Masifunde ngakumbi ngokosuleleka yiShigella. Ingaba le yimbangela yentlungu yesisu sakho?

Ngaba ngequbuliso ukhe waba neempawu ezifana norhudo kunye nomkhuhlane kunye nentlungu yesisu? Mhlawumbi unobangela yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiShigella. Olu luhlobo losulelo oluqhelekileyo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngolu sulelo lweShigella, okanye njengoko oogqirha belubiza, iShigellosis. Xa usazi kakuhle ukuba luyintoni, uya kuqonda indlela yokuluphepha kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba luyenzeka.

Yintoni usulelo lweShigella? Ngamafutshane...

I-Shigella luhlobo lwebhaktiriya. Le bhaktiriya ichaphazela inkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya . Ingakumbi amathumbu ethu. Xa ingena emzimbeni, ibangela iimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, urhudo, kunye nomkhuhlane. Ngamanye amaxesha, urhudo lunokuhamba negazi okanye i-mucus.

Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngale nto kukuba iShigella sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu . Sinokudluliselwa lula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Sidluliselwa njani? Ngokuyintloko ngokutya namanzi angcolileyo. Khawuthelekelele, uhlamba kwindawo enamanzi angcolileyo, kwaye ukuba ngempazamo uginya amanzi athile, usenokosulelwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bayibiza le meko ngokuthi yi-bacillary dysentery . Igama elithi "dysentery" lithetha urhudo olunegazi okanye i-mucus. Ngoko ke ibizwa njalo kuba usulelo lweShigella lukwabonisa iimpawu ezifanayo.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana usulelo lweShigella?

Enyanisweni, nabani na angayifumana . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuyifumana. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezingenacoceko lufanelekileyo neendawo ezixineneyo.

Umzekelo:

• Isikolo
• Amaziko okugcina abantwana emini
• Amakhaya abantu abadala

Kukho abantwana abancinci, bahlala befaka izandla zabo emlonyeni, bafaka amathoyizi emlonyeni. Ngoko ke, banethuba elikhulu lokufumana le ntsholongwane yeShigella emizimbeni yabo. Yiyo loo nto oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko kwihlabathi liphela?

Olu sulelo lweShigella aluphelelanga eSri Lanka kuphela. Yingxaki ekhoyo kwihlabathi liphela . Khawucinge nje, malunga nezigidi ezili-188 zabantu bafumana oku minyaka le, kwaye amakhulu amawaka, mhlawumbi nesigidi, abantu bayafa ngenxa yako. Kwanakwilizwe ekuthiwa liphuhlile, kuxelwa malunga nezigidi ezili-1.5 zezigulana minyaka le. Kwanakwilizwe elifana neMelika, malunga nezigidi ezi-4.5 zabantu bahlaselwa sesi sifo minyaka le. Ngoko ke, ungabona ukuba oku kuxhaphake kangakanani, akunjalo?

Ivela njani iShigellosis? Yintoni unobangela wokwenene?

Sele sitshilo ukuba le yintsholongwane. Le ntsholongwane yeShigella idla ngokufumaneka kwindle yomntu onayo . Ngoko ke, isasazeka njani?

• Ukuba umntu udibana (ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo) nelindle lomntu osulelekileyo.
• Ukuba uchukumisa into engcoliswe lindle (umz., isitshixo socango, ithoyi) uze uyitye ngeso sandla sinye.

Kalula nje, le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngemilomo yethu. Ingangoku:

• Ukuba utya ukutya okungcolileyo : Ukuba utya ukutya okuneentsholongwane (ingakumbi ukuba akuphekwanga kakuhle).
• Ukuba usela amanzi angcolileyo : Ukuba usela amanzi aneentsholongwane.
• Ingasasazeka nangokudibana ngesondo nomntu osulelekileyo (ingakumbi ngemisebenzi ebandakanya ilindle). Kubalulekile ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto, kuba ukwazi ngundoqo wokuzikhusela.

Iintsholongwane zeShigella zihlala zifumaneka kwimifuno engaphekwanga (umz., ilettuce, ukuba ayihlanjwanga kakuhle) kunye nezinye iintlanzi zaselwandle (umz., iioyster).

Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntwana ofunda kwisikolo esincinci uneShigella, aze aye kwindlu yangasese engazihlambanga kakuhle izandla zakhe, abelane ngamathoyizi nabanye abantwana, okanye achukumise ukutya kwabanye abantu ngelixa esitya, abanye abantwana banokusuleleka lula. Ngokufanayo, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba usuleleke ngumntu osebenzisa indlu yangasese kawonke-wonke kwaye angazihlambi kakuhle izandla zakhe.

