Ukuba besinokubuza ukuba leliphi ilungu elibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu, uninzi lwabantu beluya kuthi intliziyo. Yiyo loo nto. Intliziyo yethu yimpompo emangalisayo esebenza ngokungayekiyo. Kungenxa yokuba le mpompo isebenza kakuhle ukuba igazi lihamba emzimbeni wonke kwaye lisigcine siphila. Kodwa ungakanani owaziyo ngamalungu amancinci, kodwa abaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kule ntliziyo? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngesango elibaluleke kakhulu entliziyweni, ivalvu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yivalvu ye-tricuspid.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le valve ye-tricuspid?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba unamagumbi amane endlwini yakho. Kukho iingcango ezikhokelela kwelinye igumbi ukuya kwelinye. Ezi ngcango kufuneka zivuleke kwaye zivalwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, imisebenzi yasekhaya iya kuba yingxaki. Intliziyo yethu inamagumbi amane aphambili. Amagumbi amabini aphezulu abizwa ngokuba yiAtria , kwaye amagumbi amabini asezantsi abizwa ngokuba yiVentricles .
Ivalvu ye-tricuspid yivalvu ekwicala lasekunene lentliziyo yethu, phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekunene) kunye negumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekunene). Ifana nocango oluvuleka kwicala elinye kuphela. Umsebenzi walo ophambili kukuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela kwaye lithintele igazi ukuba libuye umva. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiValvu ye-Atrioventricular yasekunene .
Kwenzeka ntoni ngale valve? Makhe sijonge ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni.
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, makhe sijonge indlela igazi elihamba ngayo entliziyweni. Kulula kakhulu.
1. Okokuqala, lonke igazi eliphelelwe yioksijini elisetyenziswa emizimbeni yethu liyaqokelelana lize lingene kwigumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekunene) kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo.
2. Xa eli gumbi lizele ligazi, ivalvu ye-tricuspid ivuleka njengocango.
3. Emva koko lonke eli gazi liphuma liye kwigumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekunene).
4. Ngoku ekubeni igumbi elingaphantsi lizele ligazi, licinezeleka nzima ukupompa igazi liye emiphungeni. Kutheni kufuneka ulithumele emiphungeni? Lizalise ngeoksijini kwakhona.
5. Kulapho ke into ebaluleke kakhulu ngevalvu ye-tricuspid yenzeka khona. Xa igumbi elisezantsi lifinyela ngokuqinileyo, igazi lizama ukubuyela kwigumbi eliphezulu. Kodwa ivalvu ye-tricuspid ivaleka ngokuqinileyo . Ifana nocango olutshixiweyo. Ngoko ke igazi alibuyeli, liya ngqo emiphungeni.
Ngaba uyaqonda? Umsebenzi ophambili wevalvu ye-tricuspid kukuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye (ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi) kwaye lithintele ukuba lihambe ngasemva. Isandi esithi "lub-dub" esisivayo xa sibeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sethu sibangelwa kukuvuleka nokuvalwa kwale valve.
Yenziwe ngantoni le valve?
Olu luyilo olumangalisayo kakhulu. Ivalvu ye-tricuspid yenziwe ngamaqhekeza amathathu amancinci, kodwa aqinileyo ezicubu. La maphecana siwabiza ngokuba yi-cusps.Ezi valve zintathu ziqhagamshelwe kwimisipha ye-papillary kwigumbi elisezantsi lentliziyo ngeefayibha ezibhityileyo neziqinileyo ezifana nentambo (chordae tendineae). Ezi valve zintathu zivuleka kwaye zivala kakuhle ngokubetha kwentliziyo nganye.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngevalvu ye-tricuspid?
Ngamanye amaxesha le valve ingasebenzi kakuhle. Xa oku kusenzeka, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. Igazi lisenokungahambi kakuhle, okanye igazi linokuvuza libuyele umva. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima ukupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeengxaki ezibonakala kwivalvu ye-tricuspid.
| Igama lengxaki | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Tricuspid Atresia | Esi sisifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso . Kwimeko enjalo, kukho izicwili eziqinileyo kuphela apho kufuneka ukuba khona ivalvu. Akukho valve. Ngenxa yoko, akukho ndlela yokuba igazi lihambe kwaye iventricle yasekunene ayiphuhli kakuhle. Oku kudla ngokufuna utyando. |
| Ukuhlaziya iTricuspid | Kule meko, ivalvu ayivali kakuhle ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke xa igumbi elisezantsi lifinyela, elinye igazi livuza kwakhona kwigumbi eliphezulu . Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo. |
| I-Tricuspid Stenosis | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba umngxuma wevalvu umxinwa kakhulu . Kufana nocango oluvuleka phakathi kuphela. Oku kuthintela igazi ukuba lingaphumi lisuka kwigumbi eliphezulu liye kwigumbi elisezantsi. Intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi. |
Kutheni kuvela ezi ngxaki?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba le valve inokuba neengxaki.
- Iziphene zokuzalwa: Abanye abantu banokuzalwa benamaphepha amabini okanye amane endaweni yamathathu.
- Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ezibangela ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo, umzekelo i-endocarditis okanye i-rheumatic fever, zingonakalisa iivalvu.
- Ukwandiswa kwe-ventricular yasekunene: Xa igumbi elisezantsi lentliziyo likhula ngenxa yezinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ivalvu inokolulwa ingavaleki kakuhle.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Izifo ezifana neMarfan syndrome, ezichaphazela izicubu zomzimba ezinxibelelanayo.
