Xa ungumama okhulelweyo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga nomntwana osesiswini sakho. Ukuze sifumane iimpendulo kweminye yale mibuzo, senza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo (uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa) ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngoko ke olunye lovavanyo olukhethekileyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-NIPT. Oku kunokusinika umkhondo wokuba umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni wokufumana iimeko ezithile zemfuza, ezifana ne -Down syndrome . Nangona kunjalo, olu ayilovavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-100%. Ke ngoko, abanye oogqirha bakhetha ukulubiza ngokuba yi-NIPS (uvavanyo) endaweni ye-NIPT (uvavanyo). Kuba oku kubonisa kuphela umngcipheko.
Ungenza njani uvavanyo lwe-NIPT? Kulula kakhulu!
Sonke sivile ngeDNA. Ifana nencwadi ekwiseli nganye emzimbeni wethu, ephethe lonke ulwazi lwethu lwemfuza. Ubusazi na ukuba iziqwenga ezincinci zale DNA nazo zijikeleza egazini lethu. Le DNA siyibiza ngokuba yi-DNA engenaziseli, okanye yi-'cfDNA'?
Ngoko ke xa ukhulelwe, igazi lakho liqulathe i-'cfDNA' yakho, kunye neziqwenga ze-DNA yomntwana wakho (i-DNA ye-fetal engenaseli - cffDNA) . Ayimangalisi loo nto? Uvavanyo lwe-NIPT lubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli yegazi elula kuwe kwaye uyivavanye iziqwenga ze-DNA yomntwana wakho, ikunike izikhokelo malunga neemeko ezithile zemfuza. Ekubeni luvavanyo olungangenisi gazi, akukho mngcipheko kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho.
Yintoni esinokuyifunda kuvavanyo lwe-NIPT?
Uvavanyo lwe-NIPT lujonga ikakhulu ukungaqheleki kwii-chromosomes. Ngamafutshane, ii-chromosomes zihlala ziza ngababini kwiiseli zethu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, endaweni yeekopi ezimbini ze-chromosome, zinokuba ntathu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -trisomy .
Nazi iimeko eziphambili ze-trisomy ezijongwa luvavanyo lwe-NIPT kunye nokuchaneka kwazo:
| Imeko yemfuza | Inombolo yeChromosome (iTrisomy) | Ukuchaneka kwe-NIPT |
|---|---|---|
| I-Down syndrome | I-Trisomy 21 | ~99% |
| isifo sikaEdwards | I-Trisomy 18 | ~97% |
| Isifo sePatau | I-Trisomy 13 | ~87% |
Nceda ukhumbule: I-NIPT luvavanyo lokuhlola olubonisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko na. Akunakuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo ukuba kukho isifo.
Ukuba iziphumo ze-NIPT zilungile, oko kuthetha ukuba zibonisa umngcipheko, kufuneka siye kuvavanyo lokuxilongwa ukuze siqinisekise oko. Kukho iimvavanyo ezimbini ezenzelwa loo nto:
1. I-Amniocentesis: Inkqubo ebandakanya ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo lwe-amniotic ngaphakathi kwesibeleko kwaye ivavanywe.
2. I-Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Inkqubo ebandakanya ukuthatha iiseli ezimbalwa kwi-placenta yomntwana kwaye zivavanywe.
Ngenxa yokuba zombini ezi mvavanyo zihlasela ( zihlasela ), kukho umngcipheko omncinci. Ngenxa yoko, abanye oomama basenokungafuni ukuba zenziwe.
Ukongeza, i-NIPT inokumisela isini somntwana. Ukuba awufuni ukwazi, ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kovavanyo.
Ngubani ofuna ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-NIPT?
Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ngumama ogqibe iiveki ezili-10 zokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, alulovavanyo olunyanzelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, oomama abasengozini enkulu yezifo ezithile zofuzo banomdla ngakumbi koku.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
- Oomama abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala.
- Oomama abakhe bazala umntwana onesifo se-trisomy ngaphambili.
- Oomama abaye babonakala besengozini ngovavanyo lokuhlolwa olunye (umz. uvavanyo lwekota yokuqala).
Iimeko apho iziphumo ze-NIPT zisenokungathembeki kakhulu
Uvavanyo lwe-NIPT luxhomekeke kubungakanani be-DNA yosana egazini likamama. Olu nani ludla ngokuba yipesenti encinci, malunga ne-10%-20%. Ke ngoko, ezinye iimeko emzimbeni kamama zinokuchaphazela ezi ziphumo.
- Ukuba i-body mass index yakho (BMI) ingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu.
- Ukuba umntwana ukhulelwe ngeqanda elinikelayo.
- Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza athile okunciphisa igazi.
- Ukuba uthwele amawele okanye abantwana abaninzi esibelekweni.
Kwimeko enjalo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze ugqibe ukuba uvavanyo lwe-NIPT lukulungele na.
Wenza ntoni emva kokufumana iziphumo ze-NIPT?
Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ulusizi kwaye wothukile xa ufumanisa ukuba unobungozi (isiphumo esihle) kuvavanyo lwe-NIPT. Kodwa ungoyiki. Okokuqala, khumbula ukuba esi ayisosigqibo sokugqibela. Okwangoku, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nomcebisi wezofuzo okanye ugqirha wakho ukuze uqonde iziphumo.
I-NIPT luvavanyo olubonisa umngcipheko kuphela. Musa ukwenza naziphi na izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ngomntwana wakho ngokusekelwe kwezo ziphumo kuphela.
Ukuba uyafuna, ungaya kuvavanyo lokuxilonga olufana ne-'amniocentesis' okanye 'CVS' ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ukuqinisekisa imeko eyi-100%. Okanye unelungelo lokungazivavanyi ezo mvavanyo. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezi zinto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-NIPT luvavanyo olwenziwa kusetyenziswa isampuli yegazi elula ethathwe kumama okhulelweyo kwaye alubeki mngcipheko kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho.
- Olu ayilovavanyo oluqinisekileyo olupheleleyo. Luvavanyo lokuhlola kuphela olubonisa umngcipheko wezifo ezifana neDown syndrome.
- Ukuba iziphumo ze-NIPT zilungile, kufuneka kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo, olufana ne-amniocentesis, ukuqinisekisa oko.
- Soloko uxoxa ngeziphumo ze-NIPT kunye namanyathelo alandelayo nogqirha wakho, endaweni yokwenza izigqibo wedwa.
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