Sonke siyalithanda ilanga. Xa ilanga elincinci lisibetha eluswini kusasa, livakala kamnandi kakhulu. Siziva simhle xa ulusu lwethu 'lukhanya' okanye lubonakala lukhazimla. Kodwa ngaba ilanga liyitshomi yethu esenyongweni ngokwenene? Ngaba siyazi ngokwenene umonakalo onokwenziwa yile mitha yelanga esiyithandayo eluswini lwethu? Isenokuba yingozi ngaphezu kokuba sicinga.
Ilanga lichaphazela njani ulusu lwethu?
Sicinga ukuba imibimbi nokwaluphala zizinto eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba isizathu esiphambili sokubonakala kokwaluphala kobuso bethu, njengemibimbi namabala, kukuvezwa lilanga? Cinga ngale ndlela: umntu oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala okhusela ulusu lwakhe elangeni unokubonakala eselula njengomntu oneminyaka engama-30 ubudala!
Ngamafutshane, imitha yelanga ye-ultraviolet (UV) yonakalisa ulusu lwethu ngokuthe ngqo. Ulusu lwethu lunohlobo oluthile lwefayibha ebizwa ngokuba yi-elastin . Cinga ngazo njengeebhanti zerabha. Ezi fayibha ze-elastin zezona zigcina ulusu lwethu luqinile, luthambile, kwaye lusempilweni. Xa sichatshazelwa lilanga ixesha elide, le mitha ye-UV iyawaphula kancinci la mafayibha e-elastin. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Ulusu luqala ukugoba kwaye lushwabane. Ulusu nalo luba buthathaka kakhulu, kwaye luthanda ukwenzakala okanye ukukrwelwa yinto encinci. La manxeba athatha ixesha elide ukuphola.
Xa usemncinci , umonakalo owenziwa lilanga kulusu lwakho usenokungabonakali. Kodwa njengoko ukhula, imiphumo yalo monakalo ngokuqinisekileyo iya kubonakala.
| Utshintsho olunokwenzeka kulusu ngenxa yelanga |
|---|
| - Izilonda ezingaphambi komhlaza kunye nomhlaza wolusu. |
| - Ukuvela kweethumba ezingenobungozi. |
| - Ukwakheka kwemibimbi emincinci nerhabaxa. |
| - Amabala kunye nokutshintsha umbala kwamabala. |
| - Ukutyheli kolusu (Ubuthuntu). |
| - Imithambo yegazi emincinci phezu kolusu (i-Telangiectasias). |
| - Ulusu olugobileyo (i-Elastosis) ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-elastin kunye nezicubu ze-collagen. |
Yintoni umhlaza wolusu?
Umhlaza wolusu lolunye lwezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza emhlabeni. Ngamafutshane, umhlaza wolusu kuxa iiseli zolusu ziqala ukukhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye zingalawuleki . Oku kubangela ukuba iiseli zihlangane kwaye zenze iithumba. Ezinye zezi zinokuba zingenabungozi (ezingenabungozi) okanye ezinobungozi (ezinomhlaza).
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zomhlaza wolusu:
1. I-basal cell carcinoma
2. I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3. I-Melanoma
Iintlobo ezimbini zokuqala zomhlaza wolusu, i-basal cell carcinomas kunye ne-squamous cell carcinomas , zibangela i-95% yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza wolusu. Ezi azinabungozi kangako kwaye zinokunyangeka phantse ngokupheleleyo ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba.
Kodwa i-melanoma yeyona iyingozi kwaye ibulalayo kwezi zintathu . Ivela kwiiseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-melanocytes, ezinika ulusu lwethu umbala walo. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, lo mhlaza unokusasazeka uye kwezinye izitho ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni, ezifana nesibindi, imiphunga, kunye nengqondo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngale nto.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Nangona nabani na enokuba nomhlaza wolusu, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Kwabo banesikhumba esitsha lula, esikhanyayo okanye esinamabala .
- Kwabo banamehlo akhanyayo (luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza).
- Kwabo baneenwele ezimthubi okanye ezibomvu .
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nomhlaza wolusu ngaphambili.
- Kwabo basebenza ngaphandle kakhulu (umz., abalimi, abasebenzi bokwakha).
- Ukuba nditshiswe lilanga kakhulu ndisengumntwana, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokuba ndibe neminyaka eli-18 ubudala (oku kwandisa umngcipheko we-melanoma ).
- UlusuKwabo baneempawu zokuzalwa ezingaphezu kwama-30 ezinkulu okanye ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba abantu abafana nathi abanesikhumba esimnyama nabo banokuba nomhlaza wesikhumba. Nangona umngcipheko uphantsi, kusabalulekile ukuba silumke.
Zithini iimpawu ezisisilumkiso? Sizibona njani?
Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwesilumkiso somhlaza wolusu kukutshintsha kolusu . Isenokuba yi-mole entsha, iqhuma, okanye utshintsho kwi-mole ekhoyo.
