Kwenzeka ntoni kwintloko xa ubetheka entloko? Masithethe ngeSkull Fracture ngokulula.

Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, kuqhelekile ukuba kubekho iingozi ezincinci kunye nokuwa. Ingakumbi kumakhaya anabantwana abancinci, xa bedlala, bebaleka, okanye betsiba, banokuqhuma kancinci entloko. Ngamaxesha anjalo, siziva soyika kakhulu, sicinga, 'Owu, kukho into eyenzekileyo kumntwana wam? Andazi ukuba wenzakele entloko kakhulu na.' Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuqhuma entloko okunje kunokubangela umonakalo entloko. Le yenye yeemeko esiza kuthetha ngazo namhlanje, oko kukuthi, ukwaphuka kwentloko .

Yintoni i-Skull Fracture?

Ngamafutshane, ukwaphuka kwentloko kukuqhekeka kwethambo elikhuselayo elijikeleze ubuchopho bethu, i-skull . Olu luhlobo lokulimala entloko. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa intloko ibethwa kakhulu, oko kukuthi, xa kukho uhlobo oluthile lomonakalo.

Uninzi lwezaphuko zentloko azincinci, oko kuthetha ukuba azidingi utyando. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba wenzakele entloko, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-911 okanye kwinombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni . Ezinye iinzaphuko zentloko zinokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke unyango lwangethuba lubalulekile ekufumaneni iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ukuba ukwenzakala kuchaphazele ingqondo yakho nangayiphi na indlela, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kunyangwe. Amanye amaqhekeza entloko ayaphola ngaphandle konyango, kodwa ugqirha uya kujonga ngokusondeleyo amaqhekeza ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki zimbi.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zezaphuko zentloko?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhekeka kwentloko. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

Ukuqhekeka komgca

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Lubonakala njengomgca omncinci kwipleyiti, njengomgca omncinci kwithambo lekhakayi. Luhlala luvela phezulu entloko, kumathambo angaphezu kweendlebe.

Ukuqhekeka okucinezelekileyo

Okwenzekayo kweli tyala kukuba iqhekeza lethambo elaphukileyo lityhalelwa ngaphakathi, oko kukuthi, lisiya ebuchotsheni . Lingena ngaphakathi, njengaxa itini yaphukile. Kusenokubakho iziqwenga ezininzi ezincinci eziqhekekileyo kweli tyala.

Ukuqhekeka kweBasal/Basilar

Oku kunzima kancinci. Amathambo aqhekekayo kweli tyala asezantsi kwekhakayi, ngasemva kobuso bethu, ngaphakathi, kwaye awabonakali kuthi ngaphandle .

Ukuqhekeka kwe-diastatic

Amathambo ekhakayi lethu adityaniswe yi-sutures (`Cranial sutures`). Eli ligama elinikwa ubukho bezi-sutures . Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni abancinci, kuba i-sutures zabo azikapholi ngokupheleleyo.

Uqhekeko oludibeneyo okanye oluntsonkothileyo

Ngamanye amaxesha uninzi lwezi ntlobo zingasentla zinokwenzeka kunye, okanye ziqhekeke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba zii-complex fractures.

Ukuqhekeka okuvaliweyo kunye nokuqhekeka okuvulekileyo

Kukho enye indlela ebalulekileyo yokuhlela la maqhekeza. Oko kukuthi, nokuba ulusu oluphezu kwala maqhekeza (i-`scalp`) lukrazukile okanye alukrazukile.

• Ukuqhekeka okuvaliweyo: Ukwenzakala akuphuli ulusu phezu kokuqhekeka. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo .
• Ukuqhekeka okuvulekileyo: Ukwenzakala kuphule ulusu phezu kwendawo yokuqhekeka, nto leyo edala inxeba. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kuvumele iintsholongwane ukuba zingene , nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?

Akukho zibalo zichanekileyo malunga nokwanda kwamalungu entloko. Nangona kunjalo, eMelika kuphela, kuxelwa ukuba kukho abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2.5 abatyelela amagumbi ongxamiseko minyaka le ngenxa yokwenzakala entloko (kuquka ukwaphuka kwamalungu entloko).

Zithini iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwentloko?

