Utshaba oluthuleyo oluvela eluthulini: Ngaba uyazi nge-silicosis?

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba amasuntswana othuli esiwaphefumlayo anokubangela izifo ezinzulu zemiphunga? Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kwabo bethu abenza imisebenzi ethile. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo semiphunga esibi kancinci, kodwa esinokuthintelwa ngokuqaphela, esibangelwa ngamasuntswana amancinci abizwa ngokuba yi-silica angena emzimbeni kunye nothuli esiluphefumlayo. Oogqirha babiza esi sifo ngokuthi 'iSilicosis'.

Yintoni le silicosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-silicosis sisifo semiphunga esibangelwa kukuphefumla amasuntswana amancinci ekristale abizwa ngokuba yi-silicon dioxide, okanye i-silica ngamafutshane. Ukuba unale meko, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukudumba kwemiphunga, kunye nokuqhekeka kwemiphunga, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-fibrosis .

Xa ezi mpawu zintathu zidibene, sibiza iqela lezifo ngokuthi "i-pneumoconioses." Ezi zizifo ezibangelwa kukuphefumla uthuli. Njengezifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos, i-silicosis sisifo semiphunga esinxulumene nomsebenzi. Oko kukuthi, sibangelwa kukuphefumla amasuntswana e-silica ngelixa usenza umsebenzi wakho.

Ngelishwa, i-silicosis ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo okanye umonakalo owenzekileyo emiphungeni unokuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha banokuyinyanga, balawule iimpawu, baze bakunike isiqabu.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-silicosis?

I-silicosis inokukhula ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili:

1. I-silicosis engapheliyo: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Ihlala isenzeka emva kokuvezwa kumanqanaba othuli lwe-silica oluphefumlayo kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 . Ubungakanani be-silica eluthulini buchaphazela oku. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-silicosis engapheliyo: i-simple silicosis kunye ne-progressive massive fibrosis.

2. I-Subacute silicosis: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"accelerated silicosis." Oku kunokuvela kwixesha elifutshane, phakathi kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemihlanu . Nangona ixesha lifutshane, ukuchatshazelwa yi-silica kuphezulu kakhulu.

3. I-Acute silicosis: Oku kungenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka emva kokuvezwa kumasuntswana anepesenti ephezulu ye-silica ixesha elifutshane, njengeenyanga ezimbalwa . Olu lolona hlobo luyingozi kwaye lukhawulezayo.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana i-silicosis?

I-silicosis inxulumene kakhulu nomsebenzi owenzayo.Ukuba usebenza kula mashishini alandelayo, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-silicosis kunamanye.

• Ukumba imigodi kunye nokumba imigodi: Kukho neendawo ezinje kwilizwe lethu. Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo apho kumbiwa khona amatye amnyama kunye nomhlaba osikiweyo basengozini.
• Ukwakha, ukwakha kunye nokudiliza: Uthuli lwe-silica luyakhutshwa ngexesha lomsebenzi ofana nokusika ikhonkrithi, ukusika iithayile, kunye nokusika izitena.
• Umsebenzi wamatye, kuquka ukwenziwa kweekhawuntara zamatye: Olu thuli luveliswa xa kusenziwa iikhawuntara zamatye zeekhitshi kunye neepantries, naxa kusikwa kwaye kucocwa amatye afana negranite.
• Izinto zobumba, izinto zodongwe kunye nokwenziwa kweglasi.
• Ukuqhumisa isanti: Xa isanti itshizwa ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwiindawo ezicocekileyo.
• Umsebenzi womsenzi: Apho isinyithi sinyibilikiswa khona size sigalelwe kwiimold.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba usebenza kwindawo efana nale, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba ezi ntshaba zincinci ezibizwa ngokuba yi-silica zingene emiphungeni yakho.

Oku kwenza ntoni emzimbeni?

Xa amasuntswana esilica engena kwinkqubo yethu yokuphefumla, enza ngendlela enobungozi. La masuntswana onakalisa kakhulu iiseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alveolar macrophages. La masuntswana ayinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Ngamafutshane, afana nabalindi bokhuseleko emiphungeni . Umsebenzi wabo kukubamba nokutshabalalisa iintsholongwane kunye nothuli olungena emiphungeni. Kodwa xa la masuntswana esilica engena, la masuntswana okhuseleko ayonakala. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo monakalo uqala ukubangela ukudumba kunye nokuqhekeka kwemiphunga.

