Sonke siyalithanda ilanga, akunjalo? Kumnandi ukuziva ufudumele kancinci uze ufumane i-vitamin D. Kodwa ngaba ubudlelwane bethu nelanga buhlala bulungile? Enyanisweni, eyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuba ulusu lwethu lubonakale ludala, imibimbi ivele, kwaye kuvele amabala kungenxa yokuchatshazelwa lilanga ngokungalawulekiyo. Khawuthelekelele, ulusu lomntu oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala olukhusela ulusu lwakhe elangeni lunokubonakala luselula njengolusu lomntu oneminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyonakalisa njani ulusu lwethu?
Sicinga ukuba ulusu luyatshintsha njengoko sikhula. Kodwa eneneni, uninzi lwalo tshintsho lubangelwa yimitha ye-ultraviolet (UV) evela elangeni. Xa sichatshazelwa yile mitha ye-UV ixesha elide, uhlobo lwefayibha eluswini lwethu olubizwa ngokuba yi-elastin luyawohloka. Ezi zezona zinto ziphambili ezigcina ulusu luthambile kwaye luselula. Njengoko le micu iqhekeka, ulusu luqala ukugoba nokwelula. Ulusu lukwagruzuka lula, lukrweleka lula, kwaye luthatha ixesha elide ukuphola.
Ngoko ke, nokuba awuboni monakalo welanga xa usemncinci, ngokuqinisekileyo uyavela njengoko ukhula.
Jonga itheyibhile engezantsi ukuze ufumane ulwazi ngomonakalo onokwenziwa kukukhanya kwelanga kulusu.
| Uhlobo lomonakalo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Iimeko zangaphambi komhlaza kunye nezomhlaza | Amabala anomhlaza nangaphambi kokuba abe nomhlaza abangelwa kukuncipha kwamandla okuzikhusela eluswini. Umzekelo: (Actinic Keratosis), (Basal Cell Carcinoma). |
| Imibimbi | Imibimbi emincinci nenzulu eluswini. |
| Amaqhuqhuva | Amabala amdaka (amaFreckles) kunye nombala wolusu ongalinganiyo (iMottled Pigmentation). |
| I-Elastosis | Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu ze-elastic kunye ne-collagen, nto leyo ebangela ukugoba kolusu. |
| IiTelangiectasias | Imithambo yegazi emincinci phezu kolusu iqala ukubonakala ngokucacileyo. |
Yintoni umhlaza wolusu? Zithini izizathu zawo?
Ngamafutshane, umhlaza wolusu kukukhula okungaqhelekanga nokungalawulekiyo kweeseli zolusu. Oku kukhula kweeseli kukhokelela ekwakhiweni kweethumba. Ezinye zezi zinokuba yingozi, oko kuthetha ukuba azingomhlaza. Kodwa ezinye zinokuba yingozi, oko kuthetha ukuba zingumhlaza.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zomhlaza wolusu:
1. I-basal cell carcinoma
2. I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3. I-Melanoma
Kwezi, i-basal cell carcinomas kunye ne-squamous cell carcinomas zezona zixhaphakileyo. Ezi zihlala zingengobungozi kangako kwaye zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba zifunyenwe kwaye zinyangwe kwangethuba.
Nangona kunjalo, i-melanoma yeyona iyingozi kwaye inzima kakhulu kwezi. Lo mhlaza ukhula kwiiseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-melanocytes, ezinika umbala eluswini. Ukuba awunyangwa kakuhle, unokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kwaye ude ube yingozi ebomini.
Eyona nto ibangela umhlaza wolusu yimitha ye-ultraviolet (UV) evela elangeni. Imitha ye-UV evela kwiibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba, apho uhlawula khona ukuze ufumane i-tan, inobungozi obufanayo.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wolusu?
Nangona nabani na enokuba nomhlaza wolusu , abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Kwabo banesikhumba esitsha lula, esikhanyayo okanye esinamabala .
- Kwabo banamehlo akhanyayo kunye neenwele ezibomvu okanye ezimthubi .
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nomhlaza wolusu ngaphambili.
- Kwabo basebenza elangeni (umz. abalimi, abalobi beentlanzi, abasebenzi bokwakha).
- Ukuba ukhe watshiswa lilanga kakhulu usengumntwana , oko kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza we-melanoma .
- Kwabo banamabala angaphezu kwama-30 amakhulu okanye angafaniyo emzimbeni .
Khumbula, nangona umngcipheko uphantsi kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama njengesethu, sisenokufumana zonke ezi ntlobo zomhlaza. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu anyamekele ulusu lwakhe.
Singalunyamekela njani ulusu lwethu? Jonga ezi mpawu.
Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwesilumkiso somhlaza wolusu kukutshintsha kolusu. Isenokuba yi-mole entsha, ukukhula, okanye utshintsho kwi-mole ekhoyo.
