Wonke umntu uyoyika kancinci xa esiva ngotyando kwiindawo ezifana nomqala, umva womlomo, okanye isiseko solwimi, akunjalo? Kodwa ngoku ubuchwepheshe buhambele phambili kakhulu. Kukho indlela yokwenza olu hlobo lotyando emlonyeni, ngaphandle kokwenza imingxunya emikhulu entanyeni nasemhlathini njengangaphambili. Le ndlela yamva nje, eyenziwa ngoncedo lwerobhothi, ibizwa ngokuba yiTORS, emele iTransoral Robotic Surgery. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-TORS?
I-TORS yinkqubo apho ugqirha otyandayo esebenzisa inkqubo yekhompyutha ukulawula iingalo zerobhothi. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ikhamera encinci kunye nezixhobo zotyando zifakwa ngomlomo wakho kwaye ziye entanyeni yakho. Ugqirha ulawula iingalo zerobhothi kwikhonsoli yekhompyutha ngelixa ejonga umbono ocacileyo we-3D kwikhamera.
Ezi ngalo zerobhothi zifana nolwandiso lwezandla zikagqirha. Kodwa zenzelwe ukuba zibe buthathaka, zizinzile, kwaye ziguquguquke kunesandla somntu. Oku kuzivumela ukuba zisuse amathumba anomhlaza ngaphakathi emlonyeni, njengalawo asemphinjeni nakwisiseko solwimi, aqhele ukuba nzima ukuwafikelela, ngaphandle kokwenza naluphi na utyando ngaphandle. Eyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu koku yi-"da Vinci® Surgical System".
Ngaphambili, ukuze ususe ithumba kule ndawo, bekufuneka wenze i-mandibulotomy (inkqubo yotyando equka ukusika ithambo lomhlathi ongezantsi). Yayilutyando olunzima kakhulu oluthathe malunga neeyure ezili-10-12 kwaye luthathe ixesha elide ukuphola. Ngenxa ye-TORS, loo nkqubo inzima ngoku isusiwe kakhulu.
Zeziphi iimeko ezinyangwa ngotyando lwe-TORS?
Nangona utyando lwe-TORS lusetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaza wentloko nentamo, ngoku lusetyenziswa kakhulu nakwiimeko ezingezizo zomhlaza.
| Uhlobo lwemeko yezonyango | Imizekelo kunye neenkcazo |
|---|---|
| Umhlaza weNtloko kunye neNtlalo | |
| Umhlaza womlomo | Umhlaza owenzeka ngasemva komphimbo, ingakumbi ezantsi kolwimi okanye kwiitoni. Umhlaza onxulumene ne-HPV uxhaphakile phakathi kwezi. |
| Umhlaza we-Hypopharyngeal | Umhlaza owenzeka kwinxalenye esezantsi yomqala, ngaphantsi kwengxolo. |
| Umhlaza weLaryngeal | Umhlaza owenzeka kwi-larynx (ibhokisi yelizwi), ovelisa ilizwi lakho. |
| Iimeko Ezingezizo Zomhlaza | |
| Izimila kunye neengxenyana ezingezizo umhlaza | Iithumba ezingeyongozi kunye nee-cysts ezizaliswe lulwelo emlonyeni. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kokulala | Njengonyango lwemeko apho ukuphefumla kuba nzima ngenxa yokuvaleka kwendlela yomoya ngexesha lokulala. |
| I-tonsillitis yolwimi | Ukudumba kunye nosulelo lweetoni ezikwisiseko solwimi. |
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu tyando?
Utyando lwe-TORS alulungelanga wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo na kulo msebenzi. Baza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, kuquka impilo yakho iyonke, ulwakhiwo lwentloko nentamo yakho, kunye nobungakanani bomhlaza .
Olu tyando alukhuthazwa ngabantu abanezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangangokuba awunakususwa ngotyando.
- Ukuba i-anesthesia iyingozi ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ukuba kunzima ukufaka izixhobo ngenxa yokuba umlomo umncinci kakhulu okanye ngenxa yesinye isizathu.
- Ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokopha kakhulu ngexesha lotyando.
Ugqirha okuxilongayo uya kukucebisa kuphela i-TORS ukuba uqinisekile ukuba lolona nyango lukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo kuwe, emva kokuqwalasela konke oku.