Zithini iimpawu ze-silicosis?

Kukho iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-silicosis:

• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo.
• Ukukhohlela okubangela isikhwehlela.
• Ukudumba/ukudumba kwindawo yemiphunga.
• Ukuvaleka kwemiphunga (fibrosis).

Ezi mpawu zingakhokelela kwezinye iingxaki, kuquka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla). Ekuqaleni, kunokuba nzima ukuphefumla, nokuba umile nje.
• Ukudinwa.
• Ubuthathaka.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engalindelekanga.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba unomsebenzi okubeka eluthulini lwe-silica, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Kutheni i-silicosis isenzeka?

Eyona nto ibangela i-silicosis kukonakala kwemiphunga yakho xa uphefumla uthuli lwe-silica.Oku kwenzeka rhoqo kwindawo yomsebenzi.

Ingaba oku kuyasulela?

Hayi, i-silicosis ayisosifo esosulelayo. Ayibangelwa yintsholongwane okanye yibhaktheriya. Awunakuyifumana kumntu onayo, kwaye ukuba unayo, awunakuyisasaza komnye umntu.

Ufumanisa njani ukuba une-silicosis?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukuba sele usebenze ixesha elide kangakanani kumsebenzi okubeka emngciphekweni we-silicosis ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu kule nkqubo .

Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba awunazo naziphi na iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa ukuba une-silicosis ngexesha lovavanyo lwemifanekiso olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu. Usenokuva nezandi zokuphefumla ezingaqhelekanga emiphungeni yakho xa uhlolwa.

Ezi vavanyo zilandelayo zingenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lokufota: Olu luquka i-X-ray yesifuba kunye ne-high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba une-silicosis ngokujonga iimpawu ezithile emiphungeni yakho.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kweMiphunga: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Lulinganisa izinto ezifana nokuba ungaphefumla ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwaye ungabamba ixesha elingakanani ukuphefumla kwakho.
• Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Olu lwenziwa ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye iimeko, umzekelo iintlobo ezithile zosulelo (ezifana nesifo sephepha). Okwangoku akukho vavanyo lwegazi luthile olunokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-silicosis.
• Ukuhlamba nge-Bronchoalveolar: Kolu vavanyo, ulwelo oluthathwe kwimiphunga "luyahlanjwa" luze luhlolwe.
• I-biopsy yemiphunga: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili esiphuma emphungeni ukuze lihlolwe. Nangona kunjalo, oku akwenzeki rhoqo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-silicosis?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-silicosis ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Into ekuphela kwayo enokwenziwa kukulawula esi sifo. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokwenza oko:

• Ukuba utshaya okanye usebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba, yeka ngoko nangoko. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuzikhusela zobuqu (PPE) ngokufanelekileyo. Okanye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, tshintshela kumsebenzi ongenamngcipheko mkhulu.
• Sebenzisa i-bronchodilator (njenge-inhaler) ukuze wenze ukuphefumla kube lula.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, fumana ioksijini eyongezelelweyo njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho.

Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando lokufakelwa imiphunga.

Enyanisweni, iimvavanyo zeklinikhi ziyaqhubeka ukufumana unyango lwe-silicosis. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwenye. Abaphandi basebenzisa amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-antifibrotics ukunyanga ezinye iintlobo ze-silicosis. Nangona ezinye zezi zisesekwisigaba sophando, elinye iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-Nintedanib (OFEV®) sele livunyiwe yi-FDA.

Ingancitshiswa njani le ngozi?

Inyaniso ebuhlungu kukuba nangona abantu babesazi nge-silicosis kunye neengozi zokuphefumla uthuli ngamaxesha amandulo amaGrike namaRoma, abantu basasifumana esi sifo nanamhlanje.

Ukuba awukwazi ukuyiphepha imisebenzi enobungozi, ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo (i-PPE) kunye nokulandela iindlela zokhuseleko emsebenzini .

