Ngaba usoloko ukhala endlebeni yakho? Okanye uziva ngathi ulahlekelwe kukungeva kakuhle? Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho into ebambekayo endlebeni yakho, okanye ufumana usulelo lwendlebe, kwaye i-eardrum yakho inokugqobhoka. Ungakhathazeki, oku kwenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Olunye unyango loku lutyando esiza kuthetha ngalo namhlanje, olubizwa ngokuba yiTympanoplasty.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iTympanoplasty?
Kulungile, masiyibeke ngolu hlobo. Indlebe yakho ine-membrane encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-eardrum . Ifana nebhendi yesikhumba ebetha idrama. Xa amaza esandi avela ngaphandle ebetha le drama, iyangcangcazela. Oko kungcangcazela kuko okusenza sive izandi. Khawucinge nje, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho umngxuma kule drama? Njengokuba i-eardrum eneembobo ingavumeli isandi ukuba siviwe ngokufanelekileyo, xa kukho umngxuma kwi-eardrum, ayingcangcazeli ngokufanelekileyo. Oko kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa kukuva .
I-Tympanoplasty yindlela yotyando yokulungisa i-eardrum eneembobo. Ngokuchanekileyo, ibandakanya ukubeka 'i-patch' encinci phezu komngxuma kwi-eardrum uze uyivale.
Ngubani omele enze olu tyando?
Iimbobo ezincinci zihlala ziphola zodwa kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ngamaconsi endlebe okanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba azenzi njalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho. Ukuba ukumbobo kuyaqhubeka, kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuva okungakumbi, usulelo lwendlebe rhoqo, kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Olu tyando lwenziwa yingcali yendlebe, impumlo, nomqala. Sibiza aba gqirha ngokuba yi-Otolaryngologist (ENT) . Nangona olu lutyando olukhulu, uninzi lwexesha ungaya ekhaya ngokuhlwa.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Xa ubona ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kotyando, uza kuhlola imbali yakho yonke yezonyango aze emva koko ahlolisise indlebe yakho kakuhle.
- Uvavanyo nge-otoscope: Esi sisixhobo esincinci esifana nethotshi esivumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokucacileyo ukuba mkhulu kangakanani umngxuma kwi-eardrum, apho ikhoyo, nokuba isulelekile, okanye ukuba kukho ulwelo oluvuzayo.
- Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Usenokuba novavanyo lokuva ukuze kuhlolwe inqanaba lokuva kwakho kunye novavanyo lokujonga indlela esebenza ngayo i-eardrum yakho.
Ukongeza, ugqirha uza kukuchazela indlela olu tyando oluza kwenzeka ngayo kunye nendlela omele uzilungiselele ngayo. Umzekelo:
- Lifikile ixesha lokuyeka ukutya nokusela.
- Amayeza omawuwathathe kwaye uwayeke ngaphambi kotyando.
- Indlela onokufuna ngayo umntu oza kukunceda emva kotyando (ingakumbi umntu oza kukuqhuba akuse ekhaya).
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Okokuqala, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, ukuze ungaziva nto kwaye ulale ubuthongo ngokupheleleyo. Unganikwa nee-antibiotics ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.
Emva kokuba ulahlekelwe zingqondo, ugqirha we-ENT uza kuqalisa inkqubo yokulungisa i-eardrum. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku.
| Indlela yotyando | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Transcanal | Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngokufaka izixhobo ezincinci ngendlebe. Akukho kusikwa kwenziwa ngaphandle. |
| I-Postauricular | Olu tyando lwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci emva kwendlebe, apho indlebe inamathela khona. |
| I-Endaural | Indlela ebandakanya ukwenza umngxuma omncinci ngaphezulu kwendlebe. Le ayisasetyenziswa kakhulu. |
Okulandelayo kuza eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Oko kukuvala umngxuma kwi-eardrum. Kule nto , kusetyenziswa i-graft , eyi-tissue. Le tissue idla ngokuthathwa emzimbeni wakho.
- Apho izicubu zithathwa khona: Le tissue ingathathwa kwi-muscle membrane (izicubu ezinxibelelanayo) kufutshane nendlebe yakho okanye kwiqhekeza elincinci le-cartilage eliphambi kwendlebe yakho.
- Ukubeka ilaphu: Emva koko isiqwenga selaphu sibekwa phantsi komngxuma kwi-eardrum size sivalwe kakuhle.