Iimpawu zokuphuka kwentloko zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuphuka kunye nendawo okwenzeka kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ungabona izinto ezinje:

• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu (ukuba mnyama, ukuba bomvu) kwindawo yokwenzakala.
• Ukubonakala okufana nokudumba okanye okufana neqhuma entloko.
• Imivumbo ejikeleze inxeba, ejikeleze amehlo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Raccoon eyes') okanye ngasemva kweendlebe ('uphawu lwemfazwe') .
• Ulwelo olucacileyo (olu lusenokuba lulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF)) oluphuma empumlweni okanye endlebeni.
• Ukuqhekeka okuvulekileyo kuxa igazi liphuma enxebeni, empumlweni, okanye endlebeni.

Zithini ke ngoko iimpawu?

Uphawu lokuqala yintloko ebuhlungu . Abantu abaninzi banale ntlungu.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukwenzakala kuchaphazela ingqondo, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukudideka.
• Intetho engacacanga.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukubona okanye ukungaboni kakuhle.
• Ukulahlekelwa luvakalelo kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba.
• Ubunzima ngokulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa.
• Ukudinwa.

Zithini izizathu zokuqhekeka kwentloko?

Ithambo liyaphuka xa kusetyenziswa amandla amakhulu kakhulu ukuba ithambo lingakwazi ukumelana nawo. Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo apho ukhakhayi lunokuqhekeka khona:

• Ukwenzakala okubangelwe kukungqubana (ukubetheka into entloko, okanye ukubetheka entloko ndaweni ithile). Khawuthelekelele umntwana ewa ebhedini okanye esitulweni ngelixa edlala.
• Ukuwa .
• Iingozi zezithuthi .
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo .
• Ubundlobongela bomntu ngenxa yeengxabano zomntu .

Ngubani osengozini enkulu?

Abantwana abancinci basengozini enkulu kuba iintloko zabo azikakhuli ngokupheleleyo kwaye zincinci. Kwakhona, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala basengozini enkulu kuba bawa rhoqo. Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi enobungozi efana nemidlalo yokudibanisa, usengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kwentloko.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa ukhakhayi lwaphukile?

Ukuphuka kwentloko kunokubangela iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• Ukopha igazi kwiithishu ezingaphakathi kwengqondo (i-intracranial hemorrhage).
• Ukonakala kwengqondo, ukudumba kwamalungu omzimba.
• Amahlwili egazi (`i-Venous sinus thrombosis`).
• Utshintsho kwinkangeleko (ingakumbi xa uqhekeke ngenxa yokudandatheka).
• Iintsholongwane (ezifana ne-meningitis).
• Iimeko ezifana nokukhubazeka komzimba.
• Ukuxhuzula, okufana nokuxhuzula.

Ezinye zezi ngxaki zinokuba yingozi ebomini, yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba ufune iingcebiso zonyango kwangoko emva kokwenzakala entloko.

Uyibona njani le nto?

Ugqirha uya kuqinisekisa oku, ngesiqhelo kwigumbi likaxakeka. Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba aze emva koko enze uvavanyo lomfanekiso, olufana ne-CT (Computed Tomography) scan . I-CT scan ingabonisa ngokucacileyo amathambo entloko yakho. Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwe-neurological luya kwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba ukwenzakala kuyichaphazele njani ingqondo yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha i-MRI scan inokuba luncedo.

Iphathwa njani?

Uninzi lwezaphuko zentloko azidingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo, ingakumbi ukuba ukwenzakala kusentloko. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze ujongwe.

Akukho nyango lukhethekileyo lwe-'linear fracture' , iyaziphilisa yodwa. Ngelixa usesibhedlele, iqela elikukhathalelayo liza kujonga iingxaki ezifana 'nokuxhuzula'. Ukuba ziyenzeka, ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza 'okuthintela ukuxhuzula'.

Emva kokwenzakala, ungasebenzisa amayeza entlungu okwethutyana ukukunceda uzive ungcono. Ngamanye amaxesha, into efana ne-acetaminophen (iParacetamol) inokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi unyango lwentlungu olulungele wena. Ukuba kukho ukudumba, ukusebenzisa umkhenkce nako kunokunceda kakhulu .

