Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye unexhala xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo wakho udinga utyando lwe-bypass. Ingakumbi xa usiva igama elithi "triple bypass," olo loyiko lunokuba lukhulu nangakumbi. "Ingaba i-triple bypass iyingozi enkulu?" "Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo emva koku?" Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula neqondakalayo ukuze sicacise zonke izinto ezikuxhalabisayo ngayo.
Yintoni kanye kanye utyando lwe-'triple bypass'?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuyiqonda le nto kukucinga ngengxinano yezithuthi endleleni. Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili apho zonke iimoto zibambeke khona, nto leyo edala ingxinano enkulu yezithuthi. Ngoko awukwazi ukufika apho ufuna ukuya khona ngokukhawuleza. Senza ntoni ngeli xesha? Sisebenzisa iindlela ezidlulayo ukuze siphephe ezo ngxinano zezithuthi, akunjalo?
Olu tyando luyafana. Imithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yethu (imithambo ye-coronary) ivalwe ngamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol deposits (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'plaque'). Kutyando lwe-'triple bypass', kwenziwa iindlela ezintathu ezintsha zokuhamba kwegazi, ezidlula ezi ndawo zintathu zivalekileyo.
Ukuze benze oku, oogqirha bathatha umthambo wegazi ophilileyo kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho (ngokuqhelekileyo emlenzeni wakho, engalweni, okanye esifubeni sakho sangaphakathi) baze bawufake, njenge-'bypass' entsha, ujikeleze indawo evalekileyo entliziyweni yakho. Oku kuvumela izihlunu zentliziyo ukuba zamkele igazi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Olu tyando ngokwezonyango lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Coronary Artery Bypass Graft' okanye i-'CABG'.
Ngubani ocetyiswayo ukuba enze olu tyando?
Olu tyando ludla ngokufuneka kubantu abanesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo . Asinguye wonke umntu, kodwa ngabo baneemeko ezithile.
- Ukuba kukho ukuvaleka okukhulu kwimithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Umzekelo, ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-50% yomthambo oyintloko wasekhohlo okanye ngaphezulu kwe-70% yeminye imithambo yesebe ivalekile.
- Ukuba ezi zithintelo zibangela iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo ezifana neentlungu zesifuba (i-angina) kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla .
- Ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sentliziyo.
- Ukuba ukuvaleka kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okanye kukhulu ukuba kunganyangwa ngonyango olungangenisi kakhulu olufana ne-angioplasty (inkqubo apho kusetyenziswa ibhaluni ukwandisa umthambo kwaye kufakwa i-stent),
Ngamafutshane, utyando lwe-bypass sesona sisombululo silungileyo sokugcina ukusebenza kwentliziyo kwiimeko ezinzima ezineebhloko ezininzi.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Emva kokugqiba usuku lotyando, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze ahlole ngcono imeko yakho.
| Igama lovavanyo | Kalula nje, ijongeka njani? |
|---|---|
| I-Angiogram | Jonga indawo echanekileyo kunye nobukhulu beendawo ezivalekileyo kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo. |
| I-Echocardiogram | Jonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo, oko kukuthi, ukuba intliziyo iphampa kakuhle kangakanani na. |
| I-ECG/EKG | Jonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kunye nesingqisho sayo. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan | Jonga imeko yentliziyo nemiphunga ngokubanzi. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Jonga izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezintso kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini. |
Uya kucetyiswa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na ukususela ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Kusenokufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, anjenge-blood thinners, kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngexesha lotyando
Oku kudla ngokwenziwa njengotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo . Ulaliswa ngokupheleleyo (ulala) kwaye utyando luqala. Ugqirha wenza utyando oluthe nkqo malunga nee-intshi ezi-1.5 ukusuka embindini wesifuba sakho, ahlule ngononophelo ithambo eliphakathi lesifuba sakho (sternum) libe zimbini, aze afikelele entliziyweni. Emva koko, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, umthambo wegazi ophilileyo othathwe emlenzeni wakho okanye kwenye inxalenye yomzimba wakho usetyenziselwa ukudala indlela entsha yokujikeleza ukuvaleka. Yonke inkqubo idla ngokuthatha iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 .
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu aphile?
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) kangangemini, apho uza kube ujongiwe ngokusondeleyo. Ngeli xesha, uza kuba netyhubhu emlonyeni wakho yokukunceda uphefumle, ityhubhu yokukhupha ulwelo emzimbeni wakho, kunye noomatshini bokujonga izinto ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Musa ukoyika ngezi zinto, zonke ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezenzelwe impilo-ntle yakho.
Uza kukwazi ukubuyela kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo emva kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Usenokukwazi nokuqala ukuhamba kancinci kancinci. Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 nangaphezulu ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngeli xesha.
- Ukuqhuba: Kuphephe ukuqhuba ide i-sternum yakho iphole (malunga neeveki ezi-6).
- Ukuphakamisa okunzima: Musa ukuphakamisa nantoni na enzima kune-4-5 kg (umzekelo, ibhotile yamanzi yeelitha ezi-5).
- Amayeza: Amayeza afana ne-'Aspirin', anikwa ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi, anokufuneka athathwe ubomi bonke. Amanye amayeza kufuneka athathwe njengoko ugqirha eyalele.
- Unyango lwentliziyo: Uya kucetyiswa ukuba wenze inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuzilolonga kunye noqeqesho lwendlela yokuphila phantsi kweliso loogqirha ukuze uqinise intliziyo yakho emva kotyando. Oku kuyimfuneko.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kolu tyando?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando olukhulu, kukho iingozi. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abangaphezu kwama-95% abenza utyando lwe-bypass ababi neengxaki ezinkulu. Umngcipheko wokufa ungaphantsi kwe-1%, ingakumbi xa kucwangcisiwe utyando. Iingxaki ezinokubakho ziquka:
- Ukuncipha komsebenzi wezintso
- Istroke
- Amahlwili egazi
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi etyaliweyo
- Usulelo lwenxeba elisikiweyo
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (`Atrial Fibrillation`)
Izinto ezinjalo zingabandakanywa. Kodwa amathuba okuba ezi zinto zenzeke mancinci kakhulu.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya?
Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukopha okanye ubomvu obuvela kwisilonda
- Ifiva
- Intlungu enxebeni iyanda.
- Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo
Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uya kwiikliniki kwaye ubone ugqirha kwiintsuku ezicwangcisiweyo emva kotyando.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-'triple bypass' luyindlela ephumelele kakhulu neqhelekileyo edala iindlela ezintsha zokuhamba kwegazi ngokuthintela imithambo yegazi emithathu evalekileyo entliziyweni.
- Oku kukhusela izihlunu zentliziyo yakho, kunciphisa iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, kwaye kuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.
- Kuthatha ixesha elithile (iiveki ezi-6 nangaphezulu) ukuba umntu aphile. Ngeli xesha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukuze uphile ubomi obusempilweni emva kotyando, kubalulekile ukuba utye ukutya okunempilo, wenze umthambo rhoqo , kwaye ungatshayi ngokupheleleyo .
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Ukuhlala unolwazi kuya kukunika amandla engqondo amaninzi.
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