Zithini iimpawu zosulelo lweShigella? Jonga ukuba unazo na ezi

Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kancinci kumntu nomntu, kodwa ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Urhudo: Olu luphawu oluphambili. Lunokuba namanzi kwaye lunokuhamba negazi, i-mucus, okanye i-pus . Lunokwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ngemini.
• Intlungu yesisu kunye nokuqaqamba: Intlungu yesisu , ukuziva ucinezelekile okanye uqengqeleka esiswini.
• Ukuhlanza: Abanye abantu banokuhlanza.
• Umkhuhlane: Umzimba unokuba shushu kwaye unokufumana umkhuhlane.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba abanye abantu banokuba nale ntsholongwane yeShigella emizimbeni yabo ngaphandle kweempawu . Kodwa basenokosulela omnye umntu. Oko kuthetha ukuba bafana nabathwali besifo.

Uqiniseka njani ukuba unayo le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba unale mpawu, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kumamela iimpawu zakho, akuhlole, aze afumanise ukuba ingaba olu phawu lubangelwa yiShigella.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuze uqiniseke, kufuneka uvavanyo lwendle lwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba unayo na intsholongwane yeShigella.

Zithini iindlela zonyango lweShigellosis? Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala!

Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo. Asinguye wonke umntu ofuna unyango olufanayo.

Izinto onokuzenza ekhaya (Iimeko ezincinci - ukuba iimpawu azikho nzulu)

Ukuba iimpawu zakho azikho qatha kakhulu, ungazama ezi zinto ekhaya ukuze zikuncede uphile:

• Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Kubalulekile ukuphepha ukuzibhokoxa kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.
• Sela iziselo ezininzi:Urhudo lubangela ukuba umzimba ulahlekelwe ngamanzi kunye neetyuwa. Ngoko ke, ukuze uthintele ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni , oko kuthetha ukugcina amanzi emzimbeni, sela iziselo ezifana namanzi, ijusi, ijusi yeorenji, kunye neparridge rhoqo.
• Amayeza otyando olukhutshwa ngugqirha: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza afana ne-bismuth subsalicylate (njengePepto-Bismol®) ukunceda ekunciphiseni utyando. Nangona kunjalo, musa ukuzinyanga ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha.
• Musa ukuthatha la mayeza: Amayeza aqulethe i-loperamide (umz., i-Imodium®) okanye i-diphenoxylate ene-atropine (umz., i-Lomotil®) awacetyiswa ngeli xesha. Ayacothisa ukusebenza kwamathumbu kwaye agcine iintsholongwane emzimbeni ixesha elide. Oku kunokwenza isifo sibe sibi ngakumbi.

Unyango lwezonyango (Iimeko ezinzima - ukuba iimpawu zinzima)

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, okanye ukuba une-immune system ebuthathaka (umz. ngenxa yesinye isifo, okanye ukuba uluphele okanye umntwana omncinci), ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Umzekelo, unganikwa i-Ciprofloxacin okanye i-Azithromycin.

Okona kubaluleke kakhulu: Sela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ixesha lonke . Musa ukuyeka ukuwasela kuba nje uzive ungcono. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lubuye, okanye iintsholongwane zingabi namandla okulwa namayeza.

Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yeShigellosis?

Nangona iShigellosis idla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, iingxaki ngamanye amaxesha zinokubakho.

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo neyinzima. Yenzeka xa umzimba ulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi kunye netyuwa ngenxa yorhudo. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala. Kunokuba yingozi nakubomi.
• Usulelo lwegazi: Nangona lunqabile, iintsholongwane zinokungena egazini zisuka emathunjini zize zisasazeke emzimbeni wonke.
• Ukuxhuzula: Ukuxhuzula kunokwenzeka xa kukho umkhuhlane ophezulu, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
• I-arthritis emva kokosuleleka: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Reiter's syndrome okanye i-reactive arthritis . Emva kokosuleleka yiShigella, amalungu anokuba buhlungu, amehlo anokuba bomvu aze avuvuke, kwaye kunokubakho intlungu xa uchama iiveki ezimbalwa.
• I-Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS): Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, enzulu. Yonakalisa imithambo yegazi emincinci kwizintso, ibangela ukuba iiseli zegazi ziqhekeke, ibangele i-anemia , kwaye inokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwezintso.

Ungayithintela njani iShigellosis? Ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu!

Zininzi izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo nokusithintela ukuba sisasazeke. Ukuba ulandela la manyathelo ngononophelo, unokuzikhusela wena nosapho lwakho.

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha rhoqo: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo .
• Ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokutya.
• Emva kokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela.
• Emva kokutshintsha inapukeni yomntwana.
• Ngaphambi kokupheka.
• Ukuba uchukumisa umntu osulelekileyo okanye izinto zakhe.

Xa uhlamba izandla zakho, kufuneka usebenzise isepha kwaye uzihlikihle kakuhle ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20.