Indlela okwenziwa ngayo utyando kunye nexesha lokuchacha
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Ugqirha wakho uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana neeskeni ukuze acwangcise utyando lwakho. Kusenokufuneka ubonane nogqirha wezifo zolwimi lokuthetha ukuze akuncede ulawule ubunzima bokuginya emva kotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika nemiyalelo yokuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli emva kobusuku ngaphambi kotyando kunye nokuyeka amayeza athile, afana ne-blood thinners .
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Utyando lwenziwa ngelixa ulaliswe ngokupheleleyo (ulele). Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu. Ugqirha uza kufaka ikhamera yerobhothi kunye nezixhobo emlonyeni wakho aze abukele kwiscreen sekhompyutha ukuze asuse umhlaza ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokwenziwa umngxuma omncinci entanyeni ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph entanyeni kwaye "kususwe intamo" ukuze kususwe ezinye iindawo ze-lymph .
Utyando ngokwalo luthatha malunga neeyure eziyi-1.5 - 2, kwaye yonke inkqubo ingathabatha malunga neeyure ezi-4-5.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Le yenye yezona nzuzo zinkulu ze-TORS. Ngokwesiqhelo ungaya ekhaya emva kweentsuku ezi-2-3 esibhedlele. Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
- Kusenokuba nomphimbo obuhlungu kunye nobunzima bokuginya malunga neeveki ezi-2-3 emva kotyando.
- Ngeli xesha, unokufuna ukunikwa isondlo osifunayo, kwaye unokufuna ukuba ufake ityhubhu yokutyisa yesikhashana ngempumlo yakho.
- Ukuchacha kwahlukile kumntu wonke, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukumamela umzimba wakho kwaye uzinike ixesha lokuchacha.
Ziziphi iingenelo eziphambili zotyando lwe-TORS?
Zininzi iingenelo ze-TORS xa kuthelekiswa notyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko.
- Ukuchaneka okuphezulu: Ngenxa yokuba ingalo yerobhothi ithambile kakhulu, inokususa iiseli zomhlaza kuphela ngocoselelo olukhulu, inciphisa umonakalo kwizicubu eziphilileyo ezingqongileyo.
- Ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza nokuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele: Nangona ubuhlala esibhedlele iiveki ezi-1-2, ngoku ungagoduka kwiintsuku ezi-2-3.
- Akukho zikrweqe zibonakalayo: Ekubeni utyando lwenziwa ngaphakathi emlonyeni, akukho zikrweqe zinkulu entanyeni okanye ebusweni.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinciphileyo: Umngcipheko wokopha kakhulu, iingxaki zexesha elide zokuthetha nokuginya ziphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukuncipha kwesidingo sonyango olongezelelweyo: Oku kunokunciphisa okanye kuphelise ngokupheleleyo ubungakanani bemitha okanye i-chemotherapy efunekayo emva kotyando.
Iingozi kunye nexesha lokubona ugqirha
Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, ii-TORS zinemingcipheko ethile. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziphantsi kakhulu kunezo zivulekileyo. Kukho iingozi ezithile, ezinje ngokopha kakhulu (ukopha), ukufunxa ukutya okanye ulwelo emiphungeni, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Ezi ngozi zincitshiswa ngakumbi ngugqirha onamava.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kotyando lwakho, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Iimpawu zosulelo ezifana nomkhuhlane.
- Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ezifana nomlomo owomileyo kunye nomchamo omnyama.
- Ukopha kwindawo yotyando.
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye ukuginya.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
- Ukudumba okungaqhelekanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-TORS yindlela yanamhlanje yotyando lwerobhothi engangenisi mandla esetyenziselwa ukususa umhlaza ngasemva komqala nasemlonyeni.
- Ineengenelo ezininzi kunotyando lwesintu, kuquka ukuphola ngokukhawuleza, iintlungu ezincinci, kunye nokungabikho kwamanxeba angaphandle.
- Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ukuba olu tyando lukulungele na emva kokuhlola imeko yakho yempilo kunye nempilo yakho.
- Nangona ixesha lokuchacha lifutshane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo nokuxela naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ngoko nangoko.
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