- Ukuzinza: Ukuze le tissue intsha ingahambi, kubekwa igwebu elincinci phezulu nasezantsi ukuze lihlale endaweni yalo. Ungakhathazeki, eli gwebu liza kunyibilika ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Okokugqibela, ukuba kwenziwe i-incision, iyathungwa kwaye kufakwe ibhandeji entle ukugqiba umsebenzi. Ngamanye amaxesha amathambo amancinci angasemva kwe-eardrum angonakala. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ugqirha uya kuyilungisa nayo loo nto. Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha umngxuma kwi-eardrum unokubangela ukukhula okungafunekiyo okubizwa ngokuba yi-cholesteatoma ukuba kwenzeke ngaphakathi. Ukuba kukho into enjalo, nayo iya kususwa, ngoko ke utyando lunokuthatha ixesha elide.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu aphile?
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lubuyela ekhaya ngaloo mini inye, ungacelwa ukuba uhlale esibhedlele okanye usuku olunye. Ezi zilandelayo ziqhelekile kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kotyando:
- Kuphuma ulwelo olufana negazi endlebeni.
- Intlungu encinci okanye ukuziva ubunzima endlebeni.
- Ukuva isandi esithi 'chit chit' ngaphakathi endlebeni.
- Ukulahlekelwa kancinci kukungeva (oku kungathatha iiveki ezintandathu).
Kusenokubakho iintlungu kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu zokuqala. Ungasebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu aqhelekileyo kuloo nto. Kodwa ukuba iintlungu azinyamezeleki, ngokuqinisekileyo thetha nogqirha wakho.
Kungathatha malunga neentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini ukuba ukungakhululeki kuphele ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iinyanga ezintathu nangaphezulu ukuba ukuva ngokupheleleyo kubuye . Ukuba umntwana wakho utyando, kwaye akaziva ntlungu, angathunyelwa esikolweni malunga neentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. Cela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho malunga noku.
Ufanele ulumke njani ekhaya?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngqo. Nazi ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule.
| Izinto onokuzenza (Okufanele uzenze) | Izinto ekungamele uzenze (Okungamele uzenze) |
|---|---|
| Sela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo: Sebenzisa iipilisi zokubulala iintsholongwane okanye amathontsi endlebeni achazwe ngugqirha wakho kanye njengoko kuyalelwe. | Musa ukuyibamba impumlo yakho kakhulu: Musa ukuyibamba impumlo yakho kakhulu ubuncinane iiveki ezintathu. Ukuba kufuneka uthimle, vula umlomo wakho. |
| Gcina indlebe yomile: Xa uhlamba, faka ibhola yekotoni efakwe kwiVaseline® endlebeni. Ungacetyiswa nokuba ungayihlambi intloko yakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. | Musa ukuphakamisa iintsimbi: Musa ukuphakamisa iintsimbi ezingaphezu kwe-5 kg ude ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo. Abantwana kufuneka bayiphephe i-PE kangangeeveki ezimbini. |
| Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Phumla kangangoko unako. Musa ukubaleka kakhulu kwaye ungazibhokoxi kakhulu. | Ziphephe izinto ezibangela uxinzelelo ezindlebeni zakho: Ziphephe izinto ezifana nokubhabha ngeenqwelo-moya nokudada kangangenyanga. |
Xa kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza
Uza kubona ugqirha kwakhona kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kotyando. Uza kujonga ukuba indlebe yakho iphola njani. Uza kucwangcisa olunye uvavanyo lokuva kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu ngaphambi koko, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko:
- Utshintsho kwindlela oluvakala ngayo ulwimi okanye ukurhawuzelelwa ebusweni .
- Ubomvu okanye igazi elitsha (elibomvu bumnyama) eliphuma endlebeni okanye esikiwe.
- Ingxolo ezindlebeni .
- Iimpawu zosulelo ziquka umkhuhlane , ukubomvu, kunye nobushushu kwindawo yokusikwa.
- Intlungu yendlebe okanye ukuva okuya kusiba mandundu .
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko:
* Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
* Ubunzima bokuphefumla
* Ukudinwa okanye ukulahleka kokulinganisela xa uhamba
Ekugqibeleni, iziphumo zolu tyando ziphumelele kakhulu. Abantu abalithoba kwabalishumi baphumelele ekulungisweni kwe-eardrum. Ngoko ke, musa ukuvumela i-eardrum eneembobo ikuthintele ukuba uphile ubomi bakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho uze wenze isigqibo sokuba le yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kuwe na.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Tympanoplasty yindlela yotyando yokulungisa imingxunya kwi-eardrum. Oku kunokubuyisela ukuva nokuthintela usulelo lwendlebe.
- Olu tyando luphumelele kakhulu, kodwa kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba luphile ngokupheleleyo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha kanye emva kotyando, ingakumbi ukugcina indlebe yomile, ukuphepha ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, kunye nokungawuchukumisi kakhulu impumlo yakho.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nokuphuma kwencindi endlebeni, umkhuhlane, iintlungu eziqatha, okanye isiyezi, yazisa ugqirha wakho okanye isibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
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