Unyango lwamathambo aqhekekileyo anjenge-`Basal`, `Depressed` kunye ne-`Diastatic` luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bengozi, kwaye lungabandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuphumla intloko yakho iphakanyisiwe (ulele phantsi intloko yakho ibekwe phezu kwemiqamelo).
• Ukususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo lwe-cerebrospinal (ugqirha ukwenza oku ngokufaka inaliti encinci emqolo wakho ongezantsi).
• Kwizaphuko ezivulekileyo, kwenziwa utyando lokulungisa amathambo ekhakayi, ukuwabuyisela endaweni yawo, kunye nokuthunga ulusu phezu kwenxeba (`Suture`) .

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?

Ixesha elithathwayo ukuze ukwaphuka kwentloko kuphole liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima bokwaphuka. Kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuba amathambo akho aphiliswe ngokupheleleyo .

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuqhekeka kwentloko? Yintoni onokuyilindela?

Xa ukhakhayi luqhekekile, kufuneka uqwalaselwe ngenyameko ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki.Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile malunga nendlela yokuzinyamekela ekhaya. Oku kungabandakanya: ukuphumla ume nkqo, ukutshintsha ibhandeji enxebeni, kunye nokuphepha ukuphefumla impumlo yakho ngamandla ukuba ii-sinus zakho zonakele.

Ziphephe izinto ezifuna amandla de ukhakhayi lwakho luphole . Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo kuya kukunceda uphole kwaye uphile ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba wenzakele ngendlela echaphazela inkangeleko yakho, nokuba kukuqhekeka okuxinezelekileyo okanye ithambo elaphukileyo, utyando lokwakha umzimba lunokunceda ukubuyisela inkangeleko yakho nokukhulisa ukuzithemba kwakho.

Iingxaki azixhaphakanga, kodwa zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi ukuba ukwaphuka kuchaphazela ingqondo.

Ngaba le meko inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ingqikelelo yakho ixhomekeke kubukhulu bokwenzakala, ubudala bakho, kunye nempilo yakho ngokubanzi. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola ngokupheleleyo emva kokuphuka kwentloko . Iingxaki ezihlala ixesha elide azixhaphakanga.

Phakathi kwabantwana, ama-80% ukuya kuma-90% eengozi ezixeliweyo entloko azincinci . Ukuphuka kwentloko okusongela ubomi okufuna utyando akuqhelekanga kangako.

Ungafumana iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo malunga nemeko yakho kugqirha wakho.

Ngaba ukwaphuka kwentloko kungathintelwa?

Kakade ke, ayizizo zonke iingozi zentloko ezinokuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ungazikhusela kwiingozi ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Ukunxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela xa udlala imidlalo okanye usenza umsebenzi onobungozi.
• Ukunxiba ibhanti xa ukhwela imoto.
• Ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa uqhuba ibhayisekile, i-ATV/UTV, okanye ibhayisekile.

Kufuneka uye nini esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza?

Ukuba wenzakele entloko, fowunela ku-1990 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) . Fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba kukho igazi okanye ulwelo oluphuma empumlweni okanye ezindlebeni.
• Ukuba uziva udidekile okanye ungazi nto.
• Ukuba kunzima ukuhlala uphaphile.
• Ukuba unentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Gqirha, loluphi uhlobo lokwaphuka kwentloko yam?"
• "Luhlobo luni lweyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu endingalithathayo?"
• "Ngaba ndifuna utyando?"
• "Ufuna ndihlale esibhedlele ukuze ndijongwe?"
• "Ndingazinyamekela njani xa ndifika ekhaya?"

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo

Ngoko ke, ungabona ukuba ukhakhayi lwethu yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yengqondo yethu eyikhuselayo. Ukuba wenzakele entloko, inokuchaphazela kwaye yonakalise ingqondo. Ngoko ke, ukuba wenzakele entloko, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko . Ugqirha uza kukunika unyango olufunayo, okanye ajonge ukwenzakala ukuze abone ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki.

Nawe unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwentloko ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokhuseleko, njengokunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ibhayisekile, kunye nokunxiba ibhanti yesihlalo xa ukhwela imoto. Ungalibali, ukhuseleko luza kuqala!

Ukhakhayi , ukwaphuka kwentloko, ukwenzakala entloko, umonakalo wobuchopho, ingozi, ukwaphuka kwentloko, ukwaphuka kwentloko