- Ezinye izizathu: Unyango lwemitha yomhlaza esifubeni, iithumba zentliziyo, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile nako kunokuwuchaphazela.
Kuvakala njani ukuba kukho ingxaki ngevalvu? (Iimpawu)
Xa ukusebenza kwevalvu kuphazamiseka, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima, ngoko ke ungaziva udiniwe kwaye ubuthathaka ngokukhawuleza.
Njengoko imeko iqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Imvakalelo yokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
- Ukudumba kwentamo: Ukubonakala okanye ukuvakalelwa kokudumba kwimithambo entanyeni.
- Ukudumba: Ukudumba esiswini, emilenzeni, emaqatheni nasezinyaweni. Oku kwenzeka xa ulwelo luqokelelana emzimbeni xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo.
- Isibindi esikhulu.
- Ulusu olubandayo.
- Ukugquma kwentliziyo: Xa ugqirha ehlola intliziyo nge-stethoscope, uva isandi esongezelelweyo, njengesandi "sokushukuma" esibangelwa kukuphuma kwegazi.
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, akuthethi ukuba unengxaki yevalvu. Nangona kunjalo, licebo elihle ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo uze uhlolwe.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyanwe ezi ngxaki?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba kukho ingxaki yevalvu, uza kukuthumela kwingcali yentliziyo, onokwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze abone ingxaki.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni kule nto? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lomzimba | Ugqirha umamela intliziyo nge-stethoscope aze ajonge naziphi na izandi ezingaqhelekanga (ukumbombozela). |
| I-Echocardiogram | Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso (njengevidiyo) yokuhamba kwentliziyo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo amagumbi entliziyo, indlela ezivuleka nezivaleka ngayo iivalvu, kunye nokuba igazi libuyela umva na. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) | Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo uyalinganiswa. Oku kunokubona izinto ezifana nokungahambi kakuhle kwesingqisho sentliziyo. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-MRI | Oku kunokunceda ukujonga izinto ezifana nokwanda kwentliziyo okanye ukwakheka kolwelo emiphungeni. I -MRI yentliziyo inokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo wesakhiwo sentliziyo. |
| Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba | I-ECG kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi ziyajongwa xa uhamba kwi-treadmill. Oku kunceda ukuqonda indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo ngexesha lokuzilolonga. |
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Kule meko, ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi emlenzeni okanye engalweni ukuya entliziyweni, ilinganisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentliziyo kwaye ijonge ukuba igazi lihamba ngasemva na. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu bemeko yakho kunye neempawu zakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ingxaki ayinzima, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uqhubeke nokujonga imeko yakho. Ukuba kufuneka unyango, banokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:
- Amayeza: Amayeza anjenge- diuretics anokunikwa ukunciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yeTricuspid:Utyando lungasetyenziswa ukulungisa ii-valve flaps, ukwandisa umngxuma oxinyiweyo, okanye ukuqinisa i-valve ekhululekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-valve iqiniswa ngeringi yokwenziwa.
- Ukutshintshwa kwevalvu yeTricuspid: Ivalvu eyonakeleyo isuswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ithathelwe indawo yivalvu yokwenziwa (yoomatshini) okanye ivalvu eyenziwe ngezicubu zezilwanyana (zebhayoloji).
- Iinkqubo ze-Transcatheter: Ezi ziinkqubo ezilula kunezo zotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo. Apha, kufakwa i-catheter ngesikhumba ukuze kulungiswe okanye kutshintshwe ivalvu. Oku akufanelekanga kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizigulana ezifanelekileyo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe.
Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngevalvu, ungayigcina njani intliziyo isempilweni?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uthi unengxaki ngevalvu yakho ye-tricuspid, ungoyiki. Ungenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo ukuze intliziyo yakho ihlale isempilweni.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol. Sebenzisa amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngqo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo. Yitya ukutya okunamafutha agcweleyo nangenamafutha agqithisileyo kwaye okutyebileyo kwimifuno neziqhamo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi izilolonge ezifanelekileyo kuwe.
- Yiya rhoqo kuhlolo lwezonyango. Qiniseka ukuba uya khona ukuze uhlolwe intliziyo yakho ngemihla namaxesha acetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango lwamazinyo okanye olunye utyando, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-antibiotics zinokucetyiswa ukuthintela usulelo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, okanye umphimbo obuhlungu, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Oku kungenxa yokuba usulelo olufana nolu lunokuchaphazela intliziyo (endocarditis). Kubalulekile ukuyiqonda nokuyinyanga kwangethuba.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ivalvu ye-tricuspid lisango elibalulekileyo kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo, phakathi kwamagumbi aphezulu nasezantsi, elivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye.
- Iingxaki ezinje ngokubuyela kwesisu okanye i-stenosis zinokwenzeka ukuba le valve ayivali kakuhle.
- Iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa, ukuqina kwesifuba, kunye nokudumba kwemilenze zinokubakho.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye udibane nogqirha. Le meko inokuchongwa lula nge-echocardiogram.
- Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kubukhulu bemeko. Ingalawulwa ngamayeza, okanye isenokufuna utyando.
- Ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni ngokulandela indlela yokuphila elungileyo nangokulandela iingcebiso zonyango rhoqo.
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