Ngaba oku kwakha kwenzeka kuwe okanye kumntu omaziyo? Ngamanye amaxesha, uzaliswa luvuyo olukhulu kunye nomdla. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugutyungelwe lusizi kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza nto, uzive ngathi ukruqukile lihlabathi, kwaye uzive ulusizi kakhulu. Olu tshintsho phakathi kweemeko ezimbini zengqondo eziphikisanayo luphawu oluphambili lwesifo sengqondo esithetha ngaso namhlanje. Kufana namacala amabini engqekembe.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder?
Isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder , esikwaziwa ngokuba yi-manic depression, sisifo sengqondo esinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimo yengqondo yomntu, amandla akhe, iingcinga zakhe kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe. Igama elithi "bipolar" lithetha "ii-two poles." Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abanale meko banamava amabini agqithisileyo, okanye ii-poles, zemood.
1. Ukuphambana: Oku kugqithisileyo. Ngeli xesha, umntu uziva onwabile kakhulu, enamandla, kwaye enomdla. Uziva ngathi angaloyisa ihlabathi. Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kuxakeka kakhulu kuhamba nokucaphuka, ukungxama, kunye nokuzibeka emngciphekweni. Abanye abantu banamava okukhohlisa okanye ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo ngeli xesha.
2. Uxinzelelo: Eli lelinye icala eligqithisileyo. Ngeli xesha, uziva ulusizi kakhulu, ungenathemba, kwaye uphelelwe ngamandla ngokupheleleyo. Uphelelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela. Ezi mpawu zifana kakhulu neempawu zoxinzelelo lweklinikhi.
Phakathi kwezi meko zimbini zigqithisileyo, oko kukuthi, xa kungekho "Mania" okanye " Depression ", imeko yesigulane ihlala ikwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo nelizinzileyo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, oku akungobuthathaka bomntu. Yimeko yempilo efana nesifo seswekile nesifo sentliziyo, ebangelwa lutshintsho kwi-chemistry yengqondo.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili zesifo se-bipolar?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zale meko. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo oluwela kulo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lweempawu zakho.
- I-Bipolar I : Olu hlobo lubonakaliswa ziziqendu ze-mania enzima ezithatha ubuncinane iveki. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu ziba nzima kangangokuba kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele. Kukwakho neziqendu ze-depression enzima ezithatha ubuncinane iiveki ezimbini.
- I-Bipolar II:Akukho ziqendu ziqatha ze-mania. Endaweni yoko, kukho iqendu elingaphantsi kwe-hypomania. Nangona kunjalo, iziqendu eziqatha ze-depression azinakuphepheka.
- Ingxaki yeCyclothymic: Le yimeko apho zombini iimpawu ze-hypomanic kunye ne-depression zihlala ixesha elide, ubuncinane iminyaka emibini kumntu omdala kunye nonyaka omnye kumntwana omncinci. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu azikho nzima njengezo zeBipolar I okanye II.
- Ukujika ngesantya esikhawulezayo: Olu asilohlobo olwahlukileyo. Ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza indlela yokugula kumntu oneBipolar I okanye II. Ukuba kwenzeka utshintsho lweemvakalelo ezine okanye ngaphezulu kunyaka, oku kubizwa ngokuba yiRapid Cycling.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Kwi-bipolar disorder, ezi ziganeko zokuphakama nokwehla, okanye iziqendu ze-mania kunye nokudakumba, azenzeki ngendlela ethile. Umntu unokufumana imeko efanayo yeemvakalelo (umz., ukudakumba) amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba atshintshele kwenye imeko egqithisileyo (mania). Ezi zinokuhlala iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, makhe sijonge ezi mpawu kwitheyibhile.
| Iimpawu zeMania | Iimpawu zoxinzelelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuziva uvuyo olukhulu kunye nochulumanco. | Ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwamandla. |
| Ukucaphuka ngokukhawuleza, ngequbuliso utshintsha ukusuka kulonwabo ukuya kumsindo. | Ukuziva udandathekile kakhulu kwaye uphelelwe lithemba. |
| Isidingo sokulala sinciphile kakhulu. | Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela. |
| Ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye rhoqo. | Ukulibala kunye nobunzima bokugxila. |
| Ukwenza izicwangciso ezinkulu, ezingenakwenzeka. | Ubunzima bokwenza izigqibo, ukuthetha kancinci. |
| Ukuchitha imali ngokungeyomfuneko, ukungakhathali. | Ukungalali okanye ukulala kakhulu. |
| Ukwanda komkhwa wokusebenzisa iziyobisi notywala. | Utshintsho ekutyeni (ukwanda okanye ukuncipha). |
| Ukuzithemba kakhulu, becinga ukuba bangenza nantoni na. | Ukucinga ngobomi, ukufa, okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala. |
Iimpawu kubantwana nakubantu abancinci
Iimpawu ebantwaneni nakubantu abancinci zinokufana nezo zabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokudidaniswa nezinye iimeko, ezifana nesifo sokungakwazi ukugxila kakhulu (ADHD). Ngoko ke ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unazo ezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelana nogqirha wabantwana okanye nogqirha wengqondo ukuze akunike iingcebiso.
