Umele ukuba woyika kakhulu xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba umntwana wakho omncinci unemingxuma entliziyweni yakhe, akunjalo? Enyanisweni ixhaphakile kakhulu. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba esi sesona sifo sentliziyo siqhelekileyo esibonwa ebantwaneni eSri Lanka. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azinabungozi. Ngoko ke ungoyiki. Masithethe ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yiVSD (Ventricular Septal Defect) ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Kalula nje, yintoni le VSD?
Intliziyo yethu ifana nendlu encinci enamagumbi amane. Amagumbi amabini aphezulu kunye namagumbi amabini asezantsi. Amagumbi amabini amakhulu, aqinileyo ezantsi yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba zii-ventricles . Kukho udonga oluqinileyo phakathi kwezi ventricles zimbini. Olu donga lubizwa ngokuba yi-septum . Umsebenzi wolu donga kukuthintela igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi, elicocekileyo kwelinye icala lentliziyo ukuba lingadibani negazi elingenamoya-mpilo omninzi, elingcolileyo kwelinye icala.
I-Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) , ngokufutshane, ngumngxuma eludongeni (septum). Lo mngxuma wenzeka xa olu donga lungakhekanga ngokupheleleyo xa umntwana esakhula esibelekweni. Lo mngxuma uvumela igazi elineoksijini eninzi ukuba lixubane negazi elineoksijini encinci. Oku kuthintela intliziyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle, oko kuthetha ukuba intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima.
Uninzi lwexesha, le mingxunya mincinci kakhulu kwaye ayibangeli zimpawu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, le mingxunya inokuba nkulu. Kwimeko enjalo, umntwana unokuba neengxaki ezithile aze afune unyango.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-VSD?
Ewe, le mingxunya yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezine eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ikuphi eludongeni lwentliziyo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uzazi nzulu ezi zinto, kodwa kulungile ukuba nokuqonda ngokubanzi.
| Uhlobo lwe-VSD | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| I-VSD ekhumkileyo | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Umngxuma ufumaneka kwinxalenye ephezulu yodonga lwentliziyo. |
| I-VSD yemisipha | Olu hlobo lomngxuma luvela kwicandelo elingaphantsi, elinemisipha emininzi eludongeni. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho imingxunya engaphezulu komnye. |
| I-VSD yokungena | Lo mngxuma ukufutshane kakhulu neevalvu zentliziyo. |
| Ivenkile yokuphuma yeVSD | Lo mngxuma ukufutshane nemithambo ephambili ethwala igazi entliziyweni. |
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Ixesha elininzi, ukuba umngxuma we-VSD mncinci kakhulu (ngaphantsi kweemilimitha ezi-3, malunga nobukhulu be-toothpick), akuyi kubakho zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umngxuma uphakathi ngobukhulu (iimilimitha ezi-3-5) okanye mkhulu (iimilimitha ezi-6-10, malunga nobukhulu be-pea), iimpawu zinokubakho.
| Iqela leminyaka | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa |
|
| Abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala |
|
Yintoni ebangela i-VSD?
Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha i-VSD inokwenzeka kunye nezinye iimeko zemfuza, ezifana ne -Down syndrome .
Kukwacingelwa ukuba amayeza athile athathwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa (umz., amayeza okulwa nesifo sokuwa) okanye ukusela utywala kunokunyusa umngcipheko. Nangona kunjalo, uphando alukafumaneki ukuqinisekisa ezi zizathu.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Ukuba umngxuma we-VSD mkhulu, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima, nto leyo enokuyonakalisa intliziyo nemiphunga ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kubangela ukwanda komthamo wegazi elihamba ukusuka kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo ukuya emiphungeni, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiPulmonary Hypertension .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuba i-VSD enkulu ayinyangwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neminyaka emi-2 ubudala, umonakalo emiphungeni unokuba yinto engapheliyo kwaye ihlale ihleli. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Eisenmenger syndrome . Ngoko ke, unyango lwasekuqaleni lubaluleke kakhulu.