- I-Basal Cell Carcinoma: Isenokubonakala njengeqhubu elincinci, eligudileyo, elifana neperile okanye elifana nencindi ebusweni, ezindlebeni, okanye entanyeni.
- I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Isenokubonakala njengeqhubu elibomvu, eliqinileyo okanye indawo erhabaxa, enamaxolo, nethe tyaba ephuma igazi.
- I-Melanoma: Ihlala ibonakala njengebala okanye iqhubu elinombala (omdaka, omnyama), kodwa ngamanye amaxesha linokuba bomvu okanye limhlophe.
Indlela elula yokunceda ukuchonga i-melanoma ngumthetho we-ABCDE . Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga ne-mole eluswini lwakho, jonga la manqaku.
| Umthetho we-ABCDE | Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele |
|---|---|
| Ulungelelwaniso | Ukuba uhlulahlula indawo phakathi, omabini amacala aya kufana phantse. |
| Umyalelo we -B (umda) | Umphetho wendawo uba ngongaqhelekanga, ongacacanga, kwaye ungacaci. |
| Umbala | Ibala alingombala omnye kuyo yonke indawo, kodwa ngumxube wemibala eliqela efana nomdaka, omnyama, obomvu, omhlophe, okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Ububanzi | Ubungakanani be-mole bukhulu kuneemilimitha ezi-6 (ubukhulu be-eraser yepensile).Kodwa ugqirha kufuneka aziswe ngayo nayiphi na i-mole ekhula ibe nkulu kunesiqhelo. |
| Ukuvela | Ibala litshintsha umbala, imo, okanye ubungakanani ngokuhamba kwexesha, okanye lirhawuzelele okanye liphume igazi. |
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olunjalo eluswini lwakho, nceda ungalubethi ngoyaba. Bonana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuchonga nonyango lomhlaza wesikhumba
Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unomhlaza wolusu kukwenza i-biopsy. Oku kulula kakhulu. Ugqirha uza kuyivala indawo ekrokrisayo yolusu lwakho, athathe iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili apho, aze alithumele kwilebhu. Emva koko liyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo.
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kuhlobo, ubungakanani, indawo yomhlaza, kunye neminqweno yomguli.
- Kwimihlaza engeyiyo i-melanoma: Kusetyenziswa unyango olufana nokususwa kwesikhumba, ukuhlinzwa kolusu kunye notyando lwe-electrosurgery, utyando lwe-cryosurgery, kunye ne-topical chemotherapy.
- Kwi-melanoma: Ukususwa kotyando olubanzi, ukususwa komhlaza kunye nomda wezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikeleze wona, ukujonga ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-chemotherapy.
Ngoko ke, sizikhusela njani kweli langa?
Umonakalo owenziwe lilanga awunakulungiswa ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ulusu lunokuzilungisa ngokwalo ngandlela ithile, ingakumbi ukuba siqhubeka nokuzikhusela elangeni. Ngoko ke, akukabi lixesha lokuba uqale ukuzikhusela.
- Sebenzisa i-sunscreen efanelekileyo: Faka i-sunscreen elungileyo ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuba uphume elangeni. Phinda ufake i-sunscreen rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini ukuba ubila okanye udada.
- Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela: Nxiba impahla enemikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde kangangoko unako. Umnqwazi obanzi unokukhusela ubuso bakho nentamo yakho.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezine-UV ekhuselekileyo.
- Kuphephe ukuvezwa lilanga elinamandla phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10:00 kusasa kunye neye-2:00 emva kwemini kangangoko unako. Kulapho ke imisebe ye-UV inamandla khona.
- Jonga ulusu lwakho ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga. Yiya phambi kwesibuko uze ujonge yonke indawo emzimbeni wakho, phantsi kweengalo zakho, phantsi kwemilenze yakho, nasemva kweenwele zakho ukuze ubone naziphi na iindawo ezintsha okanye utshintsho.
- Njengabazali, khuselani abantwana benu elangeni.Ukuvezwa lilanga ngexesha lobuntwana kwenza i-80% yokuvezwa lilanga lilonke ebomini babo. Ngoko ke, faka le mikhwa ebantwaneni besebancinci.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Eyona nto ibangela umhlaza wolusu kukungakhuseleki elangeni. Akukabi lixesha lokuzikhusela.
- Sebenzisa i-SPF 30+ sunscreen rhoqo xa uphuma ngaphandle. Nxiba iminqwazi kunye nempahla yokuzikhusela.
- Zihlole ulusu lwakho ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga. Khumbula umthetho we-ABCDE.
- Ukuba ubona ibala elitsha eluswini lwakho, utshintsho kwindawo ekhoyo, okanye nantoni na ekrokrisayo, musa ukuyityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunokukhokelela kunyango oluphumelelayo.
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