Ukuba umsebenzi wakho unobungozi obukhulu, cinga ngokufumana uhlolo kumqeshi wakho. Ukuchongwa kwangethuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela iimeko ezinzulu ngaphambi kokuba zibe nzima.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo se-silicosis?

Ukuba une-silicosis, uqikelelo lwesifo luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ukuba ingakanani i-silica oye wayichanabeka kuyo, ixesha oye wayichanabeka ngalo, ubudala bakho, nokuba unezinye izifo, kunye nokuba uza kuqhubeka na uchanabeka kwi-silica.

Le meko inokuba yinto embi ngakumbi kwabo banesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"progressive massive fibrosis."

Ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-silicosis

Abantu abane-silicosis basengozini enkulu yokuba nezi meko zilandelayo:

• Isifo sephepha kunye nezinye izifo.
• Umhlaza wemiphunga.
• Isifo sezintso esingapheliyo.
• I-bronchitis engapheliyo.
• Izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni ezifana neScleroderma, iRheumatoid arthritis, kunye neLupus.

Ngoko ke, ukuba i-silicosis ifunyenwe, kubalulekile ukuba uzazi nezinye iimeko.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-silicosis?

Ukuba une-silicosis, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele:

• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo.
• Musa ukujongana nezinye izinto ezibangela ukurhawuzelelwa yimiphunga, ezifana nomsi ophuma komnye umntu kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa umoya.
• Fumana zonke izitofu ezicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.(umz. ugonyo lwe-pneumonia, ugonyo lwe-influenza)
• Ukuba usasebenza kwindawo apho kukho uthuli lwe-silica, sebenzisa izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo (PPE). Umzekelo, iimaski ze-N95 okanye ii-respirators. Iimaski zothuli eziqhelekileyo okanye izikhuselo zobuso azanele.
• Xa usebenza kwiindawo apho kukho uthuli lwe-silica, landela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, ezinje ngokugcina umoya ungena kakuhle kunye nokusebenzisa izinto zokufumisa uthuli ukuze unciphise uthuli.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba usebenza kwishishini elisebenzisa i-silica, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni. Ukuba ukhwehlela okanye uphefumla nzima, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba sele ufunyenwe une-silicosis, kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukuphefumla okunzima, okanye ukwehla kobunzima obungacwangciswanga , yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba i-silicosis ngumhlaza?

Hayi, i-silicosis ayilomhlaza. Ayibangeli ukuba iiseli zakho zikhule ngokungalawulekiyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-silicosis iyingozi yokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga .

Ngaba ukuzilolonga kuyanceda?

Ukuzilolonga kunokuba luncedo kumntu one-silicosis. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nesicwangciso sakho sokuzilolonga. Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary rehabilitation, eya kukunika imithambo kunye neengcebiso zokunceda ukuphucula ukuphefumla kwakho.

Ukuba ukhohlela kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla, kwaye usebenze nge-silica kunye nothuli oluhambelana nayo iminyaka, usenokuba ne-silicosis. Esi sifo semiphunga sibi kakhulu, kwaye akukho nyango. Nangona kunjalo, sinokunyangwa. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afunekayo ukuze uhlale usempilweni.

Umyalezo oya ekhaya

Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono isifo esithetha ngaso namhlanje esibizwa ngokuba yi-silicosis. Khumbula, esi sisifo esidla ngokubangelwa ngumsebenzi kwaye sonakalisa imiphunga.

• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukhuseleko. Ukuba wenza umsebenzi onobungozi, sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo kwaye ulandele imigaqo yokhuseleko emsebenzini.
• Lumka ngeempawu. Musa ukuzityeshela izinto ezinje ngokukhohlela okungapheliyo kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, bonana nogqirha uze uhlolwe.
• Nokuba ufunyaniswe une-silicosis, ungenza ubomi bube lula ngokuphepha ukutshaya, ukulandela iingcebiso zonyango, nokuzinyamekela kakuhle .

Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kuba luncedo kuwe nakubantu obathandayo. Hlala usempilweni nonke!

I- Silicosis, isifo semiphunga, i-silica, uthuli, ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, isifo somsebenzi, i-pulmonary fibrosis