisixhobo esiphucukileyo esisebenzisa ukufunxa kancinci ukutsala ithumba liye kwi-blade ekhethekileyo, siyisusa ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
• Ukucima: Kule ndlela, kusetyenziswa amaqondo obushushu abandayo kakhulu ukubulala iiseli zethumba.

Uninzi lotyando lwe-RRP, ingakumbi olo lusetyenziswa ebantwaneni, lwenziwa kwigumbi lotyando phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ulele ngexesha lotyando.

Abanye abantu abadala banokwenza utyando lwelaser oluseofisini. Oku kuyakhawuleza kwaye akudingi i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Uza kunikwa i-anesthesia yendawo ukuze ungaziva ungonwabanga, kodwa ube uvukile.

Zingaphi utyando ekufuneka ndilwenze mna okanye umntwana wam ukuze ndifumane i-RRP?

Emva kotyando, iithumba ze-RRP zisenokubuya kwakhona. Abanye abantu kufuneka bafumane unyango kwakhona rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Abanye banokuthatha unyaka okanye ngaphezulu phakathi konyango. Oku kuphinda kwenzeke kuqheleke kakhulu ebantwaneni.

Iphathwa njani (i-RRP) ngamayeza?

Abanye abantu kufuneka banikwe amayeza ukongeza kutyando. Oku kuquka:

• Abantu abenza utyando olungaphezulu kwesine ngonyaka (RRP).
• Abo iingcambu zabo zikhula ngokukhawuleza.
• Abantu abanengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yokuvaleka kwendlela yomoya ngenxa yamathumba.
• Ezo zisasazeke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wesiqhamo.

Ezi ntlobo zamayeza zibizwa ngokuba yi-"adjuvant therapies" kuba zinikwa emva konyango oluphambili (utyando) ukunceda ukuthintela ukuba ithumba lingabuyi. Malunga nama-20% (oko kukuthi umntu omnye kwaba-5) wabantu abane-(RRP) bafuna olu hlobo lonyango olongezelelweyo.

Amayeza ancedisayo anikwa i-(RRP) anciphisa ukukhula kwethumba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• I-Cidofovir yi-antiviral ethintela intsholongwane ye-HPV ukuba ingaphindaphindani.
• Iiarhente zonyango lwe-immunotherapy, ezifana nePembrolizumab , zisebenzisa inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela ukutshabalalisa iiseli zethumba.

Ngaba isitofu (se-HPV) siyanceda kunyango (lwe-RRP)?

Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ugonyo lwe-HPV lunokuba lolona hlobo lusebenzayo lonyango oluncedisayo. Izifundo zokuqala zibonisa ukuba ugonyo lwe-HPV lunokunciphisa ukukhula kweethumba kwaye lunciphise inani lotyando olufunekayo. Uphando olongezelelweyo luyaqhubeka.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-(RRP)?

Ukuba i-RRP inzima, indlela yakho yomoya isenokuvaleka ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokufuneka wenze i -tracheostomy ukuze umoya ungene emiphungeni yakho. Oku kuquka ukwenza umngxuma entanyeni yakho obizwa ngokuba yi-trachea. Ukuba ne-tracheostomy kunokuchaphazela amandla akho okuthetha. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukufundisa indlela yokunyamekela i-tracheostomy yakho kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa ilizwi lakho.

Umhlaza yenye ingxaki. Kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu . Imeko engeyongozi (RRP) ingaguquka ibe yimeko embi. Oku kunokwenzeka emva kweminyaka emininzi isifo sifunyenwe. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu ngakumbi ukuba ithumba lisasazeke kwiindawo ezisezantsi zenkqubo yokuphefumla. Oogqirha abasazi ukuba kutheni (RRP) iguquka ibe ngumhlaza.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi (RRP)?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kule meko kukugonywa yiHPV.Yifumane. IZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (i-CDC) licebisa ukuba bonke abantwana bafumane i-HPV vaccine xa beneminyaka eli-11 okanye eli-12 ubudala. Abo bangazange bagonywe besebancinci banokuyifumana i-vaccine ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-26 ubudala.

Kwakhona, ukusebenzisa iikhondom kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-HPV edluliselwa ngesondo, ngoko ke i-RRP inika ukhuseleko oluthile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iintsumpa zesini zikwiindawo ezingagqunywanga yikhondom, iikhondom aziboneleli ngokhuseleko olupheleleyo.

Ukuba unezintsumpa zesini, ukhulelwe, okanye uceba ukukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Ngokubanzi, umngcipheko wokuzidlulisela kumntwana wakho uphantsi. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ugqiba ekubeni anyange izintsumpa zesini ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhuselekileyo ezikhoyo.

Iyintoni imbono yabo bane (RRP)?

Imbono yabantwana abaninzi kunye nabantu abadala abane-RRP ilungile . Utyando kunye namayeza anokulawula amathumba kwaye awathintele kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Amaxesha amaninzi, kufuneka i-tracheostomy okanye ikhule ibe ngumhlaza.

Ungaphila njani ne (RRP)?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-RRP, ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga ngokusondeleyo aze enze isicwangciso sonyango. Landela loo miyalelo ngononophelo kwaye ugcine amadinga akho. Ukwenza njalo kunokunceda ukulawula imeko kwaye kuthintele ukuvaleka komoya okusongela ubomi. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, tsalela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911.

(RRP) sisifo esibangelwa yi-human papillomavirus (HPV). Oogqirha bayayinyanga ngotyando, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, ngamayeza. Ukwenziwa utyando rhoqo kunokuba nzima ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo, ingakumbi ebantwaneni. Ukuba ufuna inkxaso, thetha nogqirha wakho. Angakuthumela kwizibonelelo ezinceda abantu abaphila neemeko ezingapheliyo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• (RRP) yimeko ebangelwa yintsholongwane (HPV) ebangela ukukhula okufana neentsumpa kwindlela yokuphefumla, ingakumbi ejikeleze iintambo zelizwi. Ezi azinawo umhlaza, kodwa zinokuphinda zibuye.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokuba nerhashalala, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
• Utyando lolona nyango luphambili. Ngamanye amaxesha amayeza anokufuneka. Nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo, esi sifo sinokulawulwa kakuhle.
• Ugonyo lwe-HPV lubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela (RRP). Nika abantwana olu gonyo ngexesha.
• Kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso zonyango kwaye uhlale uqinile engqondweni xa uphila nale meko. Ungoyiki ukucela uncedo ukuba uyalufuna.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!

"I-papilloma yokuphefumla, i-RRP, i-HPV, ukurhawuzelela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, amathumba omqala, i-laryngeal papilloma