- I-Basal Cell Carcinoma: Ingabonakala njengeqhubu elincinci, elifana ne-pearl, elifana ne-wax ebusweni, ezindlebeni, okanye entanyeni, okanye njengebala elithe tyaba, elipinki, elibomvu, okanye elimdaka emzimbeni, ezingalweni, okanye emilenzeni.
- I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Isenokubonakala njengeqhubu eliqinileyo, elibomvu, okanye njengendawo ethe tyaba erhabaxa, enamaxolo, ephuma igazi, okanye enamaxolo.
- I-Melanoma: Idla ngokuqala njengebala elimnyama okanye iqhuma. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ingaba bomvu okanye imhlophe. Nangona ibukeka njengebala lokuzalwa eliqhelekileyo, ayiqhelekanga ngokwemilo, umbala, kunye nobukhulu.
Kukho indlela elula ebizwa ngokuba ngumthetho we-ABCDE enokukunceda uchonge i-melanoma. Gcina oku engqondweni xa ujonga ulusu lwakho rhoqo.
| Umthetho we-ABCDE | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ulungelelwaniso | Ukuba indawo yahlulwe phakathi, elinye icala aliyi kufana nelinye. |
| Umyalelo we -B (umda) | Umphetho we-mole awuqhelekanga, awucacanga, kwaye unembonakalo engacacanga. |
| Umbala | Ukubakho kwemibala eyahlukeneyo, efana nomdaka, omnyama, obomvu, omhlophe, okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwindawo enye. |
| Ububanzi | Ubukhulu be-mole bukhulu kuneemilimitha ezi-6 (malunga nobukhulu be-pensile raser). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nayiphi na i-mole iba nkulu, kufuneka ubone ugqirha. |
| Ukuvela | Utshintsho kumbala, kwimilo, okanye kubukhulu bendawo ebikhona ngaphambili. Kuqala ukurhawuzelela okanye ukopha okutsha. |
Ugqirha uyixilonga aze ayinyange njani le nto?
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo eluswini lwakho, bonana nogqirha wesikhumba ngoko nangoko . Ugqirha uza kuqala athathe isampuli encinci yezicubu kwindawo apho ulusu lwakho lutshintshe khona. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy . Kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia, ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu. Emva koko isampuli iya kuhlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukubona ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza.
Indlela yonyango imiselwa ngokuthathela ingqalelo izinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza onawo, ubungakanani bawo, indawo ohlala kuyo, kunye nezinto ozithandayo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
- Ukususwa kwesisu okuyintloko: Umhlaza kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikeleze wona zisuswa ngotyando.
- Utyando lweMohs: Utyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwa kubantu abanomhlaza onobungozi obukhulu.
- Utyando lweCryosurgery: Into ebanda kakhulu, efana ne-nitrogen engamanzi, isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
- Iikhrimu zokuthambisa: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika iikhrimu ezikhethekileyo ezibulala iiseli zomhlaza.
- Unyango olunzima ngakumbi, olufana ne -chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation, lunokufuneka kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi ezifana ne-melanoma.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukuze sizikhusele kumhlaza wolusu?
Umonakalo owenziwe lilanga awunakulungiswa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ulusu lunokuzilungisa ngokwalo ngandlela ithile, ingakumbi ukuba siqhubeka nokuzikhusela elangeni. Ke ngoko, akukabi lixesha lokuqalisa ukuzikhusela elangeni .
- Sebenzisa i-sunscreen: Khetha i-sunscreen ene-wide-spectrum ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu . Faka ubuncinane imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuba uphume elangeni. Phinda ufake i-sunscreen rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini ukuba ubila okanye udada.
- Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela: Nxiba impahla enemikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde kangangoko unako. Umnqwazi obanzi ukhusela ubuso nentamo kakuhle.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga:Sebenzisa iiglasi zelanga ezikhusela kwimitha ye-UV.
- Kuphephe ilanga elirhabaxa: Nciphisa ukuvezwa lilanga elirhabaxa, ingakumbi phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa kunye neye-2 emva kwemini .
- Zihlolele ulusu lwakho: Ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga, yima phambi kwesibuko uze uhlolisise ulusu lwakho ngononophelo ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni. Khangela amabala amatsha, amaqhuma, okanye utshintsho kwiindawo ezikhoyo.
- Khusela abantwana bakho: Ulusu lwabantwana luthambile kakhulu. Njengabazali, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba bakhuselekile elangeni kwaye sibafundise imikhwa emihle kwasebuntwaneni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ilanga yeyona nto ibangela ukwaluphala kolusu ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nomhlaza wolusu.
- Zihlole ulusu lwakho ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga. Khumbula umthetho we-ABCDE kwaye uqaphele naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga.
- Ukuba ubona amabala, iziqwenga, okanye utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo eluswini lwakho, musa ukoyika okanye ungalunaki, kodwa bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Uninzi lomhlaza wolusu lunokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo xa lubonwa kwangethuba. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuthintela kukusebenzisa i-sunscreen kunye nokunxiba impahla yokuzikhusela.
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