• Hlamba uze upheke ukutya kakuhle: Hlamba imifuno eluhlaza kunye neziqhamo kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo. Pheka inyama, intlanzi, kunye namaqanda kakuhle.
• Kuphephe ukuntywiliselwa emachibini okudada, emachibini, okanye emachibini: Amanzi akwezi ndawo anokuba neentsholongwane.
• Lahla iinapukeni ezisetyenzisiweyo ngokufanelekileyo: Tshintsha inapukeni, uyisonge kakuhle, uze uyifake kwisitya senkunkuma esinesiciko. Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva koko.
• Lumka ngokutya nokusela xa usiya kwamanye amazwe: Ekubeni ucoceko lungekho semgangathweni kwamanye amazwe, sela amanzi asebhotileni kuphela kwaye unciphise ukutya kwiindawo zokutyela ezisecaleni kwendlela.
• Lumka xa usabelana ngesondo: Nokuba iqabane lakho seliphilile kwisifo sorhudo, kungcono ulinde ubuncinane iveki ngaphambi kokuba ulale ngesondo.
• Isitofu sokugonya: Abaphandi basazama ukuvelisa isitofu sokugonya esichasene nale ntsholongwane yeShigella, kodwa okwangoku akukho sitofu sinjalo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha kwiShigellosis? (Imbono)

Uninzi lwabantu abafumana usulelo lweShigella baya kuphila kwiintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7, kwaye iimpawu ziyaphela. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba usenokusasaza usulelo kwabanye kangangeeveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba uphilile . Ngoko ke, nokuba uyaphila, lumka xa uphatha ukutya neziselo, ingakumbi xa uphakathi kwabanye abantu.

Kwabanye abantu abanezifo ezinzima, banokugula iiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iingxaki aziqhelekanga, kodwa zinokwenzeka.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha? Lumka kwezi mpawu!

Nangona idla ngokuphelela ekhaya, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu:

• Ukuba unesifo sohudo esinegazi.
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane ophezulu (ukuba umkhuhlane awunciphi).
• Ukuba uneentlungu zesisu eziqatha.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukusela ulwelo olwaneleyo , nokuba kungenxa yokuhlanza okanye ezinye izizathu, usenokuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni, ngoko xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko (umz., umlomo owomileyo, amehlo atshonileyo, ukuncipha komchamo, ulusu olomileyo).

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela ukuba ndinayo intsholongwane)

Ukuba unesifo seShigellosis,Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina amanzi aneleyo emzimbeni.

• Sela amanzi amaninzi.
• Sela iziselo ezizalisa ii-electrolytes, ezifana neJeevani.
• Sela ijusi yeorenji, amanzi ekhokhonathi, iporridge, kunye neesuphu.
• Unganika abantwana izinto ezifana neepakethe zomkhenkce (iPopsicles®) (nangona ziluhlobo lolwelo).

Ziziphi ukutya okubangela usulelo lweShigella?

I-Shigella isasazeka kakhulu ngokutya okuluhlaza .

Umzekelo:

• Iisaladi (ingakumbi xa zityiwa ngaphandle).
• Isiqhamo (ukuba asihlanjwanga kakuhle).
• Imifuno (ingakumbi leyo ikhuliswe kumhlaba ongcoliswe lindle lomntu, ukuba ayihlanjwanga kakuhle).

Kodwa, khumbula oku: Ingasasazeka nangayiphi na indlela yokutya, ezandleni ezingcolileyo, okanye kumntu olungisa ukutya ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ucoceko. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iindawo otyela kuzo kunye nabantu abalungisa ukutya.

Ngaba usulelo lweShigella lunokwenzeka ngaphezu kwesinye?

Wakuba unayo, kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa akunakwenzeka, ukuba iphinde ifumaneke. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhaktheriya yeShigella. Wakuba usulelwe luhlobo olunye, unokuzikhusela kuphela kuyo.

Njengesishwankathelo, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Shigellosis, okanye usulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane yeShigella ebesithetha ngayo, ikakhulu ibangela urhudo olumanzi, ngamanye amaxesha olunegazi. Ingahamba nentlungu yesisu kunye nomkhuhlane.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nelula yokuphepha oku kukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo nangesepha. Kwanokunyamekela ukucoceka kokutya neziselo.

Ukuba uneempawu ezinzima, ezinje ngentlungu eqatha, umkhuhlane ophezulu, okanye urhudo olunegazi, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Uninzi lwexesha, ungaphila ekhaya ngokuphumla nokusela ulwelo oluninzi. Kwabanye abantu, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila ngokupheleleyo kule meko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi nokulumka!

I- Shigella, i-shigellosis, urhudo, isisu esibuhlungu, iintsholongwane, usulelo lweebhaktheriya, ukutyhefeka kokutya