Zithini izizathu zesifo se-bipolar?
Akukho sizathu sithile sifunyenweyo okwangoku, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ukudibana kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kunokudlala indima.
- I-genetics: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo se-bipolar, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba naso, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba uza kuba naso ngokuqinisekileyo.
- Ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wobuchopho: Kufunyenwe ukuba izigulana zinokungalungelelani kunye notshintsho kwisakhiwo kwiikhemikhali ezithile ( ii-neurotransmitters ) engqondweni yazo.
- Izinto ezibangela imeko-bume: Izinto ezifana neziganeko ezibuhlungu ngexesha lobuntwana, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo zinokubangela isifo okanye iimpawu zibe zimbi ngakumbi.
- Iziyobisi notywala: Ezi zinokubangela ukuba iimpawu zibonakale okanye ziyenze mandundu imeko.
Iphathwa njani?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba isifo se-bipolar sisifo esinokulawulwa kakuhle ngonyango . Ukufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo lelona nyathelo lokuqala libalulekileyo.
Ngenxa yokuba le yimeko yexesha elide, kufuneka unyango oluqhubekayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kusetyenziswa indibaniselwano yonyango.
Amayeza
Olu lolona nyango luphambili. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza afanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
- Izinto Ezigcina Umoya Uzinzile: Umzekelo, iLithium, iValproate.
- Ii-Antipsychotics: Ezi zinceda ukulawula iimpawu zokuxinezeleka kwengqondo.
- Amayeza okudakumba: La anikwa abantu abadandathekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela iingxaki zengqondo, ngoko ke anikwa rhoqo ngamayeza okulungisa iimvakalelo.
Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana indibaniselwano efanelekileyo yamayeza kuwe. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nomonde ngonyango lwakho.
Unyango lwengqondo
Kunye namayeza, iingcebiso ngengqondo nazo zibaluleke kakhulu.
- Unyango Lokuziphatha Oluqondayo (i-CBT): Oku kunceda ekuchongeni iingcinga ezimbi kunye neendlela zokuziphatha kwaye kuzitshintshe zibe zezilungileyo.
- Unyango lwe-Interpersonal and Social Rhythm (IPSRT): Oku kunceda ukulawula imood ngokuseka ishedyuli yemihla ngemihla ehambelanayo yezinto ezifana nokulala nokutya, nokuphila ngaloo rhythm.
- Imfundo yengqondo: Ukuzifundisa wena nosapho lwakho ngesi sifo yindlela enamandla kakhulu yokuphila nesi sifo.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
- Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): Olu nyango lusetyenziswa phantsi kweliso elibukhali loogqirha kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu ezingaphenduliyo kumayeza.
- Indlela eqhelekileyo yokwenza izinto: Ziqhelise ukulala, ukuvuka nokutya ngexesha elinye yonke imihla.
- Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kulungile kakhulu kwimpilo yengqondo.
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala neziyobisi.
- Lawula uxinzelelo: Izinto ezifana neyoga kunye nokucamngca zinokunceda.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ufuna uncedo?
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, nceda ungabi wedwa.
- Bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko: Thetha nogqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ingcali yezifo zengqondo ngale nto.
- Yazisa abantu obathandayo:Thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo abasondeleyo ngale nto. Inkxaso yabo iya kuba namandla amakhulu kuwe kolu hambo.
- Kwimeko kaxakeka: Ukuba umntu ucinga ngokuzibulala okanye ukulungele ukuzilimaza okanye ukwenzakalisa abanye, mthathe ngoko nangoko aye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Ukuphila ne-bipolar disorder kunokuba nzima, kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, inkxaso yosapho, kunye nokuzinikela kwakho, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobunolonwabo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo se-bipolar asilotyala okanye ubuthathaka bomntu. Yimeko yezonyango ekufuneka inyangwe.
- Uphawu oluphambili kukutshintshatshintsha phakathi kweemeko ezimbini ezigqithisileyo (ulonwabo olugqithisileyo kunye nokudakumba okugqithisileyo).
- Ngokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo nangonyango, le meko inokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ubomi obuqhelekileyo bunokuphilwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho kwaye ufune iingcebiso zengqondo. Ungaze uyeke ukuwasela amayeza wedwa.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Awuwedwa, kwaye uncedo luyafumaneka.
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