Ezinye iingxaki:
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Ukuvuza kwegazi kwi-aorta (ukuvuza kwegazi kwiivalvu zentliziyo)
- Ukwandiswa kwemithambo yentliziyo
- Usulelo lwentliziyo (i-Endocarditis)
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
- Istroke
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Rhoqo, xa ugqirha ehlola umntwana aze amamele isifuba sakhe nge-stethoscope, kuvakala isandi esongezelelweyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"heart murmur" . Ukumamela esi sandi kunokubangela ukuba umntu arhanele ukuba une-VSD.
Ukuqinisekisa loo ngxaki, ugqirha ucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ezifana nezi:
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lufana nokuskena komntwana osesibelekweni. Luthatha ividiyo yentliziyo luze lubonise indawo ekuyo umngxuma, ubungakanani bayo, kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Ivavanya umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba.
- I-MRI yentliziyo okanye i-CT scan: Ezi azifuneki rhoqo.
- Ukufakwa kweCatheterization yentliziyo: Uvavanyo apho kufakwa khona umbhobho omncinci entliziyweni. Oku akusoloko kuyimfuneko.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-VSD?
Ukuba oku kuyanyangwa okanye akunjalo, kwaye njani, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomngxuma kunye neempawu zomntwana.
Ukulinda Ngokucothayo
Ixesha elininzi, oko kukuthi, uninzi lwemingxunya ye-VSD mincinci kakhulu. Le mingxunya izivaleka yodwa xa umntwana eneminyaka emalunga ne-6 ubudala. Kwimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha akenzi naluphi na unyango, kodwa ujonga rhoqo ukukhula komntwana kunye neempawu zakhe ekliniki.
Amayeza
Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ngelixa umngxuma uphola, okanye elungiselelwa utyando, ugqirha angakunika amayeza athile.
- I-Diuretics: Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni ubungakanani bolwelo olongezelelweyo oluqokelelana emzimbeni nasemiphungeni.
- Amayeza esifo sentliziyo: Anceda ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
Utyando kunye nezinye iindlela
Ukuba umngxuma mkhulu kwaye ubangela iingxaki kumntwana, kuya kufuneka uvalwe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku.
1. Utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uvala umngxuma ngezitishi okanye "i-patch" yokwenziwa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izicubu zentliziyo yomntwana ziyakhula zijikeleze i-patch, zibe yinxalenye yodonga lwentliziyo.
2. Inkqubo ye-Transcatheter: Oku akubandakanyi ukunqunyulwa esifubeni. Endaweni yoko, ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu emlenzeni iye entliziyweni, kwaye kudluliselwa isixhobo kuyo ukuvala umngxuma. Le yinkqubo elula kunotyando.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?
Ukuba umntwana wakho une-VSD, soloko ulumkele ezi mpawu zilandelayo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla, okanye ukuba ulusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho zijika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/zibe mthubi (cyanosis), mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Ukongeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ubona ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ubunzima bomntwana abunyuki njengoko bekulindelwe.
- Ukuba ubila okanye uzibhokoxa kakhulu xa usela ubisi.
- Ukuba uhlala uhlaselwa zizifo zokuphefumla (i-mucus yesifuba).
Yintoni esinokuyilindela kwixesha elizayo?
Ezi zezona ndaba zimnandi. Uninzi lwabantwana abane-VSD baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni. Ingakumbi ukuba umngxuma mncinane okanye unyangiwe kwaye waphiliswa ngokupheleleyo, akukho nto yokoyika ngekamva.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-VSD enkulu ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibangela umonakalo emaphaphu (i-Eisenmenger syndrome), ixesha lokuphila linokuncipha. Yiyo loo nto ukufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-VSD yeyona ngxaki yentliziyo exhaphakileyo ebantwaneni. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa.
- Uninzi lwemingxunya ye-VSD mincinci kakhulu. Izivaleka yodwa njengoko umntwana ekhula, ngaphandle konyango.
- Ukuba umngxuma mkhulu kwaye kukho iimpawu, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kuwo.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunika ingqalelo kwiimpawu zomntwana wakho, ubone ugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe.
- Ukuba unemibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, xoxa ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha onyanga umntwana.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho